http://www.utoronto.ca/csus/pm/manifest.htm



[Asaf Oron, a Sergeant Major in the Giv'ati Brigade, is one of the

original� 53 Israeli soldiers who signed the "Fighters' Letter" declaring that from
�now on they will refuse to serve in the Occupied territories.� He is
signer� #8 and one of the first in the list to include a statement� explaining his
�action.� My sense is that his statement comes as close as possible to
being� the refuseniks' manifesto, given the loose structure of the group and
their� insistence on independent, individual responsibility.� Below is my
�translation of Oron's statement.� Read it, and you will no longer be
�surprised by the amazing response to the soldiers' initiative (251 signers
�as of February 17, 2002).--Ami Kronfeld]

Asaf Oron's statement

On February 5, 1985, I got up, left my home, went to the Compulsory
Service� Center on Rashi Street in Jerusalem, said goodbye to my parents, boarded
the� rickety old bus going to the Military Absorption Station and turned into a
soldier. �

Exactly seventeen years later, I find myself in a head to head
confrontation� with the army, while the public at large is jeering and mocking me from
the� sidelines.� Right wingers see me as a traitor who is dodging the holy war
�that's just around the corner.� The political center shakes a finger at me
�self-righteously� and lectures me about undermining democracy and
�politicizing the army.� And the left? The square, establishment,
"moderate"� left that only yesterday was courting my vote now turns its back on me as
�well.� Everyone blabbers about what is and what is not legitimate,
exposing� in the process the depth of� their ignorance of political theory and their
�inability to distinguish a real democracy from a third world regime in the
�style of Juan Peron. �

Almost no one asks the main question: why would a regular guy get up one
�morning in the middle of life, work, the kids and decide he's not playing
�the game anymore?� And how come he is not alone but there are fifty. I beg
�your pardon, a hundred. beg your pardon again, now almost two hundred
�regular, run of the mill guys like him who've done the same thing? �

Our parents' generation lets out a sigh: we've embarrassed them yet again.
�But isn't it all your fault?� What did you raise us on? Universal ethics
and� universal justice, on the one hand: peace, liberty and equality to all.
And� on the other hand: "the Arabs want to throw us into the sea,"� "They are
all� crafty and primitive.� You can't trust them." �

On the one hand, the songs of John Lennon, Pete Seeger, Bob Dylan, Bob
�Marely, Pink Floyd.� Songs of peace and love and against militarism and
war. On the other hand, songs about a sweetheart riding the tank after sunset
in the field: "The tank is yours and you are ours." [allusions to popular
Israeli songs - AK].� I was raised on two value systems: one was the
ethical� code and the other the tribal code, and I na�vely believed that the two
�could coexist. �

This is the way I was when I was drafted.� Not enthusiastic, but as if
�embarking on a sacred mission of courage and sacrifice for the benefit of
�society.� But when, instead of a sacred mission,� a 19 year old finds
�himself performing the sacrilege of violating human beings' dignity and
�freedom, he doesn't dare ask - even himself - if it's OK or not.� He
simply acts like everyone else and tries to blend in.� As it is, he's got enough
�problems, and boy is the weekend far off. �

You get used to it in a hurry, and many even learn to like it.� Where else
�can you go out on patrol - that is, walk the streets like a king, harass
and� humiliate pedestrians to your heart's content, and get into mischief with
�your buddies - and at the same time feel like a big hero defending your
�country?� The Gaza Exploits became heroic tales, a source of pride for
Giv' ati, then a relatively new brigade suffering from low self esteem. �

For a long time, I could not relate to the whole "heroism" thing.� But
when, as a sergeant, I found myself in charge, something cracked inside me.
�Without thinking, I turned into the perfect occupation enforcer.� I
settled� accounts with "upstarts"� who didn't show enough respect.� I tore up the
�personal documents of men my father's age.� I hit, harassed, served as a
bad example -� all in the city of Kalkilia, barely three miles from grandma
and grandpa's home-sweet-home.� No.� I was no "aberration." I was exactly the
�norm. �

