vinishjail97 commented on code in PR #935:
URL: https://github.com/apache/incubator-xtable/pull/935#discussion_r4161255151


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xtable-core/src/main/java/org/apache/xtable/index/HudiBackedIcebergSecondaryIndex.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+ 
+package org.apache.xtable.index;
+
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.metadata.HoodieTableMetadataUtil.PARTITION_NAME_SECONDARY_INDEX_PREFIX;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Properties;
+
+import lombok.extern.log4j.Log4j2;
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaSparkContext;
+import org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD;
+import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession;
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow;
+
+import org.apache.hudi.client.common.HoodieSparkEngineContext;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.config.HoodieMetadataConfig;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.data.HoodieData;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.data.HoodiePairData;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.HoodieTableMetaClient;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.HoodieTableVersion;
+import org.apache.hudi.data.HoodieJavaRDD;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.HoodieBackedTableMetadata;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.HoodieTableMetadataUtil;
+import org.apache.hudi.storage.HoodieStorage;
+import org.apache.hudi.storage.hadoop.HoodieHadoopStorage;
+
+import org.apache.iceberg.PartitionSpec;
+import org.apache.iceberg.Partitioning;
+import org.apache.iceberg.Table;
+import org.apache.iceberg.types.Types;
+
+import org.apache.xtable.catalog.TableFormatUtils;
+import org.apache.xtable.conversion.ConversionConfig;
+import org.apache.xtable.conversion.ConversionController;
+import org.apache.xtable.conversion.SourceTable;
+import org.apache.xtable.conversion.TargetTable;
+import org.apache.xtable.hudi.HudiTargetConfig;
+import org.apache.xtable.iceberg.IcebergConversionSourceProvider;
+import org.apache.xtable.model.storage.TableFormat;
+
+/**
+ * Secondary index for an Iceberg table backed by the Hudi metadata table. The 
index is built by
+ * syncing the Iceberg table to Hudi with the record index and a secondary 
index enabled; the Hudi
+ * metadata lives under {@code <data location>/.hoodie/metadata}. Because the 
Iceberg data files
+ * carry no Hudi record keys, the record key of a row is {@code <file path 
relative to the data
+ * location>_<row position>}, which a lookup resolves back to a file path and 
row position.
+ */
+@Log4j2
+public class HudiBackedIcebergSecondaryIndex implements Index<Table> {
+  private final String tableLocation;
+  private final String dataPath;
+  private final Properties targetTableProperties;
+  private final JavaSparkContext javaSparkContext;
+  private final HoodieSparkEngineContext engineContext;
+
+  /**
+   * @param icebergTable the table to index
+   * @param sparkSession the Spark session used to build and query the index
+   * @param targetTableProperties additional {@link HudiTargetConfig} 
properties for the sync, for
+   *     example the record index file group counts
+   */
+  public HudiBackedIcebergSecondaryIndex(
+      Table icebergTable, SparkSession sparkSession, Properties 
targetTableProperties) {
+    this.tableLocation = icebergTable.location();
+    this.dataPath =
+        TableFormatUtils.getTableDataLocation(
+            TableFormat.ICEBERG, tableLocation, icebergTable.properties());
+    this.targetTableProperties = targetTableProperties;
+    this.javaSparkContext = 
JavaSparkContext.fromSparkContext(sparkSession.sparkContext());
+    this.engineContext = new HoodieSparkEngineContext(javaSparkContext);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean doesIndexExist(String columnName) {
+    return HoodieTableMetadataUtil.metadataPartitionExists(
+        dataPath, engineContext, PARTITION_NAME_SECONDARY_INDEX_PREFIX + 
columnName);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void syncIndex(Table icebergTable, String columnName) {
+    Configuration configuration = javaSparkContext.hadoopConfiguration();
+    IcebergConversionSourceProvider sourceProvider = new 
IcebergConversionSourceProvider();
+    sourceProvider.init(configuration);
+    new ConversionController(configuration)
+        .sync(getConversionConfig(icebergTable, columnName), sourceProvider);
+    log.info("Synced secondary index for column {} of table {}", columnName, 
tableLocation);
+  }
+
+  private ConversionConfig getConversionConfig(Table icebergTable, String 
columnName) {
+    SourceTable sourceTable =
+        SourceTable.builder()
+            .name(icebergTable.name())
+            .basePath(tableLocation)
+            .dataPath(dataPath)
+            .formatName(TableFormat.ICEBERG)
+            .build();
+    Properties mergedProperties = new Properties();
+    mergedProperties.putAll(targetTableProperties);
+    mergedProperties.setProperty(HudiTargetConfig.SECONDARY_INDEX_COLUMN, 
columnName);
+    mergedProperties.setProperty(
+        HudiTargetConfig.EXECUTION_ENGINE, 
HudiTargetConfig.EXECUTION_ENGINE_SPARK);
+    // the secondary index is only available from Hudi table version 8 onwards
+    mergedProperties.setProperty(
+        HudiTargetConfig.HUDI_TABLE_VERSION, 
String.valueOf(HoodieTableVersion.NINE.versionCode()));
+    TargetTable targetTable =
+        TargetTable.builder()
+            .name(icebergTable.name())
+            .basePath(dataPath)
+            .formatName(TableFormat.HUDI)
+            .additionalProperties(mergedProperties)
+            .build();
+    return ConversionConfig.builder()
+        .sourceTable(sourceTable)
+        .targetTables(Collections.singletonList(targetTable))
+        .build();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public RDD<IndexLookupResult> lookup(Table icebergTable, RDD<String> keys, 
String columnName) {

Review Comment:
   Can this be a Dataframe instead? 



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