On Sun, Jun 24, 2018 at 6:51 PM, Lawrence Crowell <
[email protected]> wrote:

> *> My tendency is to say that wormholes do not exist.*


It seems to me if wormholes existed we should expect to see as many White
Holes as Black Holes and they should be easier to detect than Black Holes
too, and yet nobody has ever seen a White Hole. But even if they don’t
exist now maybe we can build one if the laws of physics don’t forbid it.


> *>There are problems with these types of solutions. The biggest is they
> requires a source term that has negative energy*

The Casimir effect has demonstrated that the vacuum between 2 conductive
planes that are very very close to each other contains negative energy
density.

> *> A wormhole can have one of its openings boosted or accelerated out and
> then accelerated back so the wormhole has closed timelike curves. This
> means a quantum state could be sent into the wormhole and it would return
> prior to then.*

If Many Worlds is true then travel into the past wouldn’t necessarily
create a logical paradox; I go back to yesterday and shoot myself in the
head, as soon as I turn my time machine on this entire universe comes to a
dead end so nobody is around to see a paradox, but a new universe is
created and all the people in this new universe see is somebody who must be
my twin brother has just shot me in the head. Odd perhaps but there is
nothing paradoxical about that.

> *> This means a quantum state is duplicated. *

The Black Hole information paradox makes me wonder if the quantum no
cloning theorem is really true in all circumstances, maybe it needs to be
modified. Maybe you can clone a quantum state but not if both are in the
same Everett universe so nobody can ever observe the cloning.

> *> The ring down, and I think as well the peak, of gravitational radiation
> may carry information about the quantum nature of black holes.*

We could also learn a lot by studying the ring down caused by the merger of
2 Neutron Stars because that is the most extreme condition matter can
undergo. The result of the Neutron Star merger that LIGO recently observed
produced either the most massive Neutron Star ever observed or the least
massive Black Hole ever observed, a Black Hole fate seems a little more
likely but if we had just a bit more detail in the signal we’d know for
sure. It seems to indicate that a non-spinning Neutron Star can’t be more
than 2.1 solar masses, but if it was spinning fast enough a Neutron Star
could get up to 2.7 solar masses, however if its more than 2.7 it can’t be
anything but a Black Hole.

The LHC hasn’t found anything since the Higgs and particle accelerators
haven’t found anything surprising in almost 50 years, they may have told us
all they can. To find more fundamental physics we may have to look to
things like LIGO, neutrino detectors, Dark Matter detectors, and
telescopes.

 John K Clark

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