Per Olofsson is right. The "auto" statement in /e/n/i makes S:S40networking bring up the interface referred to. This is appropriate for interfaces on built-in hardware whose drivers are loaded and fully initialized prior to S:S40networking and that should be ifup'ped at boot and not ifdown'ed until shutdown.
(In practice, this means interfaces for which hotplug can't be used or which are required in order for initscripts later in the boot sequence to work. In the latter case only synchronous configuration methods can be used. I think that all ifup methods are synchronous other than ppp and wvdial.) Interfaces that should be brought up only when connected to a live network must be controlled in some other way and should not be marked "auto". Interfaces that are brought up by hotplug should not be marked "auto". Interfaces that are brought up by cardmgr should not be marked "auto". If an interface is not marked "auto" and is not to be left under manual control then it needs to be configured by some other mechanism: either by waproamd or by ifplugd; or by hotplug; or by waproamd started by hotplug or by ifplugd started by hotplug; or by cardmgr. All these mechanisms are enabled in different ways. I'll ignore ifplugd and waproamd for now since they are optional and only semi-maintained. Currently the hotplug mechanism is disabled by default and the cardmgr mechanism is enabled by default, but of course only for 16 bit PCMCIA cards. In current kernels hotplug is called for 16 bit PCMCIA cards as well as for 32 bit cards. Thus the default action of cardmgr's helper script /etc/pcmcia/network, which is to run ifup/ifdown, is not needed any more. I think that pcmcia-cs should ship with an /etc/pcmcia/network script that does nothing by default. The installer should enable the hotplug mechanism for all interfaces on PCMCIA cards. That means listing those interface names on "map" lines in the "mapping hotplug\n\tscript grep" stanza. All other interfaces should be marked "auto". -- Thomas -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]

