From:

http://www.worldnetdaily.com/bluesky_smith_news/20000731_xnsof_navy_picks.shtml

Navy picks U.S. team over Russia Orbital Sciences wins supersonic
target missile contract

By Charles Smith


The U.S. Navy has selected U.S. space and defense contractor
Orbital Sciences to supply a new Supersonic Sea-Skimming Target
missile, or SSST, passing over a Russian-built missile purchased
by Boeing.

Orbital's business development senior manager Michael J. Bender
credits the Navy victory, in part, to the company's management
strategy for an "all-American team."

"We teamed with Atlantic Research and Raytheon, creating an
all-American team to eliminate any geopolitical risk and avoid
dependency on foreign-based contractors," emphasized Bender in an
interview from Orbital's facility in Arizona.

Orbital Sciences beat a combined team of U.S. defense contractor
Boeing and Russian missile maker Zvezda, which had proposed an
extended-range version of the MA-31 target drone, a variant of
the Zvezda Kh-31 anti-radar missile. Boeing currently provides
the MA-31 to the U.S. Navy under a multi-year contract with the
Russian defense ministry.

Orbital Sciences is slated to receive $34 million to develop and
build six of the new target missiles for testing. The contract
could grow to $110 million with production and support options.

"We did not do a lot of marketing outside of the Navy procurement
channels," noted Bender, stressing that Orbital, Atlantic
Research and Raytheon engineers working on a low-risk,
high-performance SSST concept played a significant role in the
contract victory.

"This is very good news for Orbital and for the Navy," said
Bender. "We have been pursuing this contract for two years. We
followed the same design approach we use in our tactical
ballistic missile simulator, low-risk, low-cost designs to take
advantage of existing inventories and available technologies."

Bender added, "We plan to use retired standard missile boosters
to boost the target to ramjet take-over speed. The Atlantic
Research variable-flow ducted ramjet utilizes advanced solid fuel
technology. The SSST ramjet is a robust design based on a
straightforward four-inlet configuration. The [Atlantic Research]
ramjet engine and inlet design combination lowers both the risks
and costs associated with high-speed cruise missiles."

The new Orbital target missile is intended to simulate what is
seen as the number one threat to U.S. warships: the Russian-made
Raduga 3M82 Moskit supersonic cruise missile. Russia recently
supplied the Moskit missile on the first of two warships sold to
the Chinese navy. According to the U.S. Naval Institute, each
8,480-ton Russian navy project 956A Sovremenny destroyer built
for China is armed with eight Moskit supersonic sea-skimming
missiles.

In July, the General Accounting Office issued a report titled
"Comprehensive Strategy Needed to Improve Ship Cruise Missile
Defense." The General Accounting Office concluded that U.S. Navy
warships are vulnerable against the new supersonic class of
cruise missiles.

"Although the Navy has made some progress in improving surface
ship self-defense capabilities, most ships continue to have only
limited capabilities against cruise-missile threats," states the
General Accounting Office report. "A Navy assessment of current
surface ship self-defense capabilities conducted in 1998
concluded that only the 12 Whidbey Island and Harpers Ferry-class
amphibious ships have or will be equipped with defensive systems
that can provide measurable improvement against near- and
mid-term cruise-missile threats.

"Current anti-ship cruise missiles are faster, stealthier, and
can fly at lower altitudes than the missiles that hit the U.S.S.
Stark in 1987, killing 37 sailors," states the report. "The next
generation of anti-ship cruise missiles -- most of which are now
expected to be fielded by 2007 -- will be equipped with advanced
target seekers and stealthy design. These features will make them
even more difficult to detect and defeat."

The General Accounting Office concluded that "none of the
improvements the Navy plans to make in the future would provide
any ship class a high level of self-defense capability against
far-term threats."

In 1999, WorldNetDaily reported that a Clinton administration
deal with Moscow had left the U.S. Navy without a means to
simulate the supersonic anti-ship missile threat. In September
1999, the SSST project ended eight years of study without a
selection, leaving the Navy without a means to test its
multi-billion dollar AEGIS missile air-defense system.

The move not to issue a contract in 1999 was considered a victory
for the Russian Zvezda-Strela State Scientific Industrial Center,
maker of the MA-31 supersonic target missile. An Aug. 31, 1999,
letter to Sen. Richard Lugar, R-Ind., issued by Navy
Undersecretary H. Lee Buchanan, claimed that the Navy would only
purchase a "limited number" of the Russian-made systems.
According to official U.S. Navy statements, the Zvezda MA-31
target drone cannot duplicate the Moskit performance.

Each Zvezda MA-31 missile reportedly cost the U.S. Navy almost a
million dollars. Navy officials disputed that figure, however,
providing cost information showing that, for a limited purchase
of three units, each missile actually cost over $1.3 million
dollars. The price falls to $721,000 each if the U.S. Navy
elected to purchase 20 MA-31 missiles from Russia.

There also are open allegations of illegal payments made to
Russian generals through the Zvezda project. A January 1999
article published in Janes Defense noted that each MA-31 missile
included a kickback to the Russian military of over a quarter
million dollars. The official response prepared on Dec. 17, 1999,
by Navy freedom of information officers George W. Griffith and
Cole Cartledge noted that the Zvezda missile project is not being
monitored for Russian corruption.

"The prime contractor with McDonnell Douglas, now a wholly owned
subsidiary of The Boeing Company, does not include, and is not
required to include, any clauses specifically addressing the
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act," states the Navy response.

The newly selected air-breathing ramjet design from Orbital
Sciences has the growth potential to install a warhead and be
fielded as a new supersonic weapon. Supersonic cruise missiles,
such as the Russian 3M82 Moskit and Yahont, have so far not
appeared in the arsenals of Western armed forces.

Instead, U.S. and European programs are concentrating on slower
subsonic stealth missiles such as the new U.S.A.F. JASSM. JASSM
missiles are reportedly capable of avoiding the newly deployed
Russian SA-10C Grumble surface-to-air defense missile. The Air
Force JASSM stealthy cruise missile is not slated to begin
production until 2002 and costs nearly a million dollars a copy.

"I think the U.S. and Europe know what they are doing, so I am
not surprised at all at the different approach," stated a highly
placed source in the Russian defense industry. "These supersonic
missiles fly just above the surface of the water, relying on the
screen phenomena created between objects flying so low to
surface. I don't think the Yahont or Moskit lack any stealth
technologies."

U.S. Navy officials openly stated that a weapon version of the
Orbital target drone is a possible follow-on. Orbital officials,
however, are keenly aware that the previous U.S. Navy Supersonic
Low-Altitude Target program failed in part because it was
diverted into an unsuccessful effort to modify the target into a
weapon.

"Our complete focus is on the SSST," stressed Bender. "Our team
is fully committed to move the supersonic target from development
to deployment phase. The Navy will finally get their SSST."


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