In Step-21 tutorial, we have a statement that starts with the following 
(emphasis is mine):

*"Given the saddle point structure of the first two equations and their 
similarity to the mixed Laplace formulation we have introduced in step-20 
<https://dealii.org/developer/doxygen/deal.II/step_20.html>"*

It would be helpful if someone could explain the saddle-point structure of 
the problem (and/or point to some easily readable online resources).  
Before coming to this Step-21 tutorial, I have gone through Step-20 
tutorial wherein again the saddle-point nature of the problem is not 
explained.  In fact, it is entirely glossed over:

*"It is a well-known fact stated in almost every book on finite element 
theory that if one chooses discrete finite element spaces for the 
approximation of u,p inappropriately, then the resulting discrete 
saddle-point problem is instable and the discrete solution will not 
converge to the exact solution."*

I acknowledge that the deal.II tutorials is not intended to educate the 
user on such theory.  However, it is generally helpful to have one or two 
sentences explaining the saddle-point nature of the problem and or point to 
accessible online resource(s).

I have also finished watching Lecture 33.25 a couple of times which 
discusses saddle-point problems, but even this feels a bit too high-level 
to me i.e. all the important details are skipped. For example, the PDE is 
posed as an energy minimization problem without explaining why (the 
specific words being *"where exactly this step from here to here comes from 
is not terribly important, but if you will believe me that I can rewrite 
this equation in this form, now....."*), and the rest of the lecture (the 
inf/sup LBB condition) is also a bit too mathematical for me. 

I apologise upfront and would like to clarify that I mean no disrespect to 
either the tutorial authors or Prof Bangerth. Together you have created a 
mountain of phenomenal quality work which I am thankful for.  However, I'd 
really appreciate if there was some "simple test" or practical advice to 
determine whether our own PDEs and DAEs belong to the saddle-point category 
or not, i.e. how to detect the presence of saddle-point nature of the PDEs, 
just simulate with Qp elements and look for a checkerboard pattern in the 
results?  

Regards,
Krishna

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