Having completed my compulsory service, I was discharged, and then the
first Intifada began (how many more await us?)� Ofer, a comrade in arms who
�remained in the service has become a hero: the hero of the second Giv'ati
�trial.� He commanded� a company that dragged a detained Palestinian
�demonstrator into a dark orange grove and beat him to death.� As the
verdict stated, Ofer was found to have been the leader in charge of the whole
�business.� He spent two months in jail and was demoted - I think that was
�the most severe sentence given an Israeli soldier through the entire first
�Intifada, in which about a thousand Palestinians were killed.� Ofer's
�battalion commander testified that there was a order from the higher
�echelons to use beatings as a legitimate method of punishment,� thereby
�implicating himself.��� On the other hand, Efi Itam, the brigade
commander,� who had been seen beating Arabs on numerous occasions, denied that he ever� gave such an order and consequently was never indicted.� Today he lectures
�us on moral conduct on his way to a new life in politics. (In the current
�Intifada, incidentally, the vast majority of incidents involving
Palestinian� deaths are not even investigated. No one even bothers.) �

And in the meantime, I was becoming more of a civilian.� A copy of The
�Yellow Wind [a book on life in the Occupied Territories by the Israeli
�writer David Grossman, available in English -AK] which had just come out,
�crossed my path.� I read it, and suddenly it hit me.� I finally understood
�what I had done over there.� What I had been over there. �

I began to see that they had cheated me: They raised me to believe there
�was� someone up there taking care of things.� Someone who knows stuff that is
�beyond me, the little guy.� And that even if sometimes politicians let us
�down,� the "military echelon" is always on guard, day and night, keeping
us safe,� each and every one of their decisions the result of sacred
necessity. Yes, they cheated us, the soldiers of the Intifadas, exactly as they had
�cheated the generation that was beaten to a pulp in the War of Attrition
and in the Yom Kippur War, exactly as they had cheated the generation that
sank deep into the Lebanese mud during the Lebanon invasions.� And our parents'
�generation continues to be silent. �

Worse still, I understood that I was raised on two contradictory value
�systems.� I think most� people discover even at an earlier age they must
�choose between two value systems: an abstract, demanding one that is no
fun� at all and that is very difficult to verify, and another which calls to
you� from every corner - determining who is up and who is down, who is king and
�who - pariah, who is one of us and who is our enemy.� Contrary to basic
�common sense,� I picked the first.� Because in this country the
�cost-effective analysis comparing one system to another is so lopsided, I
�can't blame those who choose the second. �

I picked the first road, and found myself volunteering in a small,
�smoke-filled office in East Jerusalem, digging up files about deaths,
�brutality, bureaucratic viciousness or simply daily harassments.� I felt I
�was atoning, to some extent, for my actions during my days with the
Giv'ati brigade.� But it also felt as if I was trying to empty the ocean out with
a teaspoon. �

Out of the blue, I was called up for the very first time for reserve duty
in the Occupied Territories.� Hysterically, I contacted my company commander.
�He calmed me down: We will be staying at an outpost overlooking the Jordan
�river.� No contacts with� the local population is expected.� And that
indeed was what I did, but some of my friends provided security for the Damia
�Bridge terminal [where Palestinians cross from Jordan to Israel and vice
�versa - AK].� This was in the days preceding the Gulf War and a large
number of Palestinian refugees were flowing from Kuwait to the Occupied
Territories (from the frying pan into the fire).� The reserve soldiers - mostly right
�wingers - cringed when they saw the female consscripts stationed in the
�terminal happily ripping open down-comforters and babies' coats to make
sure� they didn't contain explosives. I too cringed when I heard their stories,
�but I was also hopeful: reserve soldiers are human after all, whatever
their� political views. �

Such hopes were dashed three years later, when I spent three weeks with a
�celebrated reconnaissance company in the confiscated ruins of a villa at
the outskirts of the Abasans (if you don't know where this is, it's your
�problem).� This is where it became clear to me that� the same humane
reserve soldier could also be an ugly, wretched macho undergoing a total
regression back to his days as a young conscript.� Already on the bus ride to the
Gaza strip, the soldiers were competing with each other: whose "heroic" tales
of murderous beatings during the Intifada were better (in case you missed
this point: the beatings were literally murderous:� beating to death).� Going
on patrol duty with these guys once was all that I could take.� I went up to
�the placement officer and requested to be given guard duty only.
Placement officers like people like me: most soldiers can't tolerate staying inside
�the base longer than a couple of hours. �

