Rekan-rekan, mohon bantuannya sekali lagi (dan mungkin akan lagi dan terus
lagi.. hehe). Adakah di antara rekan-rekan yang mengetahui di mana lokasi yang
sedang dicari teman saya ini? Dia bicara tentang Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun
dan Gede Pangrango. Apakah yang dia cari ini ada di sana? Siapa yang bisa saya
kontak untuk masalah ini? Maaf sekali karena saya betul-betul bodoh dalam
permasalahan botani begini. Mungkin Kebun Raya Bogor?
Oya, dia mengacu pada tanaman-tanaman fosil di daerah Messel Lake - Jerman.
Terima kasih banyak.
Nuri,-
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The Messel can be defined as being a paratropical rainforest site i.e. a warm
moist rainforest that contains evergreen large leafed representatives of laurel,
icacina, mastixiaceae, moon seed, tea, palms and sterculiaceae. It was not a
true tropical rainforest because it did not have typical rainforest trees and it
had many deciduous trees such as walnut, betulaceae (Birch), hamamelidaceae
(which hazel) and platanaceae (plane tree). The forest was particularly species
rich.
So Nuri, is there any places in Java like I picture below...
1. Forest areas which do not have much undergrowth where ideally the main
trees/plants are laurel, cinnamon, avocado pear, ferns and some palm trees but
most importantly there should be some grape vines.
2. A lake which ideally has lilies growing in it. A lake with steep bank sides
in many places but enough shallow areas to accommodate lilies and reeds. Just
behind these shallow areas there would have been swamp and boggy areas. These
would have had ferns, sedges, swamp cypress etc. Behind the swamp there would
have been a shrub area which included screw pine which merged with the forest
slopes of laurel, walnut, tea and pea families. These trees would have been
rainforest trees and as the slopes got higher the forest would have opened out
and one would have seen some beach trees. In the rainforest lianas and creepers
would have played a major role i.e. this is where we would have found the grape
creepers. In areas were the lake had steep banks the forest with thick bushes
would have come right up to the edge of the lake and been very dense. Swamp
cypress did not exist at the lakes edge.
Plant list:
1/ Lilies - A lake with lilies. The most ideal species will be an
indo-Malaysian species Barclaya. The sexual parts of the Messel waterlily do
not exist today but these waterlilies were a primitive member of the nymphaea
family.
2/ Reeds and sedges - These are grass-like but not grasses.
3/ Ferns - There was probably a few species of tree ferns but mostly the ferns
were of normal height. There are no S E Asian species found today. See salt
ferns (acrostichum) and royal ferns, (osmunda).
4/ Arum and calla - The plants that you might know as the indoor plants i.e.
the ones which have a big single waxy 'flower' petal in either red or white with
a large thick yellow stamen. Some species of the family are also lianas or
epiphytes ( i.e. they live high off the ground in the crooks of tree branches).
They name only one species epipremnum.
5/ Trees :
a/ Asian swamp cypresses especially Japanese Umbrella pine and the Chinese water
pine.
b/ Royal palm and betel palm - found in East Asia Also rattan palms and sago
palms - Indo-Malaysia
c/ Laurel family - this was an abundant and species rich tree in the Messel. Key
species include cinnamon, camphor and avocado pear.
d/ Walnut family - there are three main genera, juglans (true walnut),
Platycara and Engelhardia. Engelhardia and platycara are the only genera
found in Asia.
e/ Various species of pea family. The one specie I am clear on is dogbane -
apocynaceae
f/ Dogwood - The scientists suspect that mastixiaceae family formed an
important part of the tree species. This plant is related to the dogwood -
mostly found in Malaysia.
6/Creepers/lianas :
a/ Grape family - 4 main Messel species all of which can be found in S E Asia.
This is an important group of plants found in the Messel. Vitus - i.e. European
grape or cissus, Tetrastigma and Ampelopsi
b/ Moon seed family/ menispermaceae - These have large leaves and they have
moon or horse shoe shaped seed pods. Look for Tinospora found in Asia.
7/ Bushes :
a/ Tea family - the camellia is a member of this family. However the closest
extant genera is in S E Asia and it is the polyspora. These have lovely
flowers so you should look out for them.
b/ citrus - This genera plays only a moderate role in the Messel. Look for
Toddalia which is a climbing bush and only found in S E Asia.
c/ icacina family - This was an abundant family in the Messel. Look for
stemonurus which comes from Malaysia. Icacina include the yam genera.
8/ Other plants Here are some interesting plants which existed in the Messel
but not abundantly - magnolia, plum yew, anise, lime, elm, silk cotton,
mulberry, willow, heather, rose, myrtle, mistletoe, maple, cashew, ivy, olive
and honeysuckle.
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