Glen writes:

<   An additional basic question would be whether or not there are "lateral 
states of different kind" (that's my own nonsense phrase). I.e. maybe an atom 
can be in an energy state X that is (reductively) the same energy level as 
another state Y, but with or without the ability to move from state X to state 
Y without going up or down in energy level? >

Quantum tunneling enables moving between such states (without kinetic energy).  
 The probability of a configuration comes from the energy of the configuration, 
not the details of the configuration.   Even a ground state doesn't have to be 
a unique configuration.    There's also the notion of superposition states that 
aren't even definite states, but nonetheless can be characterized by their 
energy (and probability).   

Marcus

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