Randall Clague wrote:
> Dave Weinshenker has a concept for a balloon-launched 4STO built
> around HPR motors.  They'd have to be custom made, to get the required
> mass fraction, but the complexity didn't look to me to be any worse
> than HPR stuff that has already flown.  I'll let him fill in the
> details...

Wasn't balloon-launched, but I did calculate that 4 stages would
get you to orbit (in sheer delta-V at least) without pushing too 
much beyond HPR techology (which is admittedly designed for 
convenience in manufacture and field use, rather than sheer 
performance) - I'd have to revisit my calculations, but IIRC 
it was doable with a stage-to-stage "scale factor" of 4:1, a 
raw stage propellant mass fraction of 75%, and a specific impulse 
of something like 240 seconds.

(The concept addressed neither the question of the fate of
spent stages dropped along the flight path, nor the question
of guidance to orbit, so even I am not completely convinced
of its feasibility... however, I've thought it would be interesting,
one way or another, to do a rough mockup as a 4-stage HPR bird
with commercial motors: something like an "L" booster staged 
to a "J" second stage, and then an "H" and an "F" in the top 
stages... good luck keeping it in sight!)

-dave w
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