This patch partially implements constexpr formatting from P3391R2,
and defines the feature test macro__cpp_lib_constexpr_format to 202511L,
provided only in <format>.

This patch mostly adds `_GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR` to functions.

Add `__format::__{toupper,memcpy}` functions that work in constexpr.

Due to constexpr limitations, previous implementation of
`_Arg_value::_M_set` via `_S_get` wouldn't work.
Instead of adding a `_S_set` function duplicating most of the
`_S_get` logic, generalize `_S_get` to `_S_get_set` by
folding over assignment, update `_M_set` to go through it.

Avoid using `_Ptr_sink` in constexpr, in `__do_vformat_to`
and `formatted_size`.

Update some formatting tests to test constexpr as well.

This patch is missing:
* wide constexpr formatting
* more constexpr tests

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:

        * include/bits/version.def (constexpr_format): Define.
        * include/bits/version.h: Regenerate.
        * include/std/format:
        (__format::__toupper, __format::memcpy): Define.
        (_Arg_value::_S_get): Generalize to _S_get_set.
        (__format::_Counting_constexpr_sink): Define.
        (__format::__do_vformat_to, formatted_size):
        Avoid using _Ptr_sink in constexpr.
        * testsuite/std/format/functions/format.cc: Constexpr testing.
        * testsuite/std/format/functions/format_to.cc: Constexpr testing.
        * testsuite/std/format/ranges/format_kind.cc: Constexpr testing.
        * testsuite/std/format/ranges/formatter.cc: Constexpr testing.
        * testsuite/std/format/ranges/sequence.cc: Constexpr testing.
        * testsuite/std/format/string.cc: Constexpr testing.
        * testsuite/std/format/tuple.cc: Constexpr testing.

Signed-off-by: Ivan Lazaric <[email protected]>
---
This patch is based on top of the 2 following not-yet-merged patches:
libstdc++: Store basic_format_arg::handle in __format::_Arg_value
libstdc++: Introduce __format::_Ptr_sink for contingous iterators



 libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def         |  10 +
 libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h           |  10 +
 libstdc++-v3/include/std/format               | 367 ++++++++++++++----
 .../testsuite/std/format/functions/format.cc  | 191 +++++----
 .../std/format/functions/format_to.cc         |  58 ++-
 .../std/format/ranges/format_kind.cc          |  11 +-
 .../testsuite/std/format/ranges/formatter.cc  |  40 +-
 .../testsuite/std/format/ranges/sequence.cc   |  73 +++-
 libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/string.cc   | 222 ++++++-----
 libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/tuple.cc    |  72 +++-
 10 files changed, 742 insertions(+), 312 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def 
b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
index c7709ba3a07..827498732c6 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
@@ -1330,6 +1330,16 @@ ftms = {
   };
 };
 
+ftms = {
+  name = constexpr_format;
+  // 202511 P3391R2 constexpr std::format
+  values = {
+    v = 202511;
+    cxxmin = 26;
+    hosted = yes;
+  };
+};
+
 ftms = {
   name = format_uchar;
   values = {
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h 
b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
index c72cda506f1..4911b741bb1 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
@@ -1476,6 +1476,16 @@
 #endif /* !defined(__cpp_lib_format) */
 #undef __glibcxx_want_format
 
+#if !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_format)
+# if (__cplusplus >  202302L) && _GLIBCXX_HOSTED
+#  define __glibcxx_constexpr_format 202511L
+#  if defined(__glibcxx_want_all) || defined(__glibcxx_want_constexpr_format)
+#   define __cpp_lib_constexpr_format 202511L
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif /* !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_format) */
+#undef __glibcxx_want_constexpr_format
+
 #if !defined(__cpp_lib_format_uchar)
 # if (__cplusplus >= 202002L) && _GLIBCXX_HOSTED
 #  define __glibcxx_format_uchar 202311L
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/format b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/format
index 245ea964675..1ecfabb2590 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/format
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/format
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 #define __glibcxx_want_format_ranges
 #define __glibcxx_want_format_uchar
 #define __glibcxx_want_constexpr_exceptions
+#define __glibcxx_want_constexpr_format
 #include <bits/version.h>
 
 #ifdef __cpp_lib_format // C++ >= 20 && HOSTED
@@ -98,6 +99,34 @@ namespace __format
 #define _GLIBCXX_WIDEN_(C, S) ::std::__format::_Widen<C>(S, L##S)
 #define _GLIBCXX_WIDEN(S) _GLIBCXX_WIDEN_(_CharT, S)
 
