dear gcc/g++ and fltk programers:
last time's error is gone, after i copy the newest GUI files download from Mr.
Stroustrup's website. But make still not work, especially
reference to window is ambiguous
which conflict with same name declared in X window, plz help
graphic_lib was declared in GUI.h as following
----------------
//
// This is a GUI support code to the chapters 12-16 of the book
// "Programming -- Principles and Practice Using C++" by Bjarne Stroustrup
//
#ifndef GUI_GUARD
#define GUI_GUARD
#include "Window.h"
#include "Graph.h"
namespace Graph_lib {
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
typedef void* Address; // Address is a synonym for void*
typedef void(*Callback)(Address, Address); // FLTK's required function
type for all callbacks
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
template<class W> W& reference_to(Address pw)
// treat an address as a reference to a W
{
return *static_cast<W*>(pw);
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class Widget {
// Widget is a handle to an Fl_widget - it is *not* an Fl_widget
// We try to keep our interface classes at arm's length from FLTK
public:
Widget(Point xy, int w, int h, const string& s, Callback cb)
: loc(xy), width(w), height(h), label(s), do_it(cb)
{}
virtual void move(int dx,int dy) { hide(); pw->position(loc.x+=dx,
loc.y+=dy); show(); }
virtual void hide() { pw->hide(); }
virtual void show() { pw->show(); }
virtual void attach(Window&) = 0;
Point loc;
int width;
int height;
string label;
Callback do_it;
virtual ~Widget() { }
protected:
Window* own; // every Widget belongs to a Window
Fl_Widget* pw; // connection to the FLTK Widget
private:
Widget& operator=(const Widget&); // don't copy Widgets
Widget(const Widget&);
};
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct Button : Widget {
Button(Point xy, int w, int h, const string& label, Callback cb)
: Widget(xy,w,h,label,cb)
{}
void attach(Window&);
};
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct In_box : Widget {
In_box(Point xy, int w, int h, const string& s)
:Widget(xy,w,h,s,0) { }
int get_int();
string get_string();
void attach(Window& win);
};
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct Out_box : Widget {
Out_box(Point xy, int w, int h, const string& s)
:Widget(xy,w,h,s,0) { }
void put(int);
void put(const string&);
void attach(Window& win);
};
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct Menu : Widget {
enum Kind { horizontal, vertical };
Menu(Point xy, int w, int h, Kind kk, const string& label)
: Widget(xy,w,h,label,0), k(kk), offset(0)
{}
Vector_ref<Button> selection;
Kind k;
int offset;
int attach(Button& b); // Menu does not delete &b
int attach(Button* p); // Menu deletes p
void show() // show all buttons
{
for (unsigned int i = 0; i<selection.size(); ++i)
selection[i].show();
}
void hide() // hide all buttons
{
for (unsigned int i = 0; i<selection.size(); ++i)
selection[i].hide();
}
void move(int dx, int dy) // move all buttons
{
for (unsigned int i = 0; i<selection.size(); ++i)
selection[i].move(dx,dy);
}
void attach(Window& win) // attach all buttons
{
for (int i=0; i<selection.size(); ++i) win.attach(selection[i]);
own = &win;
}
};
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
} // of namespace Graph_lib
#endif // GUI_GUARD
---------------------------------
new result of my "make"
-------------------------------------------------------------
e...@eric-laptop:~/BStrou/usingC++4/code/Chapter12$ make
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/eric/BStrou/usingC++4/code/GUI'
g++ -I"" -Wall -time -O3 -DNDEBUG -o Graph.o -c Graph.cpp
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.4/ext/hash_map:60,
from std_lib_facilities.h:34,
from Graph.h:13,
from Graph.cpp:9:
/usr/include/c++/4.4/backward/backward_warning.h:28:2: warning: #warning This
file includes at least one deprecated or antiquated header which may be removed
without further notice at a future date. Please use a non-deprecated interface
with equivalent functionality instead. For a listing of replacement headers and
interfaces, consult the file backward_warning.h. To disable this warning use
-Wno-deprecated.
# cc1plus 1.87 0.06
# as 0.03 0.00
g++ -I"" -Wall -time -O3 -DNDEBUG -o GUI.o -c GUI.cpp
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.4/ext/hash_map:60,
from std_lib_facilities.h:34,
from Graph.h:13,
from GUI.h:11,
from GUI.cpp:10:
/usr/include/c++/4.4/backward/backward_warning.h:28:2: warning: #warning This
file includes at least one deprecated or antiquated header which may be removed
without further notice at a future date. Please use a non-deprecated interface
with equivalent functionality instead. For a listing of replacement headers and
interfaces, consult the file backward_warning.h. To disable this warning use
-Wno-deprecated.
# cc1plus 0.74 0.04
# as 0.00 0.01
g++ -I"" -Wall -time -O3 -DNDEBUG -o Simple_window.o -c Simple_window.cpp
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.4/ext/hash_map:60,
from std_lib_facilities.h:34,
from Graph.h:13,
from GUI.h:11,
from Simple_window.h:10,
from Simple_window.cpp:7:
/usr/include/c++/4.4/backward/backward_warning.h:28:2: warning: #warning This
file includes at least one deprecated or antiquated header which may be removed
without further notice at a future date. Please use a non-deprecated interface
with equivalent functionality instead. For a listing of replacement headers and
interfaces, consult the file backward_warning.h. To disable this warning use
-Wno-deprecated.
