On 2015-11-03 20:51, dev1fanboy wrote: > Quick start guide to uprading to Devuan and configuring minimalism. > > There are a lot of people talking about minimalism in Devuan and some > may be wondering if they can upgrade to Devuan. The answer is yes, you > can upgrade to Devuan right now and expect it to work with few if any > problems in the stable branch - which is not yet announced stable but > is clearly a lot better than alpha quality as you might have heard > mentioned on devuan.org. I am currently putting in a little research > before writing a more full guide to upgrading, installing and getting > more minimalism out of Devuan. Hopefully I will be starting a wiki for > all this info and more to go into in the near future, but for now I > want to just put it out there for people trying to upgrade their > current system or get more minimalism in their system. > > Let's get started. > > > 1) Upgrading Debian to Devuan Stable (aka Jessie 1.0) > > You can upgrade to Devuan Jessie 1.0 from either Debian Wheezy or from > Debian Jessie. For other branches you are on your own for now, and I > suggest avoiding upgrades to Devuan testing (ascii) for now until after > the official stable release. > > First simply open a terminal and type: > > user@debian:~$ sudo -s > > Enter your user password. > > Or if sudo is not available: > > user@debian:~$ su > > Enter your root password. > > Now we can continue with the upgrade. You need to edit the sources.list > configuration file so that apt will be getting packages only from the > devuan mirror (there is just one for now): > > root@debian:~# nano /etc/apt/sources.list > > Comment out ALL current lines in your sources.list and add the Devuan > mirror with the Jessie (stable) branch. This is roughly how it should > look: > > #deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian wheezy main > deb http://packages.devuan.org/merged jessie main > > Now we need to get the devuan keyring from the repoistory so we can > authenticate packages: > > root@debian:~# apt-get update > root@debian:~# apt-get install devuan-keyring > > Many people coming over to Devuan will be hoping to escape the web of > systemd in the process - if this is your choice you need to specify > your init system now before you proceed. I will be using sysvinit in > this example as it is what I have tested - systemd init will be removed > if present: > > root@debian:~# apt-get install sysvinit-core > > The base-files package will be installed automatically in the case of > an upgrade from Debian Wheezy, but it has been reported that this > package will need to be selected manually when upgrading from Jessie. > Either way we can do this now: > > root@debian:~# apt-get install base-files > > Start the system upgrade with: > > root@debian:~# apt-get dist-upgrade > > Depending on your connection speed it could take a while, grab yourself > a drink. > > Once finished you will be using Devuan GNU/Linux 1. > > Do some optional cleaning up: > > root@devuan:~# apt-get autoremove --purge > root@devuan:~# apt-get autoclean > > The first command will remove any 'orphaned' dependencies from your > previous install including unwanted configurations for those packages. > I highly recommend this because it's good security practice. The second > command clears up all cached packages except for those that are > installed on the running system, reclaiming a little disk space. > > Now you should simply reboot so that you are using the kernel shipped > with Devuan: > > root@devuan:~# reboot > > If in the upgrade process gnome was removed do not panic, the reason > for this is it depends on systemd and you have opted for sysvinit. The > default desktop environment in Devuan is XFCE: > > root@devuan:~# apt-get install xfce4 > > Check that you can start your desktop environment: > > root@devuan:~# su - username > user@devuan:~$ startxfce4 > > If it all works you can add a display manager safely for when you next > reboot: > > root@devuan:~# apt-get install slim > > > 2) Configure minimalism in the system > > Thanks to a tip given to me by a fellow minimalist from #debianfork > (unnamed for now until I talk to them) you will be able to debloat your > system in a very neat way. This is completely optional and may be done > either before or after the upgrade. We are going to configure apt to > ignore all 'recommended' packages in Debian/Devuan as the majority of > these often will not make sense to be there. There are some exceptions > where recommends should definitely be installed and we will take care > of this as well. > > First use an editor to make the necessary changes: > > root@devuan:~# nano /etc/apt.conf.d/01lean > > Add the following lines: > > APT::Install-Suggests "0"; > APT::Install-Recommends "0"; > APT::AutoRemove::SuggestsImportant "false"; > APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant "false"; > > Press the Ctrl and X keys together to save and quit. > > Now we are going to retroactively remove all recommended packages, > along with any suggests you may have pulled in. Adjust the above > accordingly to your needs if you still want either suggests or > recommends. Before proceeding we will protect the ca-certificates > package from getting removed