There are 15 messages in this issue.
Topics in this digest:
1a. Re: OT: Native Americans
From: George Corley
1b. Re: OT: Native Americans
From: Charles W Brickner
1c. Re: OT: Native Americans
From: George Corley
1d. Re: OT: Native Americans
From: BPJ
2.1. Re: USAGE: Good hair and bad hair.
From: Adam Walker
2.2. Re: USAGE: Good hair and bad hair.
From: George Corley
2.3. Re: USAGE: Good hair and bad hair.
From: Puey McCleary
3a. respectively
From: Matthew Turnbull
3b. Re: respectively
From: Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews
3c. Re: respectively
From: Adam Walker
3d. Re: respectively
From: Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews
3e. Re: respectively
From: Matthew Boutilier
3f. Re: respectively
From: p...@phillipdriscoll.com
3g. Re: respectively
From: Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews
4. Sangari elements and chemical history
From: Herman Miller
Messages
________________________________________________________________________
1a. Re: OT: Native Americans
Posted by: "George Corley" gacor...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 9:06 am ((PST))
On Tue, Dec 18, 2012 at 10:38 AM, David McCann <da...@polymathy.plus.com>wrote:
> On Mon, 17 Dec 2012 15:30:29 -0600
> George Corley <gacor...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> > In the US, they are often termed Native Americans or American
> > Indians, or Amerindians in more technical contexts. Canada
> > officially uses First Nations, though I think more specific terms
> > like Inuit and Aleut tend to be more common as you get into the far
> > northern tribes. And the usual Spanish term is _indígena_
> > "indigenous", though _indio_ also appears.
>
> As I understand it, the Mexican fault-line is linguistic. If your L1
> isn't Spanish, you're an indio. If it is, you're a mestizo, no matter
> how hard-pressed you'd be to trace a Spanish ancestor.
>
Interesting. A similar phenomenon might be apparent in China -- if you
look Asian and your native language is *any* Sinitic language, you are Han
... unless you're a Muslim, then you're Hui.
Of course, in Taiwan they more clearly differentiate Mandarin speakers,
Taiwanese-speakers, and Hakka.
> It occurred to me the other day that almost all of those whom
> yanks/gringos (if am I allowed to use such terms) call "hispanics" are
> actually mestizos, and hence Native Americans. The immigration is
> really the indigenous inhabitants taking their land back!
>
Yes. The stereotypical Hispanic is essentially a mestizo (though most
people only know the physical characteristics). I suppose it comes from
the fact that Mexico has such a large mestizo population.
Messages in this topic (10)
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1b. Re: OT: Native Americans
Posted by: "Charles W Brickner" tepeyach...@embarqmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 9:58 am ((PST))
-----Original Message-----
From: Constructed Languages List [mailto:conl...@listserv.brown.edu] On
Behalf Of David McCann
It occurred to me the other day that almost all of those whom yanks/gringos
(if am I allowed to use such terms) call "hispanics" are actually mestizos,
and hence Native Americans. The immigration is really the indigenous
inhabitants taking their land back!
===========================================
The verb 'mestizar' means 'to cross breeds of animals'. Thus, 'mestizo'
means someone of mixed heritage, although connotations do change. And so,
by definition, mestizos are not fully Native Americans, but are descended
both from them and from, presumably, Spanish ancestors. Perhaps your
statement that they are "taking their land back" is meant humorously. I
could accept that if it were the Pamunkey or the Mattaponi Indians who were
expanding in the Commonwealth of Virginia. However, there never were
"mestizo" Indians in Virginia, so the large number of Hispanic immigrants
here are doing just that, immigrating.
I hope that no one will interpret the preceding to mean that I am against
the immigration!
Charlie
Messages in this topic (10)
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1c. Re: OT: Native Americans
Posted by: "George Corley" gacor...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 12:31 pm ((PST))
On Tue, Dec 18, 2012 at 11:58 AM, Charles W Brickner <
tepeyach...@embarqmail.com> wrote:
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Constructed Languages List [mailto:conl...@listserv.brown.edu] On
> Behalf Of David McCann
>
> It occurred to me the other day that almost all of those whom yanks/gringos
> (if am I allowed to use such terms) call "hispanics" are actually mestizos,
> and hence Native Americans. The immigration is really the indigenous
> inhabitants taking their land back!
