I'd say that an experiment is where the investigator
can and does change at least one value of at least one
explanatory variable.

[And is implicitly hoping to learn something about causation].

I'd welcome any correction to the above, which is improvised.
I'd also strongly recommend saying "explanatory variables"
rather than "independent variables"; saying "independent" causes
all manner of confusion, but it may be different in Portuguese!

-- 
J.E.H.Shaw   [Ewart Shaw]      [EMAIL PROTECTED]    TEL: +44 2476 523069
  Department of Statistics,  University of Warwick,  Coventry CV4 7AL,  UK
  http://www.warwick.ac.uk/statsdept            http://www.ewartshaw.co.uk
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