For too long since 9/11, the political elites in the US held their fingers in the leaky dike that is Bush 43 foreign policy, particularly on Bush’s War, but more widely. Critics have not been limited to the opposition party, significantly, dissension was heard from experienced diplomatic, intelligence and academic voices within the Republican party, just quietly in the beginning. No longer. The so-called ‘general’s revolt’, is a war of words, not bullets, fortunately, but is exceptionally rare in US history. It has been accompanied by OpEd pieces and open letters, private, closed door and open testimony and finally on camera appearances.  

 

I’ve taken the title to this post from an email by a Marine serving in Iraq, written for his family, which has made its way into Generals’ inboxes. It’s linked, below. The other opinion analysis I’m sharing today is significant in that, like Friedman, another well-respected foreign policy pundit, Zakaria is calling it quits, not just on 6-month extensions of good faith so the Bush administration can ‘get it right’ in Iraq, but saying that our being there isn’t helping anyone and we should come home, redeploy, whatever language is used, before this civil war gets much, much worse.

 

It’s one thing to admit second thoughts and propose modifications, as the administration has belatedly done, substituting ‘adapting to win’ for ‘victory’ but quite another to publicly conclude a strategic retreat is the best option. So whether you hear the ‘soft’ or the ‘hard’ sell, this administration’s foreign policy has reached its dead end, right along with its credibility. KwC

 

The Iraq Study Group, co-chaired by James Baker and Lee Hamilton, may be recommending a ‘soft partitioning’ of Iraq (but not until after the November elections!) The ISG “will not advise “partition”, but is believed to favour a division of the country that will devolve power and security to the regions, leaving a skeletal national government in Baghdad in charge of foreign affairs, border protection and the distribution of oil revenue.

 

The Iraqi government will be encouraged to hold a constitutional conference paving the way for greater devolution. Iran and Syria will be urged to back a regional settlement that could be brokered at an international conference.

 

Baker, a leading exponent of shuttle diplomacy, has already met representatives of the Syrian government and is planning to see the Iranian ambassador to the United Nations in New York. “My view is you don’t just talk to your friends,” he said last week. “You need to talk to your enemies in order to move forward diplomatically towards peace. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2089-2393750,00.html

 

ALSO SEE Baker’s interview on Sunday ABC This Week, http://abcnews.go.com/ThisWeek/story?id=2542039&page=1

 

Iraq's Dark Day of Reckoning

If you were a Shiite, having suffered through a brutal insurgency and an incompetent government, would you give up your weapons?

By Fareed Zakaria, Newsweek, Oct. 16, 2006 Issue

When Iraq's current government was formed last April, after four months of bitter disputes, wrangling and paralysis, many voices in America and in Iraq said the next six months would be the crucial testing period. That was a fair expectation. It has now been almost six months, and what we have seen are bitter disputes, wrangling and paralysis. Meanwhile, the violence has gotten worse, sectarian tensions have risen steeply and ethnic cleansing is now in full swing. There is really no functioning government south of Kurdistan, only power vacuums that have been filled by factions, militias and strongmen. It is time to call an end to the tests, the six-month trials, the waiting and watching, and to recognize that the Iraqi government has failed. It is also time to face the terrible reality that America's mission in Iraq has substantially failed.

More waiting is unlikely to turn things around, nor will more troops. I understand the impulse of those who want to send in more forces to secure the country. I urged just such a policy from the first week of the occupation. But today we are where we are. Over the past three years the violence has spread and is now franchised down to neighborhoods with local gangs in control. In many areas, local militias are not even controlled by their supposed political masters in Baghdad. In this kind of decentralized street fighting, 10,000 or 20,000 more troops in Baghdad will not have more than a temporary effect. Nor will new American policies help. The reason that the Democrats seem to lack good, concrete suggestions on Iraq is that the Bush administration has actually been pursuing more-sensible policies for more than a year now, trying vainly to reverse many of its errors. But what might well have worked in 2003 is too little, too late in 2006.

