On Sep 15, 2010, at 10:15 AM, Alan Bloom wrote:

> If you turn on averaging in the waterfall you can see farther down into the 
> noise.  It works best on steady carriers.  With CW signals you have to keep 
> the averaging time less than a dit.


I have found that per-bin averaging of the power spectrum works rather well 
even with low duty cycle, keyed carriers.  Take a look at the two waterfalls in 
the "Weak Signal Button" section that is almost at the end of this page:

http://homepage.mac.com/chen/w7ay/cocoaModem/UsersManual/mfskManual/mfskManual/dominoex.html

The signal that you see there is DominoEX, where each carrier is present on 
average for only one out of 18 chip periods.  Moreover, with DominoEX, if a 
carrier is on for one chip, it is always off during the next chip, so there is 
never a "dah," as in CW, but only very short "dits."

73 
Chen, W7AY

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