For executive and judicial offices, the FAQ should note the current situation---- There are unequal ballot access or ballot retention laws in all States (major parties, old minor parties, new minor parties, independents). 39 States have partisan primaries in which a plurality nominates. 10 southern States have partisan runoff primaries (top 2 in first primary go to runoff partisan primary). Louisiana has an open primary- all candidates compete. If there is no majority winner, then the top 2 in the primary get on the general election ballot. Most, if not all states, have a plurality winner or winners (such as multiple judges) in the general election (some states have the legislature determining the winner for high state executive offices if there is no majority winner in the general election). For legislative bodies---- Most are elected using single member districts with related gerrymanders. A few have a mixture of single member districts and at large districts. A few have multi-member districts. Many bodies are elected at large only (especially in smaller units of local government). Cambridge, Mass. uses a proportional representation election system. Terms in some bodies overlap.