+  [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+  constexpr char
+  __toupper(char __c)
+  {
+    if consteval {
+      if (__c < 'a' || __c > 'z') return __c;
+      return __c - 'a' + 'A';
+    } else {
+#if __has_builtin(__builtin_toupper)
+      return __builtin_toupper(__c);
+#else
+      return std::toupper(__c);
+#endif
+    }
+  }
+
+  [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+  constexpr void
+  __memcpy(char* __dest, const char* __src, size_t __n)
+  {
+    if consteval {
+      for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
+       __dest[__i] = __src[__i];
+    } else {
+      __builtin_memcpy(__dest, __src, __n);
+    }
+  }
+
   // Size for stack located buffer
   template<typename _CharT>
     constexpr size_t __stackbuf_size = 32 * sizeof(void*) / sizeof(_CharT);
@@ -128,6 +157,7 @@ namespace __format
     struct _Runtime_format_string
     {
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Runtime_format_string(basic_string_view<_CharT> __s) noexcept
       : _M_str(__s) { }
 
@@ -173,6 +203,7 @@ namespace __format
        basic_format_string(const _Tp& __s);
 
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       basic_format_string(__format::_Runtime_format_string<_CharT> __s) 
noexcept
       : _M_str(__s._M_str)
       { }
@@ -197,12 +228,14 @@ namespace __format
 
 #if __cpp_lib_format >= 202311L // >= C++26
   [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline __format::_Runtime_format_string<char>
   runtime_format(string_view __fmt) noexcept
   { return __fmt; }
 
 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
   [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline __format::_Runtime_format_string<wchar_t>
   runtime_format(wstring_view __fmt) noexcept
   { return __fmt; }
@@ -238,6 +271,7 @@ namespace __format
 
   /// @cond undocumented
   [[noreturn]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline void
   __throw_format_error(const char* __what)
   { _GLIBCXX_THROW_OR_ABORT(format_error(__what)); }
@@ -249,26 +283,31 @@ namespace __format
   // XXX use named functions for each constexpr error?
 
   [[noreturn]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline void
   __unmatched_left_brace_in_format_string()
   { __throw_format_error("format error: unmatched '{' in format string"); }
 
   [[noreturn]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline void
   __unmatched_right_brace_in_format_string()
   { __throw_format_error("format error: unmatched '}' in format string"); }
 
   [[noreturn]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline void
   __conflicting_indexing_in_format_string()
   { __throw_format_error("format error: conflicting indexing style in format 
string"); }
 
   [[noreturn]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline void
   __invalid_arg_id_in_format_string()
   { __throw_format_error("format error: invalid arg-id in format string"); }
 
   [[noreturn]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline void
   __failed_to_parse_format_spec()
   { __throw_format_error("format error: failed to parse format-spec"); }
@@ -517,6 +556,7 @@ namespace __format
   using enum _WidthPrec;
 
   template<typename _Context>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     size_t
     __int_from_arg(const basic_format_arg<_Context>& __arg);
 
@@ -750,6 +790,7 @@ namespace __format
       }
 
       template<typename _Context>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        size_t
        _M_get_width(_Context& __ctx) const
        {
@@ -762,6 +803,7 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Context>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        size_t
        _M_get_precision(_Context& __ctx) const
        {
@@ -775,6 +817,7 @@ namespace __format
     };
 
   template<typename _Int>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline char*
     __put_sign(_Int __i, _Sign __sign, char* __dest) noexcept
     {
@@ -792,6 +835,7 @@ namespace __format
   // Write STR to OUT (and do so efficiently if OUT is a _Sink_iter).
   template<typename _Out, typename _CharT>
     requires output_iterator<_Out, const _CharT&>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline _Out
     __write(_Out __out, basic_string_view<_CharT> __str)
     {
@@ -809,6 +853,7 @@ namespace __format
   // Write STR to OUT with NFILL copies of FILL_CHAR specified by ALIGN.
   // pre: __align != _Align_default
   template<typename _Out, typename _CharT>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __write_padded(_Out __out, basic_string_view<_CharT> __str,
                   _Align __align, size_t __nfill, char32_t __fill_char)
@@ -883,6 +928,7 @@ namespace __format
   // Write STR to OUT, with alignment and padding as determined by SPEC.
   // pre: __spec._M_align != _Align_default || __align != _Align_default
   template<typename _CharT, typename _Out>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __write_padded_as_spec(basic_string_view<type_identity_t<_CharT>> __str,
                           size_t __estimated_width,
@@ -905,6 +951,7 @@ namespace __format
     }
 
    template<typename _CharT>
+     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
      size_t
      __truncate(basic_string_view<_CharT>& __s, size_t __prec)
      {
@@ -1049,6 +1096,7 @@ namespace __format
 