> ===========================================
> The verb 'mestizar' means 'to cross breeds of animals'. Thus, 'mestizo'
> means someone of mixed heritage, although connotations do change. And so,
> by definition, mestizos are not fully Native Americans, but are descended
> both from them and from, presumably, Spanish ancestors. Perhaps your
> statement that they are "taking their land back" is meant humorously. I
> could accept that if it were the Pamunkey or the Mattaponi Indians who were
> expanding in the Commonwealth of Virginia. However, there never were
> "mestizo" Indians in Virginia, so the large number of Hispanic immigrants
> here are doing just that, immigrating.
> I hope that no one will interpret the preceding to mean that I am against
> the immigration!
>
Wow. I've killed jokes before -- often deliberately -- but that was a bit
much even for me. Yeah, for most ethnic groups that want to retake or
return to their ancestral homeland, that desire is a bit misguided and
often fueled by mythology more than history, but a joke's a joke. Besides
that, many of the areas that have large Mexican immigration were once
Mexican territory, so you could still -- jokingly, not taking it too
seriously -- think of it as Mexicans taking back what was theirs. In fact,
it's a pretty damn common bit of humor.
Messages in this topic (10)
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1d. Re: OT: Native Americans
Posted by: "BPJ" b...@melroch.se
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 12:56 pm ((PST))
NCNC!
On 2012-12-18 21:31, George Corley wrote:
> On Tue, Dec 18, 2012 at 11:58 AM, Charles W Brickner <
> tepeyach...@embarqmail.com> wrote:
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Constructed Languages List [mailto:conl...@listserv.brown.edu] On
>> Behalf Of David McCann
>>
>> It occurred to me the other day that almost all of those whom yanks/gringos
>> (if am I allowed to use such terms) call "hispanics" are actually mestizos,
>> and hence Native Americans. The immigration is really the indigenous
>> inhabitants taking their land back!
>> ===========================================
>> The verb 'mestizar' means 'to cross breeds of animals'. Thus, 'mestizo'
>> means someone of mixed heritage, although connotations do change. And so,
>> by definition, mestizos are not fully Native Americans, but are descended
>> both from them and from, presumably, Spanish ancestors. Perhaps your
>> statement that they are "taking their land back" is meant humorously. I
>> could accept that if it were the Pamunkey or the Mattaponi Indians who were
>> expanding in the Commonwealth of Virginia. However, there never were
>> "mestizo" Indians in Virginia, so the large number of Hispanic immigrants
>> here are doing just that, immigrating.
>> I hope that no one will interpret the preceding to mean that I am against
>> the immigration!
>>
>
> Wow. I've killed jokes before -- often deliberately -- but that was a bit
> much even for me. Yeah, for most ethnic groups that want to retake or
> return to their ancestral homeland, that desire is a bit misguided and
> often fueled by mythology more than history, but a joke's a joke. Besides
> that, many of the areas that have large Mexican immigration were once
> Mexican territory, so you could still -- jokingly, not taking it too
> seriously -- think of it as Mexicans taking back what was theirs. In fact,
> it's a pretty damn common bit of humor.
>
Messages in this topic (10)
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2.1. Re: USAGE: Good hair and bad hair.
Posted by: "Adam Walker" carra...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 12:16 pm ((PST))
Typical Hollywood ignorance about the South. While having a Yankee
ancestor is unfortunate, it would not disqualify her from membership
in the DOC. And having Jewish ancestry would be utterly irrelevant.
Over 10000 Southern Jews fought for the Confederacy and several Jews
held high government offices in the CSA as well as high ranks in the
army. Oh and Southern Jewish soldiers were free to practice their
faith while Northern Jewish soldiers found their army far less
accomodating.
Adam
On 12/18/12, Charles W Brickner <tepeyach...@embarqmail.com> wrote:
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Constructed Languages List [mailto:conl...@listserv.brown.edu] On
> Behalf Of George Corley
>
> That would be rather awkward, since "white pride" is often synonymous with
> "white supremacist". Of course, there have been prominent KKK members who
> later found out that they had a small amount of black ancestry.
> =============================================
>
> Those familiar with the American sitcom "Golden Girls" may remember the
> episode wherein Blanche, the southern belle, tried to enter an organization
> called the Daughters of the Confederacy. She was blackballed because one of
> her grandfathers was a Jew from Buffalo!
>
> Charlie
>
Messages in this topic (32)
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2.2. Re: USAGE: Good hair and bad hair.
