On Fri, 22 May 2009 02:38:59 -0000, "fb38052286" <[email protected]>
said:
> I know that with a D-star repeater, the repeater cannot have the same
> callsign as the owner's and one needs to get a frequency pair from the
> repeater council.  I read over the application from the repeater
> council's site and it asks for the repeater's callsign.  Should I get a
> callsign for the repeater from the fcc first, then apply with the
> repeater council?  

The local frequency coordination body is mainly concerned with exactly
that... frequency coordination.  If you're putting up a repeater, you
probably already have an idea if you're in a densely populated area
where there are few of the limited number of repeater frequency pairs
available on the band you desire to set up your repeater, or you know
there's room... long before you think about becoming a repeater
owner/operator.

The order in which you do things isn't CRITICAL, but there are some
show-stoppers.  First what you need is a CLUB callsign.  The FCC has a
few rules about those -- individuals can't apply for them by themselves.
 It doesn't HAVE to be a vanity call, just a separate club call.

As far as the council goes... what they always desire is COMMUNICATION
from prospective users of the limited repeater spectrum.  They also
usually want the communication to be CONCISE.  Tell them ALL of the
information they request in their forms, remain polite, and all that.

The question as to "what should I do first" is best answered if we have
some kind of idea where you live.  If you're in Downtown Los Angeles,
and you're planning on a VHF repeater... we'll all laugh and tell you
"good luck"... see ya later.

If you're in farm country in a fly-over State... different story.

> Also, should I have all the equipment gathered for the
> repeater and it ready to go before doing this or can it be done ahead of
> time.  I know that the RC gives you a six month period to get the
> repeater online, but I'm not sure if there's something similar with the
> fcc.  

Our local group's club call was issued very rapidly, and then they
wanted to pay for a vanity of W0CDS (W0-Colorado D-STAR) and that took a
few more weeks.  We decided to wait until the callsign was finalized
prior to installing the system, since D-STAR repeaters have to be
programmed with the callsign, and so does the Gateway server if you're
going to provide Internet access at your repeater site and link to the
rest of the D-STAR world with a Gateway.

> If anyone has done this before, what kind of things will the fcc
> ask?  If anyone has a link to the application/information page for the
> fcc to get a callsign (hopefully vanity) for an upcoming D-star repeater,
> that would be very helpful for me.  I tried looking but didn't find what
> I was looking for.

We've ALL done it before.  :-)  Look up Club callsign application
requirements on the FCC site.  Once you have the club call, then use the
vanity process and pay the extra money to switch it.

Reading your note... I'm far more concerned about something else... is
this your first repeater?  The reason I ask is there are a number of
things you MUST understand to build a D-STAR repeater that works well...
and the main one being... CHEAP ham-quality antennas, feedline, and
filters (duplexers) just simply won't cut it... because you CAN'T test a
D-STAR repeater easily for desense and other problems like you can HEAR
when an analog repeater "goes bad".  If you're not familiar with
WELL-BUILT analog FM repeaters already, I can't more highly than YELLING
in e-mail HIGHLY HIGHLY HIGHLY recommend that you find an Analog FM
repeater-building ELMER to help with this process.

The NUMBER ONE MISTAKE I see is hams who look at the list price of
something called a "repeater" and think that's it... that's the price to
start my own repeater.  In D-STAR, the repeaters are only about HALF the
cost of a properly built repeater system with *brand new* RF components.
 If you have access to COMMERCIAL QUALITY used antennas, hardline,
connectors, lightning protection, power supplies, and duplexers from a
source other than buying brand new, you can save a LOT of money -- but
most folks I see buying a brand new repeater (D-STAR or otherwise)
who've never built one before do NOT have those commercial industry
connections, and MUST buy new.  

I don't know how many Analog FM systems I've run into over the years
that are running on cheap Amateur grade antennas, poor quality lossy
feedline, and the cheapest "mobile" duplexer they could find on eBay,
who are SHOCKED when you hook up some test gear and tell them their
repeater would have MILES more range if they didn't have 10dB or more of
desense from the low-quality components they built the RF/antenna system
with.  That or they're blown up in the first lightning strike because
they've never seen or researched how to properly protect a radio system
that CAN'T be unplugged in a lightning storm, because it's on a mountain
20 miles away.

So... with all that said... D-STAR is *harder* in some respects than
your first analog FM repeater.  You CAN'T measure it's performance
properly... the first announced commercial service monitor (test gear)
for D-STAR isn't due out until next month and it's going to cost more
than $10K for those lucky enough to see one in their area of the
country...  so you can put up a D-STAR repeater, and find it DISAPPOINTS
you greatly because it won't even cover where a similar Analog FM system
does... if you're not putting the right RF subsystem products up with
it.

