-----Original Message-----
From: Clifford M Dubery <
To: Lloyd Miller <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Monday, April 19, 1999 8:17 AM
Subject: Victims of Vaccines: Gulf War Syndrome
New Scientist: 10 April 1999 page 5 www.newscientist.com
Victims of Vaccines
An unlicensed ingredient may have made Gulf veterans ill.
Byline: Deborah MacKenzie
A FATTY substance originally isolated from sharks could explain Gulf War
Syndrome. Blood tests on sick veterans in the US show that nearly all
produce antibodies to squalene, a component of some experimental vaccines.
Congress's General Accounting Office (GAO), which was asked to investigate,
can't say for sure whether squalene was used on Gulf War troops. But it is
now demanding further tests for squalene antibodies in military personnel.
The Department of Defense is opposed to this.
Around 100,000 troops who served in the 1991 Gulf conflict with Iraq
developed a mysterious illness involving memory loss, thyroid disorders,
allergies, fatigue, rashes and persistent pain. Military authorities and
sufferers have long argued over the cause of the symptoms and whether a
distinct syndrome even exists.
Bob Garry, a virologist at Tulane University in New Orleans, has now tested
400 Gulf War veterans for antibodies to squalene, a polymer of fatty acids
found in small quantities in human cell membranes. Ninety-five per cent of
the veterans suffering from Gulf War syndrome (GWS) had high levels of
squalene antibodies. People don't usually have enough squalene in their
blood to prompt the production of detectable levels of antibodies, and none
of the veterans without symptoms had antibodies. Garry's results have been
peer reviewed, he says, and await publication.
Squalene can be released into the blood by physical injuries, where it
boosts the immune system's response to foreign antigens. This "adjuvant"
effect means it is widely used in animal vaccines. Squalene is not licensed
for use as an adjuvant in people, although it has been used experimentally
on about 12,000 people.
Garry also tested two volunteers who had received experimental herpes
vaccines containing squalene in trials run by the US National Institute of
Health. Both have high levels of squalene antibodies and symptoms similar
to GWS. This suggests that GWS could be caused by the body turning against
its own, natural squalene.
Jim Turner, a spokesman for the Department of Defense, says: "During the
Gulf War, we never used squalene in vaccines." But many soldiers'
vaccination records have been lost, which makes this difficult to verify.
Jack Metcalf, a Republican member of Congress from Washington state, who
asked the GAO to investigate, says: "In light of the number of misstatements
DoD made to the GAO during this investigation, we cannot be expected to
simply accept their denial of squalene use."
Vaccines have often come under suspicion as a cause of GWS. Gulf War
soldiers were the first to be systematically vaccinated against anthrax and
plague because Iraq was thought to have biological weapons. France was the
only country not to vaccinate its troops, and only French veterans are free
of GWS. In January, researchers at King's College Hospital in London
reported that exposure to plague and anthrax vaccines was a factor that
correlated most strongly with GWS in British veterans. GWS activists claim
that some British soldiers received American vaccines.
GWS has also been blamed on exposure to chemicals in Iraq. But Garry found
squalene antibodies in six soldiers were vaccinated but never went to the
Gulf.
The Gulf War Veterans Association, based in Versailles, Missouri, suspects
that most cases of GWS were caused by experimental vaccines. If so, says
the association's Dave vonKleist, this would violate the Nuremberg
Convention. "Military personnel are not subjects for experimentation," he
says.
With compliments Clifford M Dubery, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Formerly [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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