Jeffrey,

it is a fine and utmost linear approach to the scomplex theme. Perhaps a clarification of angels as 'Watchers (of the Heavens)', predominant at least in the DSS corpus, would be appreciated. And - as usual - I came across the chosen terminology, i.e. angels as 'Holy Ones', IMO self-contradictory already in a vertical reading of Da 4.17 and - well recognizable in the widespread refs. to exclusively human 'Holy Ones' in NT, e.g. in Acts. In all likelihood the reason of your choice is founded in the (post-) 'Pauline' / Catholic paradigm shift in theogony, wherein, as a by-product, the inner structure of the pyramid of spiritual ascension was turned upside down, eventually to cement or to accelerate the progress of separation from the elder Jewish philosophy. However, from now one the 'Holy Ones' should form the peak instead of the former basis of a pyramid that originally had aspired at the Torah perfection of the 'Pious Ones'. But the consequence of any backward thinking, consciously or unconsciously, is a fundamental misunderstanding of all those ancient texts that precede this new spiritual order. Consequently I am still sceptical concerning Theo Gaster's 'thesis' of an equation of 'Holy Ones' with angels (per se?), at least in absence of any reference. Please disabuse me if necessary.

tot ziens,
_Dierk
RU Nijmegen, NL
-------------------------------------------
kullu nafsin dsa 'iqatu l-mawt (surah 3.185)
*all living is pervaded by the taste of death*
[Momentum of Shiite al-Mahdi Messianism]

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