Posted by: "George Corley" gacor...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 12:40 pm ((PST))
On Tue, Dec 18, 2012 at 2:16 PM, Adam Walker <carra...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Typical Hollywood ignorance about the South. While having a Yankee
> ancestor is unfortunate, it would not disqualify her from membership
> in the DOC. And having Jewish ancestry would be utterly irrelevant.
> Over 10000 Southern Jews fought for the Confederacy and several Jews
> held high government offices in the CSA as well as high ranks in the
> army. Oh and Southern Jewish soldiers were free to practice their
> faith while Northern Jewish soldiers found their army far less
> accomodating.
It's not a given that an organization would know this or care, even if it
has Confederacy in the title. My guess is that they were depicting the
group as being mildly white supremacist, and other white supremacist groups
(such as the KKK) will attack Jews as well as racial minorities.
Daughters of the Confederacy is a real group, by the way (
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Daughters_of_the_Confederacy).
Wikipedia says nothing about blocking Jewish members, so I'll presume they
probably don't as a rule. It's possible to imagine a local chapter doing
it -- in fact, if they indeed allow someone to be "black-balled" it would
only take one person's irrational prejudice to block someone. In the end,
I'm sure it's just a joke some writer didn't think too much about.
> On 12/18/12, Charles W Brickner <tepeyach...@embarqmail.com> wrote:
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Constructed Languages List [mailto:conl...@listserv.brown.edu] On
> > Behalf Of George Corley
> >
> > That would be rather awkward, since "white pride" is often synonymous
> with
> > "white supremacist". Of course, there have been prominent KKK members
> who
> > later found out that they had a small amount of black ancestry.
> > =============================================
> >
> > Those familiar with the American sitcom "Golden Girls" may remember the
> > episode wherein Blanche, the southern belle, tried to enter an
> organization
> > called the Daughters of the Confederacy. She was blackballed because
> one of
> > her grandfathers was a Jew from Buffalo!
> >
> > Charlie
> >
>
Messages in this topic (32)
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2.3. Re: USAGE: Good hair and bad hair.
Posted by: "Puey McCleary" pueymccle...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 1:45 pm ((PST))
Where Ive been growing up, good hair simply means hair
thats good in some context and bad hair just means hair thats bad in
some context. Its just like when one talks about good sugar cookies
and bad eggnog and the like.
Of course, here in Narnia where folk have hair, or
feathers, or scales, or the occasional tail, sometimes one has to guess
what exactly is meant by good hair. A hairdo that looks nice on a mouse
may look quite odd on a beaver.
Im told that theres a similar situation out in Oz, or at
least thats what the exchange students from Oz tell me. Princess Ozma
tells me that a good witch is beautiful and provides nice footwear for
the traveler, whilst a bad witch is ugly and threatens ones dog.
But lets get back to hair.
##
In the Khlìjha language we have many, many words to
describe hair. It gives us something to discuss when were not being
chased by Clockwork Automata or Rainbow Serpents. Some of these hair terms
are compounds, others appear to have a recognizable element to them, and
some of them I have not yet been able to analyze.
Qyìkhait simply means curly hair or wavy hair.
Tqìtlhu, tqìtlhung means those who have straight hair.
We have many different words for folk with differently
colored hair.
Fhtòsa, fhtòsar means brunettes, those who have brown
hair. Brown hair is quite common in the Winterlands, by the way.
Khwiîna, khwiînaim means those who are black of hair. This
hair color is considered quite exotic due to its rarity. Maidens who are
khwiîna are often compared to the xátar, that is, the night rose. Crown
Prince Puîyos has a cousin quite famed for having hair this dark.
Syòtang, syòtangim means those who are red of hair. Red
or reddish hair is often a sign of Noble Caste or of the Divine Family
itself, as all children know.
The term rosy haired or roseate haired one hears quite
a bit in Fairy tales, and these are all compounds: xhthaînkhusar,
xhthainkhusaîraru; sipeîngqesar, sipeingqesaîraru; lrestopfhìtlhetso,
khlólàswar.
Golden haired maidens are often descended from the War
Clans of Jaràqtu, and the different words for those who are golden of
hair are jìkhre, jìkhra; lweûswit, lweûswitim, and íxho. Theres also a
special word that means golden hair or tresses of golden hair: khniên,
khniêmu.
