Thanks, Ken,
for your examples attesting the transcription possibility. To
clarify, by the elipsis I meant that there are other examples that I consider
close enough to be quite relevant to this question. The five exact matches you
list are five more than the zero that we had (but were in effect predicted)
before the Qumran discoveries. Yes, those five are the total of that exact
pair, I think. But 4QMMT gave us another similar collocation (who does
MMT but
doers of torah, as the writer considered his group?), likewise previously
unattested, and of great interest in relation to Hab 2:4b and Paul against
ergon nomou (again, in effect predicted). 4Q177 5-6 has something close: [(C]H
HTWRH (W&Y HYHD. Various editions of 1QpMic 8-9 8; 1QSb 1:1; 4Q270 9 [2 in DJD
18] ii 19; 4Q398 1 8 (Wacholder Abegg) restore (W&Y HTWRH. 4QpPs a has (W&Y
RCWNW Philo (Quod omnis, 2X) gives osioi as practically a synonym for
Essaioi,
preserving the sound. Epiphanius preserves spellings of Osshnoi and
Ossaioi for
a Jewish heresy who strictly observe torah. Avot de R. Natan A 37 condems
separatists spelled (#)NY. 5Q13 (sectarian Rule 10 1 has (W&Y. 1 Enoch 108:2
(in a chapter called Essene by Charles and Flusser) may be relevant, as
well as
other texts mentioned in the chapter previously mentioned. I consider that a
quite significant collection of indications of origin, including in texts
considered Essene on other grounds, including in a text which mentions their
leader, who I think was Judah the Essene, the first known individual called
that. Several pre-1948 scholars already guessed this name origin, for a
variety
of reasons (including analysis of Philo, Epiphanius, and Essene/Pharisee
polemic, and philology). Some other pre-1948 scholars slighted the Hebrew
possibility, thinking only Aramaic possibilities plausible during late second
Temple times.
best,
Stephen Goranson
Quoting Ken Penner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
To clarify, is the following the complete list of uses of the
expression? Does it only occur in these two manuscripts? The "..."
implies more.
I am sceptical because the phonological shift from a long O vowel to
an epsilon in Greek is rather peculiar. It is not completely
unattested (Vaticanus of 2Chr 29:14 has EDEIQWM for YDWTWM; 2Chr
31:13 has EZABAQ for YWZBD; 2Es 16:2 has ENW for )WNW ) but these are
by far the exception; Long O's in Hebrew (as we find in Qal active
participles) normally become Omega in Greek. This is enough to make
me hesitate to express confidence that we now know the etymology of
"Essene".
Plural:
1QpHab VII, 10-14
???? ?? ???? ????
???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????
???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???
??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???
??? ???? ?????
P$RW (L )N$Y H)MT
(W$Y HTWRH )$R LW) YRPW YDYHM M(BWDT
H)MT BHM$K (LYHM HQC H)XRWN KY)
KWL QYCY )L YBW)W LTKWNM K)$R XQQ
LHM BRZY (RMTW
1QpHab VIII, 1-3
???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???
????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????
????? ????
P$RW (L KWL (W$Y HTWRH BBYT YHWDH )$R
YCYLM )L MBYT HM$P+ B(BWR (MLM W)MNTM
BMWRH HCDQ
4QPs^a 1-10 II, 13-15
???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???
????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????
????
P$RW (L (RYCY HBRYT )$R BBYT YHWDH )$R
YZWMW LKLWT )T (W$Y HTWRH )$R B(CT HYXD W)L LW) Y(ZBM
BYDM
Singular:
1QpHab XII, 3-5 ??? ?????? ???
??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????
?????
(CT HYXD WHBHMWT HMH PT)Y YHWDH (W$H
HTWRH
4QpPs^a 1-10 II, 21-23
??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???...
???? ????? ??? ??? ?...
?????
+WB M(+ LCDYQ MHMWN R$(YM RBY...
(W$H HTWRH )$R LW) Y...
LR(WT
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