Skimming through the code, it looks like batch commands will happen in 
order. The mentioned `mailbox.push` was from the Elm source code.

Also, I fleshed out an example with both a clean separation and using event 
sourcing. I posted it with some commentary on marcosh's github 
<https://github.com/marcosh/marcosh.github.io/issues/1>.

I like the terminology in this example much better than my previous 
examples, especially because `Action` was a previous concept in Elm.

type Act = Increment | Decrement

type Fact = Incremented Int | Decremented Int

type Msg = Perform Act | Apply Fact

perform : Act -> Model -> Cmd Msg

apply : Fact -> Model -> Model

update : Msg -> Model -> (Model, Cmd Msg)
update msg model =
  case msg of
    Perform act ->
      (model, perform act model)

    Apply fact ->
      (apply fact model, Cmd.none)


The Facts here are also idempotent 
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idempotence> (no dependency on previous 
values). That's not as important in this example, but can as its extended.

On Friday, August 12, 2016 at 9:15:23 AM UTC-5, OvermindDL1 wrote:
>
> Will your pushed command appear after or before a potentially pushed 
> 'other' command, say from an incoming port, or button click?  That is the 
> part I am not sure about yet (not read enough Elm internals 'quite' yet).
>
> On Thursday, August 11, 2016 at 6:31:06 PM UTC-6, Kasey Speakman wrote:
>>
>> Checked the current implementation of Cmd.batch and it appears sequential 
>> (`mailbox.push`). Ordering guarantees are not documented so I suppose they 
>> shouldn't be depended on. But otherwise, the one I coded above that 
>> guarantees Act doesn't change the model and Evt doesn't have effects would 
>> work.
>>
>> On Thursday, August 11, 2016 at 6:33:39 PM UTC-5, Kasey Speakman wrote:
>>>
>>> Yes, that's why I said back to square one if Cmd.batch isn't ordered. 
>>> The only thing this is guaranteeing (and the only intended guarantee) is 
>>> that the messages which only update the model are separated from the ones 
>>> which cause effects. The ones which cause effects produce ones which update 
>>> the model, same as always.
>>>
>>> It occurs to me that some of the benefit of event sourcing the UI could 
>>> be gained by adding features to the TTD, since it has the magic which 
>>> ignores Cmds on replay. Some are already listed as ideas at 
>>> http://debug.elm-lang.org/. I'd still have to keep the messages in my 
>>> model and provide a way for the user to transmit them in a bug report. But 
>>> if I could load them in the TTD, that would make repro a snap.
>>>
>>> On Thursday, August 11, 2016 at 5:22:05 PM UTC-5, OvermindDL1 wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Isn't `doSideEffects` basically just the current `update` function 
>>>> though?  Except it is returning a list of changes (via message) to perform 
>>>> to a model instead of doing it in-place?  What is this saving precisely?
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On Thursday, August 11, 2016 at 4:05:57 PM UTC-6, Kasey Speakman wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> Actually, I'd probably use a List instead of Maybe on the immediately 
>>>>> returned event(s).
>>>>>
>>>>> doSideEffects : Act -> Model -> (List Evt, Cmd Evt)
>>>>> doSideEffects act model = 
>>>>>   case act of
>>>>>     UpdateCustomer customer ->
>>>>>       ( [ CustomerUpdateRequested ]
>>>>>       , callServerWithCustomer customer
>>>>>       )
>>>>>
>>>>>     ...
>>>>>
>>>>> updateModel : Evt -> Model -> Model
>>>>>     ... -- implementation as previous
>>>>>
>>>>> update : Msg -> Model -> (Model, Cmd Msg)
>>>>> update msg model =
>>>>>   case msg of
>>>>>     Action act ->
>>>>>       let
>>>>>         (events, command) = doSideEffects act model
>>>>>       in
>>>>>         (List.foldr updateModel model events, Cmd.map Evt command)
>>>>>
>>>>>     Event evt ->
>>>>>       (updateModel evt model, Cmd.none)
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> On Thursday, August 11, 2016 at 4:26:03 PM UTC-5, Kasey Speakman wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Yes, that was the goal. That way the UI state is utterly 
>>>>>> deterministic / reproducible in isolation of all outside services.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> That's a good point on the race conditions. I only use Cmd.batch 
>>>>>> because it's the facility that came to mind. (I'm still getting 
>>>>>> acquainted 
>>>>>> with Elm.) I don't know if Cmd.batch makes any ordering guarantee.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> If not we'd be more or less back to square one. Abuse `update` to do 
>>>>>> both things.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> doSideEffects: Act -> Model -> (Maybe Evt, Cmd Evt)
>>>>>> doSideEffects act model =
>>>>>>   case act of
>>>>>>     UpdateCustomer customer ->
>>>>>>       (Just CustomerUpdateRequested, callServerWithCustomer customer)
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ...
>>>>>>
>>>>>> updateModel: Evt -> Model -> Model
>>>>>> ... -- implementation as previous
>>>>>>
>>>>>> maybeUpdateModel:  Maybe Evt -> Model -> Model
>>>>>> maybeUpdateModel evtOpt model =
>>>>>>   case evtOpt of
>>>>>>     Nothing ->
>>>>>>       model
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Just evt ->
>>>>>>       updateModel evt model
>>>>>>
>>>>>> update : Msg -> Model -> (Model, Cmd Msg)
>>>>>> update msg model =
>>>>>>   case msg of
>>>>>>     Action act ->
>>>>>>       let
>>>>>>         (eventNow, command) = doSideEffects act model
>>>>>>       in
>>>>>>         (maybeUpdateModel eventNow model, Cmd.map Evt command)
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Event evt ->
>>>>>>       (updateModel evt model, Cmd.none)
>>>>>>
>>>>>> So this should apply an event immediately if one is needed for the 
>>>>>> action. But it still keeps the model updating events separate.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> These immediate events would be seen by a userland event-store 
>>>>>> implementation (which is underneath updateModel), but I bet the TTD 
>>>>>> wouldn't see it since it doesn't come from Elm.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On Thursday, August 11, 2016 at 3:43:36 PM UTC-5, OvermindDL1 wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> So you really are wanting to hard device events into two different 
>>>>>>> ones, those that can *only* alter the model, and those that can *only* 
>>>>>>> send 
>>>>>>> commands (which may call ones that alter the model).  Unsure if it 
>>>>>>> might 
>>>>>>> actually happen but might have to take into account possible race 
>>>>>>> conditions for if other messages appear before your other expected ones 
>>>>>>> are 
>>>>>>> processed through?  Easier to do that atomically all at once?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> On Thursday, August 11, 2016 at 2:25:22 PM UTC-6, Kasey Speakman 
>>>>>>> wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> doSideEffects above would also have to map Cmd Evt to Cmd Msg.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>

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