ReneEnjilian opened a new pull request, #2271:
URL: https://github.com/apache/systemds/pull/2271

   ### Purpose
   Upgrade the GPU backend to the latest NVIDIA software stack:
   
   - CUDA 12.6
   - cuSPARSE 12 
   - cuBLAS 12 
   - cuDNN 9
   
   ### What Changed
   
   **1. Dependencies:** 
   
   - Removed every jcuda-apple entry from pom.xml (CUDA support for macOS ended 
with toolkit 10.2).
   - Updated jcuda 10.2.0 to version 12.6.0.
   
   **2. Code:**
   
   - Replaced or rewrote functions that used CUDA, cuSPARSE, or cuDNN APIs now 
deprecated or removed in the 12.x / 9.x series.
   
   ### Notes
   
   - No Apple GPU build is possible after this upgrade (CPU backend remains 
unaffected).
   - All changes were developed and tested against these exact versions: CUDA 
12.6.85, cuSPARSE 12.5.4, cuBLAS 12.6.4, and cuDNN 9.10.1.
   - Deprecated calls were replaced strictly according to NVIDIA’s official 
porting guides in the documentation; the additional setup code you see (e.g., 
new descriptors, longer pipelines, etc.) is the expected overhead described in 
those documents and is therefore correct.
   
   ### Next Steps
   We still rely on JCuda as the Java–CUDA bridge. Now that the backend runs on 
the newest NVIDIA toolchain, the logical next phase is to replace JCuda with 
our own JNI bindings. Because JCuda itself is only a thin JNI wrapper, the 
migration is conceptually straightforward—essentially re-exposing the functions 
we actually use—but it will take time to:
   
   - Generate a minimal JNI layer for the required CUDA / cuSPARSE / cuBLAS / 
cuDNN calls.
   
   - Add build scripts to compile the native library on Linux and Windows.
   
   - Incrementally swap JCuda classes for the new binding with tests at every 
step.
   
   The payoff is full control over versioning and fewer external dependencies 
once the work is complete.
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   


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