Some slightly vaguer terms are: fhùpasar, fhupasâraru;
xhámipfhìtlhetso, and xhiyóqàswar. They all mean those who are fair
haired, and so may refer to those who are golden or even silver of
hair. These
were common epithets for the holy Moon Empress Khnoqwísi whose hair was
silvery white.
Finally we come to wtsaungèfhtosa, wtsaungèfhtosar: green
haired maidens and wtsaungekhwiîna, wtsaungekhwiînaim blue haired
maidens. Green hair and blue hair, as we all know, are considered quite
desirable for wives and concubines.
Lets look at some hair words for men:
Tqalofhóro; peîsqru; qlúra, qlúras; jhyóya, jhyóyas;
khàlro, khàlroim are all words that mean those who have wispy hair, are
grey-haired.
And it should be noted that Crown Prince Puîyos father,
Sieur Íngìkhmar, was indeed named after the color íngìkhmar, íngìkhmu,
which means those who are melancholy blue, in honor of his rather blue
sky hair.
Now lets get to some fancier words.
Tuxhwapfhìtlhetso, khlòrfhasar, khlorfhasaîru, and
khmoîswar all mean those who have lovely hair, are lovely haired. Tis
most often used to describe Crown Princess Éfhelìnye.
In a similar vein she is sometimes described as
tserakhàpfheri, tserakhapfheîri; qaqwixayàrxa, qaqwixayaîrasu, and
thésanèxhneweir, all of which mean those who have curvy hair that
resembles the dawn.
And since her hair often appears as flame made up of all
the colors of the rainbow, sometimes tis described as ithùrpuru, which
basically just means iridescence, those who are iridescent, multicolored.
In contrast, Crown Prince Puîyos is often described as wtsé
or tsasyòswar or siltupfhìtlhetso, or khyáyosar, khyáyosaîraru, which mean
those who have floppy hair, are floppy haired.
It should be noted, however, that his hair is also
described as kutúqàtlheka, or pelquixhethàrlro, or thoxhersoxhetharlrúwa,
thoxhersoxhetharlrúwu, which mean those who have tresses that smell like
candy canes. For his rather melancholy blue hair does have a slight candy
cane odor to it.
I would advise you, however, that should you meet him, not
to lick his hair, no matter how tasty tempting that may seem. The Crown
Princess really doesnt like it when one licks her sweethearts hair.
She doesnt like it at all.
Messages in this topic (32)
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3a. respectively
Posted by: "Matthew Turnbull" ave....@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 12:21 pm ((PST))
I was wondering how other languages, natural or constructed handle matched
lists. In English they seem to be handled by the word respectively.
An example of what I'm talking about.
There were three houses, which were painted brown, blue and white
respectively.
Jim, Tom and Rebecca respectively took an apple, a pear and an orange. (Jim
took an apple, Tom took a pear and Rebecca took an orange.)
Messages in this topic (7)
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3b. Re: respectively
Posted by: "Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews" goldyemo...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 2:39 pm ((PST))
What's a matched list?
Emerging poet
Pen Name Mellissa Green
Budding novelist
tweet me
GreenNovelist
blog
www.theworldofyemora.wordpress.com
----- Original Message -----
From: "Matthew Turnbull" <ave....@gmail.com>
To: <conl...@listserv.brown.edu>
Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2012 3:21 PM
Subject: respectively
>I was wondering how other languages, natural or constructed handle matched
> lists. In English they seem to be handled by the word respectively.
>
> An example of what I'm talking about.
>
> There were three houses, which were painted brown, blue and white
> respectively.
> Jim, Tom and Rebecca respectively took an apple, a pear and an orange.
> (Jim
> took an apple, Tom took a pear and Rebecca took an orange.)
Messages in this topic (7)
________________________________________________________________________
3c. Re: respectively
Posted by: "Adam Walker" carra...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 2:46 pm ((PST))
A matched list is what he demonstrated twice in his email.
Adam
On 12/18/12, Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews <goldyemo...@gmail.com> wrote:
> What's a matched list?
> Emerging poet
> Pen Name Mellissa Green
> Budding novelist
> tweet me
>
>
>
> GreenNovelist
>
> blog
>
>
> www.theworldofyemora.wordpress.com
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Matthew Turnbull" <ave....@gmail.com>
> To: <conl...@listserv.brown.edu>
> Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2012 3:21 PM
> Subject: respectively
>
>
>>I was wondering how other languages, natural or constructed handle matched
>> lists. In English they seem to be handled by the word respectively.
