...

...as always when new cyclists join the coWs for rides, 
there are group cycling rules and etiquette that will 
always enhance the experience if one is already familiar
with them.  Here is a link and some brief tips:
http://www.bikeradar.com/fitness/article/technique-the-secrets-of-group-road-riding-28701

If you are a new rider and have ridden w/ the coWs feel free
to give our group some feedback as to what we can do to help 
make your rides more fun and a learning experience for you.
I apologize for promoting a 'b' ride and not being there, but....
dang them white pick-ups, ---> back in da saddle ~1-2wks.
Thanks so much to the coWs who did  a great job w/ so many new 
riders this past weekend.  Thanks  jimD and moderate(sure) bobL, etal.


Technique: The secrets of group road riding
By Triathlon Plus/Eamonn Deane
[image: Successful group riding looks spectacular but it’s a skill that 
takes 
practice]<http://www.bikeradar.com/gallery/article/technique-the-secrets-of-group-road-riding-28701?img=1&pn=technique-the-secrets-of-group-road-riding&mlc=fitness%2Fin-depth%2Farticle>

Successful group riding looks spectacular but it’s a skill that takes 
practice (Lionel Bonaventure/AFP/Getty Images) )
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   - [image: Signal for 
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   - [image: Signal for parked 
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Group riding looks spectacular when you see the professionals doing it in 
the Tour de France, with only a few millimetres between each rider’s wheels. 
The pros make it look easy, but it’s a skill that takes practice.

Protection from the wind and reduced air resistance can give a power saving 
of 15 percent for the following rider, though, so it makes good sense to 
master this technique. Let's face it, we all know a three-hour training ride 
can turn into a bit of a slog and banging into a headwind is no fun.

When you’ve mastered the skills of riding on a wheel, you can ride hard, 
then drop back and recover while someone else takes their turn on the front. 
Training in this way lets you develop leg speed and endurance without the 
muscle damage that’s a risk when you ride hard on your own.

Riding close on a wheel can be a little daunting if you’re not used to it, 
but with practice you’ll find yourself riding faster, with less effort, 
making your training more productive. Master the techniques first before you 
start to increase the speeds. Whether it’s just two or 12 cyclists, the 
principle is the same. Get yourself into a line, one rider behind the other, 
and build up the speed. The rider on the front then swings to one side, 
eases up slightly and waits for all the riders in the line to pass, then 
drops in behind the last person.

In a large group, turns on the front are short – maybe only a few metres – 
while a smaller group requires longer turns. Ride calmly, keeping the gap in 
front of you as small as you can. Initially, you’ll instinctively keep the 
gap big, but as you gain confidence the gap will reduce.

Your front wheel shouldn’t overlap the wheel you’re following. Ride at a 
consistent speed and avoid any unnecessary braking or sudden change of 
direction that could take your fellow riders by surprise. Try to keep your 
pace smooth on climbs and descents, as changes in speed will force the other 
riders to brake or catch back up. 

When it comes to your turn on the front, don’t accelerate, since this will 
break the rhythm, and the rider dropping to the back will have to sprint to 
get back on the group. The aim is to keep the group speed constant, even if 
you’re working harder because of the wind resistance.

If there’s a crosswind, it’s best for the line of riders to fan out across 
the road, each one taking offset shelter from the rider in front. This is 
called an echelon and it’s only really possible on closed roads, but you can 
try it out with a small group.

All the riders should give visual and verbal warnings of hazards because 
it’s not so easy to spot dangers when you’re in a tight group. Some of these 
are listed below:

*Bike speak*

*1. “Taking your turn”*

Where you spend time on the front of a group of cyclists. You do your fair 
share of work hard and then drop to the back.

*2.“Through and off”*

Group riding where everyone takes it in turns on the front, before peeling 
off and going to the back of the line.

*3. “On the rivet” *

An old term for riding at maximum effort, leaning forward, perched on the 
end of the saddle just on the point where old leather saddles were riveted 
to the rails.

*4. “Half wheeling”*

The quickest way to lose friends. The guy riding next to you is half a wheel 
ahead of you, so you catch up with him and he moves on half a wheel again. 
It’s very annoying and it disrupts the whole group.

*5. “Sitting up”*

Means what it says: you’ve done your bit and that’s it, so sitting up in the 
saddle is a signal to other riders that you’ve had enough.

*6. “Getting dropped”*

The pace is so high you can’t hold the wheel and you start to drift off the 
back of the group.

*7. “Car up”*

Generally shouted from the front of the group, warning riders of oncoming 
traffic.

*8. “Car back”*

The guys at the back alert the pace line to traffic from behind.

*The sign language of cycling*

 When riding in a group, warning each other of potential hazards is 
essential. The following riders will have less time to see them or react to 
changing road conditions, so communication in the group is very important. 
Riders will react to the wheel in front so the lead rider should be alert to 
every situation.

[image: Signal for potholes:]

*1. Signal for potholes*

Potholes can cause punctures, damage wheel rims, buckle wheels, break spokes 
and even cause a rider to crash. The rider in front should shout a warning 
and point to the hazard. Use your left hand if passing on the outside of the 
hole, right hand if passing on the inside.

[image: Signal to come through:]

*2. Signal to come through *

It can get so comfy sitting on someone’s wheel that the lead rider sometimes 
has to encourage the rider behind to take his turn on the front. A stern 
flick of the elbow gets the message across – you’ll have seen riders use 
this in races such as an ITU World Championship triathlon race.

[image: Signal to slow down:]

*3. Signal to slow down*

Whether approaching a T-junction, traffic signals, pedestrians or perhaps a 
horse and rider, the lead cyclist must alert those following that he’s 
stopping. Give a verbal warning and an angled outstretched arm with palm 
facing downwards, indicating that you’re slowing down.

[image: Signal for parked car:]

*4. Signal for parked car *

Always warn each other of hazards, especially parked cars but also roadworks 
or slower cyclists. If you’re the lead rider, fold your left arm behind your 
back and indicate to move over to the right with a wave of your hand. 
(Switch arm for hazards on the right.)..

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