-Caveat Lector-

February 7, 2001

Study Says Disabled Would Lose Benefits Under New Social Security
Plan

By ROBERT PEAR
New York Times

ASHINGTON, Feb. 6 � People with disabilities would lose income and
benefits under the major proposals to revamp Social Security by creating
individual investment accounts, a new government study said today.

The disabled account for 17 percent of Social Security beneficiaries �
about 7.5 million of the 45 million recipients � but have received little
attention in the national debate over the future of the program.

President Bush has said he wants to let workers put some of their Social
Security payroll taxes into personal investment accounts, but at the same
time he has championed the rights of people with disabilities.

The new study, by the General Accounting Office, an investigative arm of
Congress, concludes that "even under the best of circumstances, Social
Security reform proposals would reduce benefits" for people with
disabilities.

For a worker with average earnings who first receives disability benefits at
the age of 45, the report said, the reduction in lifetime benefits would be in
the range of 4 percent to 18 percent. The average benefit for disabled
workers is now $786 a month.

"Most disability insurance beneficiaries would be adversely affected by the
reform proposals," the office said in a report to Senator Tom Harkin,
Democrat of Iowa.

Proposals for individual investment accounts are often paired with
proposals that would reduce Social Security benefits, compared with the
amounts payable under existing laws. Advocates of such private accounts
say the income from investing in stocks and bonds would largely offset the
reductions in benefits.

That might be true for some or even many retirees. But the General
Accounting Office said, "Income from the individual accounts was not
sufficient to compensate for the decline in the insurance benefits that
disabled beneficiaries would receive" under the major proposals.

Under many of the proposals, the study said, disabled workers would
receive less income from individual accounts than retirees because the
disabled typically have shorter work histories and would have less time to
accumulate money in their accounts.

In an interview, Mr. Harkin, the chief sponsor of the Americans With
Disabilities Act of 1990, said: "This report is a wake-up call to policy
makers, to all of us in Congress. Social Security is not just about
retirement. It's also about protecting people who are wiped out by accident
or illness that leaves them disabled. You can plan your retirement, but you
can't plan for disability. It can happen to anyone at any time.

"Before we reform Social Security," Mr. Harkin said, "we better stop and
think about people with disabilities because they are among the most
vulnerable in society."

Michael Tanner of the Cato Institute, a major advocate of individual
investment accounts, said he had not closely analyzed the effects on
people with disabilities.

One of the proposals for individual accounts was offered in 1999 by
Representatives Jim Kolbe, Republican of Arizona, and Charles W.
Stenholm, Democrat of Texas. An aide to Mr. Kolbe said today that the
congressman was revising his bill to address concerns about the reduction
in benefits for people with disabilities.

"We realize that a person who is permanently disabled at the age of 25
may have only five or six years to accumulate money in a personal
account," the aide said.

The General Accounting Office said the major proposals for Social
Security, by reducing benefits, would probably increase the costs of a
separate program that provides cash assistance to low-income people
with disabilities � Supplemental Security Income.

More than 30 percent of the people receiving disability benefits have
mental impairments. Such impairments could, in some cases, limit their
ability to make wise investment decisions.

Quincy S. Abbot of West Hartford, Conn., said, "Take the case of my
daughter, Rebecca," who is 38 years old and has an I.Q. of 40 to 50. "I
can't imagine someone like her making the investment choices she'd have
to make if she had a separate investment account," Mr. Abbot said.

Most disabled people on Social Security, including disabled workers,
receive cash benefits from the disability insurance program. But some in
their 20's and 30's, who have been disabled since childhood, receive
assistance through the old-age and survivors insurance program, as
dependents of retired workers.


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