-Caveat Lector-
This is interesting..."CLEARFIELD RICE"
If they get this into RICE seed, then what will happen?
As I take it, this is spearheaded by American Cyanamid.
Here is the memo I was sent: I am in the Farming/Seed Industry.
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What is a GMO and a non-GMO ?
GMO = Genetically Modified Organism
* The herbicide tolerance trait in Cyanamid's Clearfield* rice
crop is derived from a naturally occurring resistant line developed,
identified, and patented at the LSU Ag Center by Dr, Tim Croughan using
traditional and enhanced breeding techniques. Because they contain NO
foreign genetic material ( DNA ) they are considered NON-GMO... So
Clearfield rice is a Non GMO...This was discovered in 1993 by Tim
Croughan at LSU . He found a single rice plant in a haystack of millions
that showed after application of IMI the plant could break down the
active ingredient
* Any plant derived from a process whereby foreign DNA is inserted
into the genome of the plant is considered a genetically modified
organism or GMO...
What production changes will we see with this new technology that will
give the farmer more flexibility from the start of the growing season...
1. Mudding it in may go the way of the dinosaurs.
Discontinuing the practice of trying to bury red rice seed in flooded
fields has a lot of benefits. When the farmer puts his equipment into
the field and works in the water, that's the worse thing you can do with
a tractor due to reducing the life of everything on the tractor..
2. When chemical control of red rice arrives, growers will
be able to choose water seeding or dry seeding and put more money on
the bottom line.. In Southwest Louisiana, Water seeding costs 5% more
and yields are reduced by 5% ;
farmers use roughly 100 lbs of seed with drill seeding and
150 lbs of seed with water
seeding.
3. Flexibility in application of herbicides with Clearfield
rice is another plus. Right now we have a narrow window when most of our
herbicides are applied. For example, Propanil must be applied when the
weeds are very small and re-flooded within a 3-5 day period to maintain
grass control...On Clearfield rice, growers will make a Premerge or
Preplant soil application and the residual control will give the
producer a month or more to apply the sequential treatment of
Clearfield* herbicide (with or without a tank-mix partner depending on
weed spectrum). The application of a pre-plant incorporated or
pre-emerge followed by a pre-flood application ( 4 to 5 leaf rice) is
likely to give the best weed control. So far in the research we have
seen, you will get 85% control of red rice and most weeds and grasses
with just the preplant or premerge application and then the preflood
application will finalize your weed control plus reduce the possibility
of cross pollination of red rice. The weak areas in weed control have
been sedges, coffeebean, and joint vetch but different tank mixes have
been giving us good control. In 1999, an extensive research program is
being conducted by State Universities and Cyanamid's researchers on the
herbicide rate, application timing, climatic influences, soil type
influences, and the weed control spectrum.
4. This flexibility will give you better use of your
irrigation investments - With Propanil, you need to flood up within 3
days, whereas with Clearfield, you've got the next few weeks. So a well
that formerly could have flooded up 200 acres in 3 days can now flood
600 acres in 9 days and not have red rice or grass....You can hold off
pumping water and allow rainfall to supply part of your irrigation
needs. If growers could cut well use by 1/3, they could save $ 15 to $
20 per acre...
5. Herbicide resistant rice technologies could potentially
reduce insecticide treatments for rice water weevil. Delaying flood and
relying on chemical weed control could keep rice water weevil larvae
from damaging seedling roots. If you delay flood for 2 or 3 weeks, you
can get the same effect as if you applied a treatment of Furadan.
6. Control of red rice could change crop rotation and
expand rice acreage. It could enable farmers with certain soil types to
have greater flexibility. We have about 3 million acres of rice in the
U.S. but we have 6 million acres of land that is suitable for rice. At
least ½ of that 6 million acres is in soybeans or another crop each
year...Instead of rotating to another crop, rice growers could rotate to
another type of herbicide resistant rice - they could rotate between
Clearfield rice, Liberty Link rice, and Roundup Ready rice.
QUESTIONS and ANSWERS
ABOUT
CLEARFIELD* RICE
How will Cyanamid manage the distribution of CLEARFIELD* Rice ?
Cyanamid is working closely with public university rice seed breeding
programs for the development of IMIDAZOLINONE TOLERANT "CLEARFIELD*"
RICE . However, there are many challenges regarding the integration of
public rice seed varieties and private patented technology and the
marketing of value-added rice seed to assure proper stewardship and
technology protection. Cyanamid has signed an exclusive U.S. agreement
with Horizon Ag, LLC to provide the development and marketing conduit
necessary to meet these challenges. Horizon Ag, LLC provides Cyanamid
the rice seed expertise to assure that CLEARFIELD* RICE seed increase
and distribution are managed in the best possible manner. This
innovative approach will provide a unique opportunity for industry and
public entities to work closely together for the timely advancement of
rice seed technology.
