I got it. Thank your, sir! By the way, does deal.ii accept personal 
donation? I want to support this wonderful project.
在2021年5月24日星期一 UTC+8 下午11:37:36<Wolfgang Bangerth> 写道:

> On 5/21/21 7:37 PM, 沈键 wrote:
> > Thanks for your reply, sir. I'm new to FEM and for some concepts, I 
> don't have 
> > clear understanding. I still have some problems:
> > > Then you would want to compute the projection of d/dx u_h into this 
> space via
> > (phi_i, grad_x) = (phi_i, d/dx u_h)
> > -------------------------------------
> > Is u_h means finite element method solution? If I'm right, how to 
> understand 
> > `(phi_i, grad_x) = (phi_i, d/dx u_h)`? Why they are 
> > equal?
>
> Yes, u_h is the solution for which you want to output the gradient.
>
> I should have chosen a different name than grad_x. I didn't mean this to 
> be 
> the gradient operator, but a function that corresponds to d/dx u_h. Let me 
> call this function gx, then you want to solve the problem
> (phi_i, gx) = (phi_i, d/dx u_h) for all shape functions phi_i
> and similarly if you want to output a continuous version of d/dy u_h, 
> you'd 
> solve for a function gy that satisfies
> (phi_i, gy) = (phi_i, d/dy u_h) for all shape functions phi_i
>
> If you expand gx as
> gx(x) = \sum_j GX_j phi_j(x)
> then the problem you are trying to solve is
> (phi_i, gx)
> = \sum_j (phi_i,phi_j) GX_j
> = (phi_i, d/dx u_h)
> where M_ij = (phi_i,phi_j) is the mass matrix.
>
> Best
> W.
>
> -- 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Wolfgang Bangerth email: [email protected]
> www: http://www.math.colostate.edu/~bangerth/
>
>

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