Here's some things I recommend to new repeater people:

- Go to www.repeater-builder.com and read EVERYTHING.  Take some of it
with a grain of salt.  
- Meet (IN PERSON) some of the local area's top repeater people.  Take
an interest in THEIR systems and volunteer.  Repeater maintenance and
technical knowledge is at an all-time low... they'll teach.
- Don't expect the local repeater council to elmer or teach unless they
specifically offer such services.  DO expect them to be CAUTIOUS about
giving you a wide-area coverage frequency right off the bat if you have
zero knowledge of repeater building and operation.  BE READY and answer
ALL of their HIGHLY DETAILED questions (if they're doing their jobs
right) about your antenna system gain figures, power levels, exact
coordinates of your transmitter, and KNOW all of their policies cold
up-front before communicating with them.  Think about how you can make
their volunteer jobs easier when you communicate with them about a
potential or ready-to-go-on-air system.
- EXPECT the cost of the repeater to be DOUBLE the price of the repeater
modules.  BUY commercial-quality gear for your repeater site... it will
pay off in spades when you only have to replace antennas every 10-15
years.  "Diamond" and "Comet" are NOT commercial quality antenna
builders.  Learn names like "TX-RX", "Sinclair", "Decibel Products",
"Andrews" and the things that the commercial RF guys "speak".
- FIND AN ELMER... listen to the local Analog FM repeaters and pick the
BEST PERFORMING ones, and meet the people that built and/or maintain
them.  THEY KNOW how to make repeaters work.  Many of them might be
interested in D-STAR but are too busy, too broke, or otherwise too
preoccupied to build a system -- but with you "leading the charge" on
getting the repeaters and generally "driving the bus", many of them
would be happy to work "in the shadows" helping you get the system
on-air... infrastructure guys are like that.  Me included.  I got
"thrust" into a club president's role after doing work on analog
repeaters for a while, but given my choice... I'd FAR rather just go to
the sites and work on things with a tight team of technical helpers,
than to mess with things like renewing the PO Box, paying the site rent
bills, negotiating new contracts, getting insurance quotes... yadda
yadda.  The "front office" jobs and "back office" jobs all need to be
covered.  I have a GREAT team at my "analog club", but we're thin.  Very
thin.  EVERYONE checks the box that says "Willing to volunteer for tech
crew" but ask ANY of those folks if they even own a hard hat?...
Remember we're talking $5 at Home Depot here... the answer is "Why would
I need one?"  Seriously... that's not a tech... that's a trainee, and
you can eat up a LOT of time training just ONE new tech to do the work
smart, safe, and efficiently.
- Plan on this being a multi-year project.  Seriously.  It took me years
to learn how to tweak an analog system for best performance, and frankly
-- as a hobbyist I do NOT have time to do it all.. which leads to the
next one...
- BUILD A TEAM.  You aren't going to be around 24/7 to talk to users,
work on repeater problems, etc.  Single-owner analog repeaters are a
pain in the butt... a single-owner DIGITAL repeater can be even more-so.
 Get friends to help both with the real work of putting the system
on-air, and also with the "support" roles, and if you're not
independently wealthy -- with the money too.  It's "shared"
infrastructure... get "buy in" from others who also want to play on
D-STAR.

That's just some thoughts... you're diving into DEEP waters starting up
your first repeater on D-STAR.  YES... it can be done, but save yourself
SOME of the learning curve and find some help... someone who's built a
repeater in your area before.  And get involved in places like the
Repeater-Builder mailing lists, etc... ask good questions, and you'll do
fine.

Right now, you're at the stage where "you don't know what you don't
know".  That's okay, but don't worry about the callsigns or the FCC
paperwork yet.  Figure out what it's REALLY going to cost you to do it
right.  Ask around and meet up with some Repeater building elmers for
coffee/beer, and start learning.  You'll get further, faster, and the
system will work BETTER when you get done.

With D-STAR, it doesn't hurt to figure out who your local ham radio
LINUX operating system experts are either.  They can help you get the
GATEWAY going if you're going to have Internet at the site, and you're
planning on having a Gateway.  Frankly, I don't think building a D-STAR
repeater WITHOUT a Gateway is all that worthwhile.   It's just a digital
stand-alone repeater at that point, and most of the great features of
the system aren't there if you can't add a Gateway.  You'd be better off
building an analog repeater for FAR less money out of surplus commercial
gear, if there's no IP/Internet at your repeater site.

And most of all... have FUN with it.  Or it's not worth doing.  "Them's
just my thoughts"... 

Send us your callsign and name so we know who we're talking to, and
where you live.  That'll help us tailor our answers a lot better to your
situation when it comes to frequency coordination and those
"administrivia" questions.  But shoot FIRST for a high-quality RF
INFRASTRUCTURE station (that's what a repeater is, after all) and learn
what you need to know to do THAT part of it... then start
thinking/worrying about the coordination and the callsigns and things. 
You're not just going to "buy a box" at HRO and put it on the air at
your house in 5 minutes and have it work right, if it's a repeater... 

Nate WY0X
--
  Nate Duehr
  [email protected]

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