Thus began the nausea and shame routine, a routine that lasted three tours
�of reserve duty in the Occupied Territories: 1993, 1995, and 1997.� The
�"pale-gray" refusal routine.� For several weeks at a time I would turn
into a hidden "prisoner of conscience," guarding an outpost or a godforsaken
�transmitter on top of� some mountain, a recluse.� I was ashamed to tell
most of my friends why I chose to serve this way.� I didn't have the energy to
�hear them get on my case for being such a "wishy washy" softy.� I was also
�ashamed of myself: This was the easy way out.� In short, I was ashamed all
�over.� I did "save my own soul."� I was not directly engaged in
�rongdoing� -� only made it possible for others to do so while I kept
guard. Why didn't I refuse outright?� I don't know.� It was partly the pressure
to conform, partly the political process that gave us a glimmer of hope that
�the whole occupation business would be over soon.� More than anything, it
�was my curiosity to see actually what was going on over there. �

And precisely because I knew so well, first hand, from years of experience
�what was going on over there, what reality was like over there, I had no
�trouble seeing, through the fog of war and the curtain of lies, what has
�been taking place over there since the very first days of the second
�Intifada.� For years, the army had been feeding on lines like "We were too
�nice in the first Intifada," and "If we had only killed a hundred in the
�very first days, everything would have been different."� Now the army was
�given� license to do things its way.� I knew full well that [former Prime
�Minister] Ehud Barak was giving the army free hand, and that [current
Chief of Staff] Shaul Mofaz was taking full advantage of this to maximize the
�bloodshed. �

By then, I had two little kids, boys, and I knew from experience that no
�one - not a single person in the entire world - will ever make sure that
my� sons won't have to serve in the Occupied Territories when they reach 18.
No one, that is, except me.� And no one but me will have to look them in the
�eye when they're all grown up and tell them where dad was when all that
�happened.� It was clear to me:� this time I was not going. �

Initially, this was a quiet decision, still a little shy, something like
"I am just a bit weird, can't go and can't talk about it too much either."
But as time went by, as the level of insanity, hatred, and incitement kept
�rising, as the generals were turning the Israeli Defense Forces into a
�terror organization, the decision was turning into an outcry: "If you
can't see that this is one big crime leading us to the brink of annihilation,
then something is terribly wrong with you!" �

And then I discovered that I was not alone.� Like discovering life on
�another planet. �

The truth is that I understand why everyone is mad at us.� We spoiled the
�neat little order of things.� The holy Status Quo states that the Right
�holds the exclusive rights to celebrate the blood and ask for more.� The
�role of the Left, on the other hand, is to wail while sitting in their
�armchairs sipping wine and waiting for the Messiah to come and with a
single wave of his magic wand make the Right disappear along with the settlers,
the Arabs, the weather, and the entire Middle East.� That's how the world is
�supposed to work.� So why are you causing such a disturbance?� What's your
�problem?� Bad boys! �

Woe to you, dear establishment left!� You haven't been paying attention!
�That Messiah has been here already.� He waved his magic wand, saw things
�aren't that simple, was abandoned in the midst of battle, lost altitude,
and finally was assassinated, with the rest of us (yes, me too)� watching from
�the comfort of our armchairs.� Forget it.� A messiah doesn't come around
�twice!� There is no such thing as a free lunch. �

Don't you really see what we are doing,� why it is that we stepped out of
�line?� Don't you get the difference between a low key, personal refusal
and an organized, public one? (and make no mistake about it, the private
refusal is the easier choice.)� You really don't get it?� So let me spell it out
for you. �

First, we declare our commitment to the first value system.� The one that
is� elusive, abstract, and not profitable.� We believe in the moral code
�generally known as God (and my atheist friends who also signed this letter
�would have to forgive me - we all believe in God, the true one, not that
of the Rabbis and the Ayatollahs).� We believe that there is no room for the
�tribal code, that the tribal code simply camouflages idolatry, an idolatry
�of a type we should not cooperate with.�� Those who let such a form of
idol worship take over will end up as burnt offerings themselves. �

Second, we (as well as some other groups who are even more despised and
�harassed) are putting our bodies on the line, in the attempt to prevent
the� next war.� The most unnecessary, most idiotic, cruel and immoral war in
the� history of Israel. �

We are the Chinese young man standing in front of the tank.�� And you?� If
�you are nowhere to be seen, you are probably inside the tank, advising the
�driver. �

Asaf Oron

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