>>
>> An example of what I'm talking about.
>>
>> There were three houses, which were painted brown, blue and white
>> respectively.
>> Jim, Tom and Rebecca respectively took an apple, a pear and an orange.
>> (Jim
>> took an apple, Tom took a pear and Rebecca took an orange.)
>
Messages in this topic (7)
________________________________________________________________________
3d. Re: respectively
Posted by: "Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews" goldyemo...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 2:59 pm ((PST))
Where things are equal? I'm confused.
Emerging poet
Pen Name Mellissa Green
Budding novelist
tweet me
GreenNovelist
blog
www.theworldofyemora.wordpress.com
----- Original Message -----
From: "Adam Walker" <carra...@gmail.com>
To: <conl...@listserv.brown.edu>
Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2012 5:46 PM
Subject: Re: respectively
>A matched list is what he demonstrated twice in his email.
>
> Adam
>
> On 12/18/12, Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews <goldyemo...@gmail.com>
> wrote:
>> What's a matched list?
>> Emerging poet
>> Pen Name Mellissa Green
>> Budding novelist
>> tweet me
>>
>>
>>
>> GreenNovelist
>>
>> blog
>>
>>
>> www.theworldofyemora.wordpress.com
>>
>>
>> ----- Original Message -----
>> From: "Matthew Turnbull" <ave....@gmail.com>
>> To: <conl...@listserv.brown.edu>
>> Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2012 3:21 PM
>> Subject: respectively
>>
>>
>>>I was wondering how other languages, natural or constructed handle
>>>matched
>>> lists. In English they seem to be handled by the word respectively.
>>>
>>> An example of what I'm talking about.
>>>
>>> There were three houses, which were painted brown, blue and white
>>> respectively.
>>> Jim, Tom and Rebecca respectively took an apple, a pear and an orange.
>>> (Jim
>>> took an apple, Tom took a pear and Rebecca took an orange.)
>>
Messages in this topic (7)
________________________________________________________________________
3e. Re: respectively
Posted by: "Matthew Boutilier" bvticvlar...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 3:01 pm ((PST))
it apparently means when you say "A, B, and C did X, Y, and Z" but you *mean
* "A did X, B did Y, and C did Z."
matt
On Tue, Dec 18, 2012 at 4:59 PM, Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews <
goldyemo...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Where things are equal? I'm confused.
>
> Emerging poet
> Pen Name Mellissa Green
> Budding novelist
> tweet me
>
>
>
> GreenNovelist
>
> blog
>
>
> www.theworldofyemora.**wordpress.com<http://www.theworldofyemora.wordpress.com>
>
>
> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Adam Walker" <carra...@gmail.com>
> To: <conl...@listserv.brown.edu>
> Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2012 5:46 PM
> Subject: Re: respectively
>
>
>
> A matched list is what he demonstrated twice in his email.
>>
>> Adam
>>
>> On 12/18/12, Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews <goldyemo...@gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>>
>>> What's a matched list?
>>> Emerging poet
>>> Pen Name Mellissa Green
>>> Budding novelist
>>> tweet me
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> GreenNovelist
>>>
>>> blog
>>>
>>>
>>> www.theworldofyemora.**wordpress.com<http://www.theworldofyemora.wordpress.com>
>>>
>>>
>>> ----- Original Message -----
>>> From: "Matthew Turnbull" <ave....@gmail.com>
>>> To: <conl...@listserv.brown.edu>
>>> Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2012 3:21 PM
>>> Subject: respectively
>>>
>>>
>>> I was wondering how other languages, natural or constructed handle
>>>> matched
>>>> lists. In English they seem to be handled by the word respectively.
>>>>
>>>> An example of what I'm talking about.
>>>>
>>>> There were three houses, which were painted brown, blue and white
>>>> respectively.
>>>> Jim, Tom and Rebecca respectively took an apple, a pear and an orange.
>>>> (Jim
>>>> took an apple, Tom took a pear and Rebecca took an orange.)
>>>>
>>>
>>>
Messages in this topic (7)
________________________________________________________________________
3f. Re: respectively
Posted by: "p...@phillipdriscoll.com" p...@phillipdriscoll.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 3:08 pm ((PST))
Consider the following sentence: Jim, Tom, and Rebecca respectively
took an apple, a pear, and an orange.
