-Caveat Lector-

 http://search.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WAPO/
 19990707/V000048-070799-idx.html


 US Wants Mercury Out of Vaccines

 By Lauran Neergaard
 AP Medical Writer
 Wednesday, July 7, 1999

 WASHINGTON (AP) -- The government is about to ask
 manufacturers to remove from vaccines a type of mercury used
 as a preservative since the 1940s, citing concern that small
 infants now need so many immunizations that they may get too
 much of the chemical, The Associated Press has learned.

 Parents should not worry -- or delay getting their children
 properly vaccinated -- because the move concerning the
 preservative thimerosal is strictly a precaution, vaccine
 experts said.

 "While our immunization practices to date are safe, we have
 the opportunity to increase that margin of safety," said Dr.
 Louis Z. Cooper, a Columbia University professor and member
 of the board of directors of the American Academy of
 Pediatrics.

 "It is essential that children continue to receive all
 vaccines according to currently recommended schedules," added
 Surgeon General David Satcher. "The risk of devastating
 childhood diseases from failure to vaccinate far outweighs
 the minimal, if any risk, risk of exposure to cumulative
 levels of thimerosal in vaccines."

 Thimerosal is an organic form of mercury also commonly found
 in eyedrops and contact-lens solutions -- not the same type
 of mercury that causes poisonings during industrial
 accidents.

 Thimerosal is effective at preventing bacterial contamination
 of certain vaccines. It isn't needed in all vaccines,
 including those made of live viruses, but it is present in
 vaccines against hepatitis B, whooping cough, diphtheria,
 tetanus and bacterial meningitis.

 The thimerosal levels in any one shot are tiny.

 But ensuring those levels stay low is important because very
 high amounts of mercury may cause brain damage.

 Late last month, the government notified vaccine experts that
 if infants younger than 6 months receive a number of
 thimerosal-containing vaccines during the same doctor's
 visit, the thimerosal levels could add up enough that small
 babies might temporarily hit the Environmental Protection
 Agency's precautionary limit on mercury exposure.

 The EPA's limit is well below the mercury level the Food and
 Drug Administration and other health agencies consider
 dangerous, an official familiar with the issue told the AP.

 Still, because doctors want to avoid as much mercury as
 possible, the FDA is about to tell vaccine manufacturers to
 replace thimerosal with other preservatives, said the
 official, who spoke on condition of anonymity.

 In addition, the American Academy of Pediatrics is preparing
 its own precautionary recommendation: That if new mothers are
 proven to be free of the liver virus hepatitis B, their
 newborns can safely postpone getting a hepatitis B vaccine
 until they're a few months older. When babies are older and
 bigger, the mercury amounts are too small to have an effect,
 explained Dr. Jon Abramson of Wake Forest University, the
 academy's infectious disease chairman.

 "We think the vaccines are safe and we don't want parents to
 worry, but if you're going to worry about anyone, it's a very
 small, premature baby," he explained.

 Most pregnant women today are tested for hepatitis B. Mothers
 with the disease have a 90 percent chance of infecting their
 new babies, so those infants need the vaccine at birth or in
 the first few weeks of life, Abramson stressed.

 How quickly vaccine manufacturers will find substitutes for
 thimerosal is in question. A spokesman for one, SmithKline
 Beecham Pharmaceuticals, called it "premature for us to
 comment."


  � Copyright 1999 The Associated Press





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