> -----Original Message-----
> From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf 
> Of Weyert de Boer
> 
> 
> Genuine Dongles? What about dumping dongle data and then use a dongle 
> emulator?

I'm glad you asked! =)

Making a totally un-copyable dongle is actually pretty trivial.  There
are many USB microcontrollers that have Flash-ROM embedded in the chip,
allowing you to "lock" the memory once its programmed -- no way to read
it, even if you physically dismantle the circuit, except through the
program's pre-programmed outputs.

Using a combination of book encryption and hashing algorithms, you can
essentially have gigabytes of random data that can only be expressed
through the microcontroller's pre-programmed USB outputs.  Using a
deliberate delay in the microcontroller, it could take 10 seconds to
verify any one arbitrary key.  Even if a straight year was spent
downloading keys, the counterfeit would only have one answer for every
100 verifications.

The PC then only stores one-way encrypted versions of the "answers", so
even the PC does not know what the dongle will answer (making it
impossible to steal keys from the PC).  To see if the dongle answered
correctly, the dongle's answer is encrypted using the same one-way
encryption, and that is compared to the PC's already encrypted answers.

- Kipp
PS. There are ways of hacking these chips, involving slicing the top of
the microchip off in a clean-room, running gold thread to the memory
controller and reading the embedded memory directly.  Haha.

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