   using uint_least32_t = __UINT_LEAST32_TYPE__;
   template<typename _Out, typename _CharT>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __write_escape_seq(_Out __out, uint_least32_t __val,
                       basic_string_view<_CharT> __prefix)
@@ -1079,6 +1127,7 @@ namespace __format
     }
 
   template<typename _Out, typename _CharT>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __write_escape_seqs(_Out __out, basic_string_view<_CharT> __units)
     {
@@ -1090,6 +1139,7 @@ namespace __format
     }
 
   template<typename _Out, typename _CharT>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __write_escaped_char(_Out __out, _CharT __c)
     {
@@ -1116,6 +1166,7 @@ namespace __format
     }
 
   template<typename _CharT, typename _Out>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __write_escaped_ascii(_Out __out,
                          basic_string_view<_CharT> __str,
@@ -1146,6 +1197,7 @@ namespace __format
     }
 
   template<typename _CharT, typename _Out>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __write_escaped_unicode_part(_Out __out, basic_string_view<_CharT>& __str,
                                 bool& __prev_esc, _Term_char __term)
@@ -1224,6 +1276,7 @@ namespace __format
     }
 
   template<typename _CharT, typename _Out>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __write_escaped_unicode(_Out __out, basic_string_view<_CharT> __str,
                            _Term_char __term)
@@ -1236,6 +1289,7 @@ namespace __format
     }
 
   template<typename _CharT, typename _Out>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __write_escaped(_Out __out,  basic_string_view<_CharT> __str, _Term_char 
__term)
     {
@@ -1257,12 +1311,14 @@ namespace __format
   struct _Optional_locale
   {
     [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Optional_locale() : _M_dummy(), _M_hasval(false) { }
 
     _Optional_locale(const locale& __loc) noexcept
     : _M_loc(__loc), _M_hasval(true)
     { }
 
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Optional_locale(const _Optional_locale& __l) noexcept
     : _M_dummy(), _M_hasval(__l._M_hasval)
     {
@@ -1270,6 +1326,7 @@ namespace __format
        std::construct_at(&_M_loc, __l._M_loc);
     }
 
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Optional_locale&
     operator=(const _Optional_locale& __l) noexcept
     {
@@ -1291,6 +1348,7 @@ namespace __format
       return *this;
     }
 
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     ~_Optional_locale() { if (_M_hasval) _M_loc.~locale(); }
 
     _Optional_locale&
@@ -1317,6 +1375,7 @@ namespace __format
       return _M_loc;
     }
 
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     bool has_value() const noexcept { return _M_hasval; }
 
     union {
@@ -1391,6 +1450,7 @@ namespace __format
       }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Out
        format(basic_string_view<_CharT> __s,
               basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -1408,6 +1468,7 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Out
        _M_format_escaped(basic_string_view<_CharT> __s,
                          basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -1433,6 +1494,7 @@ namespace __format
 #if __glibcxx_format_ranges // C++ >= 23 && HOSTED
       template<ranges::input_range _Rg, typename _Out>
        requires same_as<remove_cvref_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Rg>>, _CharT>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Out
        _M_format_range(_Rg&& __rg, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) 
const
        {
@@ -1641,6 +1703,7 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Int, typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(_Int __i, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        {
@@ -1689,11 +1752,7 @@ namespace __format
              __res = to_chars(__start, __end, __u, 16);
              if (_M_spec._M_type == _Pres_X)
                for (auto __p = __start; __p != __res.ptr; ++__p)
-#if __has_builtin(__builtin_toupper)
-                 *__p = __builtin_toupper(*__p);
-#else
-                 *__p = std::toupper(*__p);
-#endif
+                 *__p = __format::__toupper(*__p);
              break;
            default:
              __builtin_unreachable();
@@ -1702,8 +1761,8 @@ namespace __format
          if (_M_spec._M_alt && __base_prefix.size())
            {
              __start -= __base_prefix.size();
-             __builtin_memcpy(__start, __base_prefix.data(),
-                              __base_prefix.size());
+             __format::__memcpy(__start, __base_prefix.data(),
+                                __base_prefix.size());
            }
          __start = __format::__put_sign(__i, _M_spec._M_sign, __start - 1);
 