along with isc-dhcp-common if it is > installed. The ca-certificates package contains ssl certificates from > certificate authorities and naturally you will want this for any system > where you will be using a browser (if you don't know then you need it). > The isc-dhcp-common package takes care of automatic network > configuration via dhcp on boot (see man 5 interfaces), if you don't > know what this means then you need this package too. > > root@devuan:~# apt-get install ca-certificates isc-dhcp-common > > This will manually select these packages and they will now not be > removed. If you are asked to configure the ca-certificates package by a > dialog screen you should answer to always trust new certificates > authorities to avoid having to manually select them. > > Now all that needs to be done is remove the packages we have opted out > of: > > root@devuan:~# apt-get autoremove --purge > > The now 'orphaned' recommends and suggests will be retroactively > removed, cutting away some fat. Unused configuration files for those > packages will also be removed. Check the list of packages to be removed > before proceeding and make notes of packages you are sure you want to > keep so you can install them later (man apt-get for details). > > Some optional cleaning up: > > root@devuan:~# apt-get autoclean > > Unwanted archives will be removed from the package cache, if any. > > > 3) What about removing dbus? > > Sadly XFCE depends on dbus and so do many other packages, there will be > several solutions to removing dbus but you may have to compromise a > bit. > > A quick list of window managers that do not depend on dbus with > suggestions from a couple of #debianfork regs: > > fluxbox > blackbox > openbox > fvwm > fvwm-crystal > icewm > > For a graphical browser I suggest iceweasel, you might also like: > > epiphany > links2 > dillo > > For example: > > root@devuan:~# apt-get install fluxbox bbkeys menu iceweasel > root@devuan:~# apt-get purge dbus > > Check the list of packages to be purged carefully before proceeding to > ensure you really want to do this. > > Login to your user account, set your WM in the xinit file and start the > X server: > > root@devuan:~# su - user > user@devuan:~$ echo "exec fluxbox" > .xinitrc > user@devuan:~$ startx > > You can now login by the console each time at boot and type startx. > Information on display managers will come later, for now you should do > some research if you need this. > > In the process of removing dbus you might have noticed the gvfs package > being removed which is used for USB automounting, this is expected as > it depends on dbus. A simple alternative to USB auto-mounting is to put > your user in the disk group and set the possible mount points in fstab. > You will then be able to mount your USB disks with ease. Further > information may appear here after a little research on the topic of > auto-mounting and graphical file managers. > > root@devuan:~# adduser yourusername disk > root@devuan:~# cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup > root@devuan:~# nano /etc/fstab > > At the bottom of the fstab simply add the following: > > /dev/sdb1 /media/usb0 auto user,noauto 0 0 > /dev/sdc1 /media/usb1 auto user,noauto 0 0 > > An important thing here is that 'user' mode is set as it allows your > user to mount the disk where usually only root can do that. The > 'noauto' option specifies the filesystem will not be mounted at boot. > See man 5 fstab and man mount for more details. > > This is based on a single hard disk system. Your mount points may be > different, if so you will need to adapt this if /dev/sdb1 or /dev/sdc1 > are already in use in the fstab. If everything is correct hit Ctrl and > X together to save and exit. > > Now create the mountpoints: > > root@devuan:~# mkdir /media/usb0 > root@devuan:~# mkdir /media/usb1 > > You should now plug in your usb drive(s) and test that it works: > > user@devuan:~$ mount /media/usb0 > user@devuan:~$ mount /media/usb1 > > When done unmount: > > user@devuan:~$ umount /media/usb0 > user@devuan:~$ umount /media/usb1 > > > -- > > > There you have it, a retro style Devuan install that wouldn't be out of > place before systemd, dbus and other madness became the trend for > GNU/Linux. > > As you might have noticed It's a very smooth upgrade to Devuan in the > here and now, not much different if you simply upgraded your Debian > system. With a little more work you can get a reasonably minimal system > as well and remove dbus if you want to. > > > Enjoy Devuan! > > ~~ > > dev1fanboy > _______________________________________________ Dng mailing list [email protected] https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
After the reboot (half way through the instructions), those with a Wifi
network card won't be able to continue (install xfce4, and so on...)
because they won't be in x-windows anymore, and the network-manager app
needs x-windows to work, ergo, no internet connection :(
- Re: [DNG] Quick start guide to uprading to Devuan and conf... Patrice Remy
- Re: [DNG] Quick start guide to uprading to Devuan and... dev1fanboy
- Re: [DNG] Quick start guide to uprading to Devuan... Florian Zieboll
- Re: [DNG] Quick start guide to uprading to Devuan and... Hendrik Boom
