In a message dated 1/21/00, John Boucher writes:

>  What I'm really wrestling with is whether we need to be concerned about 
power
>  line cross / induction issues outside of North America.
>  

John:

I too have heard the argument that AC mains wiring outside of North America 
is "different," and that as a result, power cross is less of a risk outside 
North America.  I'm not sure that I believe this.

Even in North America, power cross and induction at levels that present an 
actual safety risk are extremely rare events.  My impression is that the 
people developing safety standards for North America were perhaps the first 
to identify power cross as a possible risk, and the first to include power 
cross requirements in their standards.  Even so, there was considerable 
internal debate about whether power cross and induction presented enough of a 
safety risk to justify inclusion in the safety standards.

I have heard that at the IEC level, many member countries have been skeptical 
about the actual severity of the power cross risk, and have been reluctant to 
include power cross requirements in IEC standards such as IEC 950.  Some 
observers think this may change in the future.

I would note that the 1996 version of the ITU K.20 requirements now contains 
several power cross tests.  In addition, the new EN 300 386 (for telecom 
network equipment) includes several power cross tests.  This indicates that 
there is now at least some acceptance at the international level of the risk 
of power cross and induction.

My suggestion would be to use your North American line interface design 
(including UL 1950 power cross compliance) for your international 
applications as well.  This will eliminate any doubt about whether you have 
chosen the proper path for international applications.

A properly executed line interface design will add very little cost to the 
interface, so the cost penalty for including power cross protection in your 
international version should be small (I have seen some designs that were 
quite expensive, but they don't have to be.  There are several ways to comply 
with the requirements, and some designs are much better than others).  

An added benefit of using the same line interface in all countries is that it 
increases your unit volumes for components, and it reduces the number of 
different line cards that must be manufactured and supported.  These savings 
can help to offset the small added cost for power cross protection in the 
international applications.



Joe Randolph
Telecom Design Consultant
Randolph Telecom, Inc.
781-721-2848

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