Horizon Ag will manage the production of registered CLEARFIELD* RICE
from seed provided by university breeding programs. Through their
ORYGEN(tm) seed marketing system, Horizon Ag will market the registered
CLEARFIELD* RICE seed to the producer/processor channel that exists
today, provided the producer/processor can meet the standards to assure
quality and proper technology stewardship. These "Authorized
Producer/Processors" will manage the seed increase process from
registered seed to certified seed, and sell rice producers certified
CLEARFIELD* RICE seed under a "Technology Stewardship Agreement".
Through this unique arrangement with Horizon, CLEARFIELD* RICE will be
widely available to all authorized producers, processors and seed
dealers.
Who is Horizon Ag, LLC
Horizon Ag, LLC, based in Memphis, TN, is a joint venture of six (6)
major seed rice companies located in the mid-south & California. G & H
Seed Co., Inc. of Crowley, Louisiana; Jimmy Sanders, Inc. of Cleveland,
Mississippi; Stratton Seed Company of Stuttgart, Arkansas; and Lawhon
Farm Services, Inc. of McCrory, Arkansas; Farmers Rice Cooperative of
Sacramento, California; and DePue Warehouse Company, Inc. of Williams,
California.
The Managing Partners have been Michael Hensgens with G & H Seed and
David Jones with Farmers Rice Cooperative...
1. These companies formed Horizon Ag, LLC to assist the timely
introduction of technology to the market through a coordinated effort
that would benefit the rice industry.
2. These companies are committed to the future of the seed rice
business because seed rice is an essential part of their own businesses.
These companies have made a substantial investment of time and resources
in Horizon Ag, LLC in order that the rice industry and consequently
their own businesses may benefit and prosper.
3. Horizon recognized that rice is a relatively small, fragmented
market (3.5 million acres U.S.) when compared to corn and soybeans, and
as such would not be attractive to technology companies to focus
resources and timely efforts on.
4. Horizon recognized the challenges that patented traits and
technologies present to public institutions that currently distribute
the initial seed rice variety releases. Patent infringement and the
enforcement of patent rights would be required of public institutions on
its constituents. This is not a direction that public institutions wish
to pursue. That being the case, technology companies would not market
technologies through public systems where a portion of the value of the
technology could not be returned to the company. The alternative would
be for a private company to set up their own rice research, development,
and marketing. The result would be a hiring away of public institution
rice researchers and a market where private companies with value added
products would compete with public institutions marketing non-value
added varieties. The ORYGEN(tm) seed marketing system seeks to utilizes
and maintain the structure of the public rice research institutions.
5. The public institutions are constantly facing challenging
financial and budget battles through state and university
appropriations. The ORYGEN(tm) seed marketing system allows for a
portion of the selling price of technology enhanced "certified" seed to
be returned to the public institution to assist in the financing of
future technologies that will benefit the rice industry. This coupled
with the rice growers "check-off" funding and the technology companies
research and development grants will promote even quicker innovations
for the rice industry.
6. Currently, ALL State Universities involved in rice breeding have
had the IMI tolerant parent made available to them. University breeding
programs are at various stages with IMI tolerant rice and they can
provide better details on what they are currently doing...
Any University that develops a variety with this IMI resistance
will be compensated thru Royalties...
How will Clearfield* rice be distributed?
Commercial rice growers will purchase Clearfield* rice seed from seed
dealers who currently supply them seed today. It can be a seed dealer
who has or does not have a processing plant. The Initial supply of
Registered seed will be allocated to Authorized Producer/ Processors,
who will be required to follow certain protocol in production and
processing to insure the integrity of this technology.
How will the price of Clearfield* rice seed be set? By whom?
The "registered seed" will be the first seed sold by Horizon Ag, LLC, to
"Authorized Producer Processors". The price for this "registered seed"
will be set at a "fair market value" per unit based on the cost of
production from "breeder seed" through winter nurseries and "registered
seed" production. All pricing of "certified seed" to growers will be by
the individual authorized seed dealer making the sale, without
restriction or control from Horizon Ag, LLC...
When will the first Registered Clearfield* rice seed be available?
It is anticipated that the first registered seed will be available for
spring planting in 2001. The initial variety selection will be made in
August of 1999. We expect two (2) lines to be selected. The quantities
are expected to be approximately 14,000 acres of registered seed of each
variety ( total of 28,000 acres ) and 65,000 acres of certified seed of
each variety ( total of 130,000 acres ). Please be aware, these are
projections as of this date. All projections are subject to change with
research, testing and weather influences.
*********************************************************
Scary.
Kilgore
"Behold the turtle.
He only makes progress when he sticks his neck out".
- James Bryant Conant
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