This sentence contains two lists. The first one is "Jim, Tom, and
Rebecca." The second one is "an apple, a pear, and an orange."
The word "respectively" means the two lists match up. That is, the
first item in the first list matches up with the first item in the
second list. The second item with the second item. The third item with
the third item.
Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews wrote:
>
> What's a matched list?
>
> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Matthew Turnbull":
>
> >I was wondering how other languages, natural or constructed handle matched
> > lists. In English they seem to be handled by the word respectively.
> >
> > An example of what I'm talking about.
> >
> > There were three houses, which were painted brown, blue and white
> > respectively.
> > Jim, Tom and Rebecca respectively took an apple, a pear and an
> orange. > (Jim
> > took an apple, Tom took a pear and Rebecca took an orange.)
Messages in this topic (7)
________________________________________________________________________
3g. Re: respectively
Posted by: "Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews" goldyemo...@gmail.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 3:19 pm ((PST))
Got it.
Emerging poet
Pen Name Mellissa Green
Budding novelist
tweet me
GreenNovelist
blog
www.theworldofyemora.wordpress.com
----- Original Message -----
From: <p...@phillipdriscoll.com>
To: <conl...@listserv.brown.edu>
Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2012 6:08 PM
Subject: Re: respectively
Consider the following sentence: Jim, Tom, and Rebecca respectively
took an apple, a pear, and an orange.
This sentence contains two lists. The first one is "Jim, Tom, and
Rebecca." The second one is "an apple, a pear, and an orange."
The word "respectively" means the two lists match up. That is, the
first item in the first list matches up with the first item in the
second list. The second item with the second item. The third item with
the third item.
Nicole Valicia Thompson-Andrews wrote:
>
> What's a matched list?
>
> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Matthew Turnbull":
>
> >I was wondering how other languages, natural or constructed handle
> >matched
> > lists. In English they seem to be handled by the word respectively.
> > An example of what I'm talking about.
> > There were three houses, which were painted brown, blue and white
> > respectively. Jim, Tom and Rebecca respectively took an apple, a pear
> > and an
> orange. > (Jim
> > took an apple, Tom took a pear and Rebecca took an orange.)
Messages in this topic (7)
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4. Sangari elements and chemical history
Posted by: "Herman Miller" hmil...@prismnet.com
Date: Tue Dec 18, 2012 3:45 pm ((PST))
I've been thinking some more about the Tirelat names for elements and
the history of Sangari chemistry. In ancient times, the Sangari would
have had names for what they considered basic or pure substances, much
like the Greek elements. But there were more of them, and each element
could have more than one form. The obvious example is water, which can
freeze to ice and melt back to liquid water. Unlike English, which uses
the word "water" for the classical element and the liquid, the Tirelat
word "kiÅ" (ice) is the word used for the classical element. Liquid
water is considered to be a distinct form of the same element.
Another ancient element which is considered to have multiple forms is
"kihvi", which in the modern language is "quartz", but has a more
general meaning of "crystal" in the classical element system. Generally,
all silicate minerals are thought of as containing "crystal", which is a
pretty good guess, and opal is correctly identified as a combination of
"crystal" and "water" (kiÅkihvi). Diamond, on the other hand, was
incorrectly considered a very pure form of "crystal". When silicon is
eventually discovered, its name is derived from the word for "quartz".
For now I'll call it "kivës".
I'm thinking that the -ës suffix might be frequent in element names in
Tirelat, like -on or -um in English. So, instead of "penda" for
"antimony", the basic meaning of "penda" is "kohl" or "stibnite", and
"antimony" the element is "pendas" (dropping the -ë after a vowel).
Metal, or "tër", is considered a classical element. When it's discovered
that different metals are actually different elements, many of them get
names based on "tër". Hafnium for instance is "igjatër", which basically
means "concealed metal".
Another of the classical elements is "žyġa", which means "goo".
Basically hydrocarbons, or gooey organic stuff in general.
Distinctly colored things were considered as containing distinct
elements: probably sulfur for yellow, but not sure about the other
colors. Perhaps copper would have been associated with green, but more
likely copper would be seen as a form of gold. (Metallic copper, like
gold, would be seen as yellow, and even silver has a yellowish tint to
Sangari eyes which can see into the ultraviolet range.)
Electricity, "kajta", is considered as an element. It is associated with
lightning and sparks, but not magnetism.
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