I thought Tipler's theory is that there will be an actual physical computer 
that will be able to do all possible computations as the Universe collapses 
- although since he came up with the idea it has been shown that the 
Universe won't collapse in the required way.

Yes, it's not Tipler's main theory, which is the one about 
'resurrection"... But he also suggested this idea: that the platonic 
existence of mathematics might be enough for the simulation of physical 
universes with consciousness in them...

Why is the Hard Problem of Consciousness a problem in the computerless 
> computation scenario?
>

Yes, this is an unfortunate formulation on my part. The hard problem is of 
course a problem for all computational approaches.... Personally I take the 
hard problem very seriously. I think it shows that consciousness cannot be 
fully understood in computational terms: the what-it's-likeness of 
consciousness, its involving qualia, cannnot be accounted for 
computationally. I think this may give us a 5th option:

(5) Consciousness, being inexplicable in computational terms, can be the 
hardware that ontologically precedes the computations that ourput the 
physical universe. How might this work? Here I would like to invoke an idea 
from the American idealist philosopher Josiah Royce, who argued for the 
infinite complexity of complete self-awareness. To be self-aware is to be 
aware that one is self-aware, and aware that one is aware of one's 
self-awareness... and son on. So, as Royce pointed out, there is a 
recursivity to self-awareness that mirrors the recursion that generates the 
natural number system. Similar ideas were brought forward by the German 
philosopher/mathematican Oskar Becker. Anyway, what this suggests is that 
if we postulate a primordial self-awareness as the foundation of all 
reality, then that self-awareness through its recursivity could be said to 
be aware of all natural numbers (the hierarchy of its reflective levels) 
and thus also of all relations between them, i.e. all computable functions. 
And since it is basically a self-awareness it singles out those algorithms 
for 'special attention' that best mirror its self-awareness by forming 
universes with conscious beings in them. Of course, the question remains 
why one should postulate the existence of such an absolute self-awareness 
as the basis of all existence. My guess is that such a self-awareness can 
bootstrap itself into existence: if esse est percipi, then the ultimate 
observer only exists because it observes itself. It has often been remarked 
that there is a circularity in self-awareness. In my view this circularity 
is what makes it causa sui. Royce's story then allows us to conceive of 
this absolute self-awareness as a computer... The idea that an absolute 
self-grounding self-awareness underlies existence can by the way be found 
in Plotinus, the Indian vedanta and German idealism (Fichte, Schelling, 
Hegel). Royce allows us to take this idealism into a computational 
direction. It is something I am working on...

Peter

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