Aaron,
Since I do not understand your situation, I am not sure this will be
helpful.  
I like Paul's suggestion, if you are able to modify the sand content.  There
are things you could mix with the sand that would harden after the
impression, making it cast-able.
If not, your choices will be limited.  If the purpose of choosing a
water-based solution is so that it can be easily reversible afterwards,
water-based solutions will probably always disrupt the sand by way of the
chemical nature of the water (surface tension, etc).  I suggest using a
consolidant that is soluble in both water and other solvents.  For instance,
Aquazol is soluble in a variety of solvents as well as water, so that you
could spray-apply the consolidant dissolved perhaps in acetone, and then let
the weather wash away the consolidant afterwards.  You would have to
experiment to see which solvent would disrupt the sand the least  (probably
the least polar).  You would also have to consolidate to a great enough
depth (probably by repeated misting to harden the surface, followed by
saturation?), otherwise the skin of hardened sand will continue to stick to
the casting...just more of it!    
If you don't need the hardened sand to be water-soluble afterwards, there
are other consolidants that can be used in non-polar solvents (such as
Acryloid B-67 in Naphtha)  that might penetrate the sand without causing
disruption.
Another possibility would be to use a separating layer of some kind.  I
wonder if cyclododecane in solution could be atomized to lay down a thin
layer without disturbing the sand?  This then could act as a thin, rigid
barrier which could be volatilized off the cast along with the adhering sand
later.  I am pretty sure molten cyclododecane would destroy the impression
you seek to cast.  Of course you will lose the sandy texture that way, but
not sure this is important?
Just random thoughts concerning your query without comprehending any of the
parameters!
Linda R

Linda S. Roundhill
Art and Antiquities Conservation, LLC
www.conservation-arts.com
425-481-0720

-----Original Message-
Message: 8
Date: Wed, 6 Feb 2019 15:57:14 -0500
From: "Aaron G. Beebe" <[email protected]>
To: [email protected]
Subject: [Consdistlist] Consolidating Sand
Message-ID:
        <camnb1r_sxpzdsdjd+z85kzmfqxcsh+y-wwcu1yuae+n2atf...@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"

Hi List.

Longtime lurker, first time poster here.

I'm working on a project for a robotics research team that involves taking
casts from patterns in a bed of sand. We've been experimenting with methods
for preserving and stabilizing the surface layer of the sand so that it
doesn't adhere to the cast, but we haven't found one that does the job
without disrupting the sand. Does anyone have experience with a (preferably
water-based) surface treatment and/or method for consolidating a sandy
surface?

Looking forward to a rich discussion about this!

Thanks.

-- 
Aaron G. Beebe
aaronbeebe.net




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