Iraq is now in a civil war. Thirty thousand Iraqis have died there in the past three years, more than in many other conflicts widely recognized as civil wars. The number of internal refugees, mostly Sunni victims of ethnic cleansing, has exploded over the past few months, and now exceeds a quarter of a million people. (The Iraqi government says 240,000, but this doesn't include Iraqis who have fled abroad or who may not have registered their move with the government.) The number of attacks on Shiite mosques increases every week: there have been 69 such attacks since February, compared with 80 in the previous two and a half years. And the war is being fought on gruesome new fronts. CBS News's Lara Logan has filed astonishing reports on the Health Ministry, which is run by supporters of radical cleric Moqtada al-Sadr. According to Logan, hospitals in Baghdad and Karbala are systematically killing Sunni patients and then dumping their bodies in mass graves.

Iraq's problem is fundamentally political, not military. Sunnis, Shiites and Kurds need a deal that each can live with. Sen. Joseph Biden has outlined an intelligent power-sharing agreement, but what he, or for that matter George Bush, says doesn't matter. Power now rests with the locals. And the Shiites and the Sunnis have little trust in one another. At this point, neither believes that any deal would be honored once the United States left, which means that each is keeping its own militias as an insurance policy. If you were a Shiite, having suffered through a brutal insurgency and an incompetent government, would you give up your weapons? If you were a Sunni, having watched government-allied death squads kill and ethnic-cleanse your people, would you accept a piece of paper that said that this government will now give you one third of Iraq's oil revenues if you disarm?

Power-sharing agreements rarely work. Stanford scholar James Fearon points out that in the last 54 civil wars, only nine were resolved by such deals. And the success stories are telling. South Africa after apartheid is perhaps the best example. Despite gaining absolute power through the ballot, the African National Congress chose to share power with its former oppressors. No whites were purged from the Army or civil service. In Iraq, of course, hundreds of thousands of Sunni soldiers and administrators were fired, leaving the country without a state but with an insurgency. And unlike South Africa, Iraq has no dominant political party. It is run by a weak and fractious coalition. Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki relies on support from the very extremist groups that he must dismantle—such as Moqtada al-Sadr's Mahdi Army.

 

President Bush says that if America leaves Iraq now, the violence will get worse, and terrorists could take control. He's right. But that will be true whenever we leave. "Staying the course" only delays that day of reckoning. To be fair, however, Bush has now defined the only realistic goal left for America's mission in Iraq: not achieving success but limiting failure.

 

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15177998/site/newsweek/

 

ALSO SEE

Prof. Juan Cole, at his personal blog, Informed Comment, argues against the forthcoming Iraq Study Group proposal for a ‘soft partitioning’ of Iraq.

“This is a very bad idea for so many reasons it would take me forever to list them all. But here are a few:

1. No such loose federal arrangement would survive very long (remember the post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States?), so the plan leads to the dismemberment and partition of Iraq. This outcome is unacceptable to Turkey and Saudi Arabia and therefore will likely lead to regional wars.

2. The Sunni Arabs, the Da`wa Party and the Sadr Movement are all against such a partition, and together they account for at least 123 members of the 275-member parliament. Some of the Shiite independents in the United Iraqi Alliance are also against it. I would say that a slight majority in parliament would fight this plan tooth and nail. The US cannot impose it by fiat.

3.
The Sunni Arabs control Iraq's downstream water but have no petroleum resources. If the loose federal plan ends in partition, the situation is set up for a series of wars of the Sunni Arabs versus the Shiites, as well as of the Sunni Arabs and some Turkmen versus the Kurds. Turkey, Iran and Saudi Arabia will certainly be pulled into these wars.

It is not good for the region to have a series of wars over Iraq. It is not good for the security of the United States, since those wars will probably involve pipeline sabotage by guerrillas and will likely disrupt Middle Eastern oil flows. (Did Americans like $3.20 a gallon gasoline and $300 a month heating bills? Would they like to try $15 a gallon gasoline? What do you think would happen to the world economy?)

Finally, I just don't believe that the Arab and Muslim worlds would ever forgive the US for breaking up Iraq, and there are likely to be reprisals if it happens
.”    http://www.juancole.com/

 

Secret Letter from Iraq: a Marine’s email home describing ‘Dante’s Inferno’ makes it way to Generals’ inboxes. Reprinted with permission in Time. http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1543658-1,00.html

 

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