In file included from Simple_window.cpp:7:
Simple_window.h:17: error: reference to âWindowâ is ambiguous
/usr/include/X11/X.h:96: error: candidates are: typedef XID Window
Window.h:26: error: class Graph_lib::Window
Simple_window.h:17: error: reference to âWindowâ is ambiguous
/usr/include/X11/X.h:96: error: candidates are: typedef XID Window
Window.h:26: error: class Graph_lib::Window
Simple_window.cpp: In constructor âSimple_window::Simple_window(Point, int,
int, const String&)â:
Simple_window.cpp:12: error: reference to âWindowâ is ambiguous
/usr/include/X11/X.h:96: error: candidates are: typedef XID Window
Window.h:26: error: class Graph_lib::Window
Simple_window.cpp:12: error: class âSimple_windowâ does not have any field
named âWindowâ
Simple_window.cpp:16: error: âattachâ was not declared in this scope
Simple_window.cpp: In member function âbool
Simple_window::wait_for_button()â:
Simple_window.cpp:26: error: âshowâ was not declared in this scope
Simple_window.cpp: In member function âvoid Simple_window::next()â:
Simple_window.cpp:53: error: âhideâ was not declared in this scope
# cc1plus 0.54 0.04
make[1]: *** [Simple_window.o] Error 1
rm Graph.o GUI.o
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/eric/BStrou/usingC++4/code/GUI'
make: *** [../GUI/libbookgui.a] Error 2
e...@eric-laptop:~/BStrou/usingC++4/code/Chapter12$
-------------------------------------------------------------------
> -------------------------------------------------------
> and the Makefile is
> -------------
> e...@eric-laptop:~/BStrou/usingC++4/code/Chapter12$ cat Makefile
> #
> # This is a common Makefile for code examples from the book
> # "Programming -- Principles and Practice Using C++" by Bjarne Stroustrup
> #
>
> #
> # Usage:
> # make - Build all examples
> # make clean - Clean all examples
> # make test - Run the test suite
> #
>
> INCLUDES = -I"../GUI" -I"$(FLTK)"
> LIBS = -lstdc++ -lbookgui -lfltk -lfltk_images
> CXXFLAGS = $(INCLUDES) -Wall -time -O3 -DNDEBUG
> LIBFLAGS = -L"../GUI"
> AR = ar
>
> # NOTE: If under Cygwin you get an error that uname command is not found,
> # make sure there are no folders with space in their names that preceed
> # the path to the Cygwin's bin folder inside your PATH variable.
> ifeq ($(shell uname -o),Cygwin)
> OS=Cygwin
> else
> OS=$(shell uname)
> endif
>
> ifeq ($(OS),Cygwin)
> LIBS := $(LIBS) -lfltk_jpeg -luser32 -lgdi32 -lshell32 -lole32 -luuid
> -lWs2_32 -lComCtl32
> else
> ifeq ($(OS),Darwin)
> LIBS := $(LIBS) -ljpeg -framework Carbon
> else
> LIBS := $(LIBS) -lX11 -ljpeg
> endif
> endif
>
> .SUFFIXES: .cpp .o
>
> # Create a list of source files.
> SOURCES = $(shell ls *.cpp)
> # Create a list of object files from the source file lists.
> OBJECTS = ${SOURCES:.cpp=.o}
> # Create a list of targets.
> TARGETS = ${SOURCES:.cpp=.exe}
>
> # Build all targets by default
> all: $(TARGETS)
>
> # Files with extension .no-link.cpp are not intended for linking
> %.no-link.exe: %.no-link.o
> @echo Linking skipped for $@
> @echo
> ================================================================================
> @echo Done building $@
> @echo
> ================================================================================
> @echo
> @echo
>
> # A rule to build .exe file out of a .o file
> %.exe: %.o ../GUI/libbookgui.a
> $(CXX) -o $@ $(LIBFLAGS) $< $(LIBS)
> @echo
> ================================================================================
> @echo Done building $@
> @echo
> ================================================================================
> @echo
> @echo
>
> # A rule to build .o file out of a .cpp file
> %.o: %.cpp
> $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $@ -c $<
>
> # A rule to build the common GUI library
> ../GUI/libbookgui.a: ../GUI/*.h ../GUI/*.cpp
> @(cd ../GUI; $(MAKE))
>
> # A rule to clean all the intermediates and targets
> clean:
> rm -rf $(TARGETS) $(OBJECTS) *.out *.stackdump
>
> # A rule to run set of tests
> test:
> @for file in *.exe; do \
> name=`basename $$file .exe` ; \
> name=`basename $$name .crash` ; \
> if (ls $$name.crash.exe >/dev/null 2>&1) ; then \
> continue ; \
> fi ; \
> echo ======================================== [ $$file ] ; \
> if (ls $$name.*in >/dev/null 2>&1) ; then \
> for f in $$name.*in; do \
> echo ; \
> echo ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ { "$$f" } ; \
> cat "$$f" ; \
> echo ; \
> echo ---------------------------------------- ; \
> ./$$file < "$$f" ; \
> done ; \
> else \
> ./$$file ; \
> fi \
> done ; \
> echo -n
> e...@eric-laptop:~/BStrou/usingC++4/code/Chapter12$
> --------------------------------------------------------
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