On Thursday, 30 August 2018 at 11:45:00 UTC, Joakim wrote:
(Quoting from the article I think).
Kuhn and Lakatos. Paradigm shifts don't take place when the
dominant paradigm is defeated by logical or empirical means.
Paradigm shifts take place when for some reason people say
"how about we stop talking about that, and start talking about
this instead".
Not sure why you'd call that anything other than defeat. :)
FWIW, it's the point of Lakatos's work: he argues that a paradigm
can't be defeated by logical or empirical means. It takes zero
effort to not do anything, so status quo is easily maintained.