On Thursday, July 14, 2022 at 4:28:48 PM UTC-5 [email protected] wrote:

> On Thu, Jul 14, 2022 at 3:49 PM Brent Meeker <[email protected]> wrote:
>
> * > At some point the amount of localized energy will form a black hole.*
>>
>
> Maybe, probably, but I can't help but think that the formula we use today 
> to determine the point where a black hole forms from too much information 
> might only be an approximation because if the acceleration of the universe 
> is itself accelerating because Dark Energy is getting stronger and we're 
> heading toward the Big Rip then in the deep future it's gonna be harder to 
> make a black hole than it is now. That's just my intuitive hunch, I could 
> be dead wrong.
>
>   John K Clark    See what's on my new list at  Extropolis 
> <https://groups.google.com/g/extropolis>
> ydd
>
>
The extraction of energy from dark energy is possible. Given two galaxies a 
tether between them could serve as a way of generating energy. However, 
once the two galaxies separate so they have a mutual z > 1 there is no 
tether that can hold. It is for the same reason one could not lower a 
camera on a tether into a black hole and then pull it out. As the number of 
galaxies in the cosmic O-region bounded by the horizon is finite it is then 
not possible to extract an infinite amount of energy.

LC
 

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>>
>> Brent
>>
>> On 7/14/2022 8:24 AM, John Clark wrote:
>>
>> The Bekenstein bound says if a volume of space has access to a finite 
>> amount of energy then the amount of information necessary to describe it is 
>> also finite, and that implies Bremermann's limit which says there is a 
>> maximum rate of information that can be processed in that volume, and it 
>> works out to be  c^2/h= 1.4*10^50 bits per second per kilogram of 
>> mass/energy. However I think it should be possible, at least in theory, to 
>> extract work out of the expanding universe (see next paragraph), and if 
>> the expansion of the universe is accelerating then it seems to me the 
>> amount of energy you could have access to in that volume of space could 
>> potentially be infinite, not finite. 
>>
>> Suppose you had 2 spools of string coiled in opposite directions 
>> connected  by an axle and you extended the 2 strings to cosmological 
>> distances 180 degrees apart from each other. As long as the Dark Energy 
>> force between the atoms in the string that were trying to force them apart 
>> was not stronger than the attractive electromagnetic force holding the 
>> atoms of the string together the string would not expand as the universe 
>> expanded, so there would be a tension on the strings, so there would be 
>> torque on the spool, so the axle would rotate. The axle could be connected 
>> to an electric generator and you'd get useful work out of it. Of course 
>> you'd have to constantly add more mass-energy in the form of more string to 
>> keep it operating, but the amount of mass per unit length of string would 
>> remain constant, however because the universe is accelerating the amount of 
>> energy per unit length of string you'd get out of it would not remain 
>> constant but would increase asymptotically to infinity. If the theories 
>> about the Big Rip turn out to be true and the acceleration of the universe 
>> is itself accelerating then it should be even easier to extract infinite 
>> energy out of the universe, provided we take care to continually shorten 
>> the string to keep it from breaking. So it would all just be a simple case 
>> of cosmological engineering. What could go wrong?
>>
>> And If you have infinite energy then you can perform an infinite number 
>> of calculations, so you could have an infinite number of thoughts, so you 
>> would have no last thought (the definition of death), so subjectively you 
>> would live forever. Of course the objective universe might have a different 
>> opinion on the matter and insist that everything including you had come to 
>> an end, but that hardly matters because subjectivity is far more important 
>> than objectivity; or at least it is in my opinion. 
>> John K Clark    See what's on my new list at  Extropolis 
>> <https://groups.google.com/g/extropolis>
>> tif 
>>
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