@@ -1712,6 +1771,7 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(bool __i, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        {
@@ -1742,6 +1802,7 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        _M_format_character(_CharT __c,
                            basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -1773,6 +1834,7 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Int>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        static _CharT
        _S_to_character(_Int __i)
        {
@@ -1794,6 +1856,7 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        _M_format_int(string_view __narrow_str, size_t __prefix_len,
                      basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -2068,6 +2131,7 @@ namespace __format
       }
 
       template<typename _Fp, typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(_Fp __v, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        {
@@ -2197,7 +2261,7 @@ namespace __format
          if (__upper)
            {
              for (char* __p = __start; __p != __res.ptr; ++__p)
-               *__p = std::toupper(*__p);
+               *__p = __format::__toupper(*__p);
            }
 
          bool __have_sign = true;
@@ -2502,10 +2566,15 @@ namespace __format
       }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(const void* __v, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        {
-         auto __u = reinterpret_cast<__UINTPTR_TYPE__>(__v);
+         // Treating nullptr specially
+         // to enable constexpr formatting of nullptr_t.
+         auto __u = __v
+           ? reinterpret_cast<__UINTPTR_TYPE__>(__v)
+           : (__UINTPTR_TYPE__)0;
          char __buf[2 + sizeof(__v) * 2];
          auto [__ptr, __ec] = std::to_chars(__buf + 2, std::end(__buf),
                                             __u, 16);
@@ -2517,11 +2586,7 @@ namespace __format
            {
              __buf[1] = 'X';
              for (auto __p = __buf + 2; __p != __ptr; ++__p)
-#if __has_builtin(__builtin_toupper)
-               *__p = __builtin_toupper(*__p);
-#else
-               *__p = std::toupper(*__p);
-#endif
+               *__p = __format::__toupper(*__p);
            }
 #endif
 
@@ -2590,6 +2655,7 @@ namespace __format
       }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(_CharT __u, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        {
@@ -2628,6 +2694,7 @@ namespace __format
       }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, wchar_t>::iterator
        format(char __u, basic_format_context<_Out, wchar_t>& __fc) const
        {
@@ -2663,6 +2730,7 @@ namespace __format
 
       template<typename _Out>
        [[__gnu__::__nonnull__]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(_CharT* __u, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        { return _M_f.format(__u, __fc); }
@@ -2692,6 +2760,7 @@ namespace __format
 
       template<typename _Out>
        [[__gnu__::__nonnull__]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(const _CharT* __u,
               basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -2722,6 +2791,7 @@ namespace __format
       { return _M_f.parse(__pc); }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(const _CharT (&__u)[_Nm],
               basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -2751,6 +2821,7 @@ namespace __format
       { return _M_f.parse(__pc); }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, char>::iterator
        format(const basic_string<char, _Traits, _Alloc>& __u,
               basic_format_context<_Out, char>& __fc) const
@@ -2783,6 +2854,7 @@ namespace __format
       { return _M_f.parse(__pc); }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, wchar_t>::iterator
        format(const basic_string<wchar_t, _Traits, _Alloc>& __u,
               basic_format_context<_Out, wchar_t>& __fc) const
@@ -2816,6 +2888,7 @@ namespace __format
       { return _M_f.parse(__pc); }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, char>::iterator
        format(basic_string_view<char, _Traits> __u,
               basic_format_context<_Out, char>& __fc) const
@@ -2848,6 +2921,7 @@ namespace __format
       { return _M_f.parse(__pc); }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, wchar_t>::iterator
        format(basic_string_view<wchar_t, _Traits> __u,
               basic_format_context<_Out, wchar_t>& __fc) const
@@ -2911,6 +2985,7 @@ namespace __format
       }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(_Tp __u, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        { return _M_f.format(__u, __fc); }
@@ -3122,6 +3197,7 @@ namespace __format
       { return _M_f.parse(__pc); }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(const void* __v, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        { return _M_f.format(__v, __fc); }
@@ -3147,6 +3223,7 @@ namespace __format
       { return _M_f.parse(__pc); }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(void* __v, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        { return _M_f.format(__v, __fc); }
@@ -3172,6 +3249,7 @@ namespace __format
       { return _M_f.parse(__pc); }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(nullptr_t, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        { return _M_f.format(nullptr, __fc); }
@@ -3316,10 +3394,12 @@ namespace __format
       constexpr _Sink_iter
       operator++(int) { return *this; }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       auto
       _M_reserve(size_t __n) const
       { return _M_sink->_M_reserve(__n); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       _M_discarding() const
       { return _M_sink->_M_discarding(); }
@@ -3352,6 +3432,7 @@ namespace __format
 
       // The portion of the span that has been written to.
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       span<_CharT>
       _M_used() const noexcept
       { return _M_span.first(_M_next - _M_span.begin()); }
@@ -3369,6 +3450,7 @@ namespace __format
       { _M_next = _M_span.begin(); }
 
       // Replace the current output range.
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_reset(span<_CharT> __s, size_t __pos = 0) noexcept
       {
@@ -3409,10 +3491,13 @@ namespace __format
       struct _Reservation
       {
        // True if the reservation was successful, false otherwise.
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return _M_sink; }
        // A pointer to write directly to the sink.
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _CharT* get() const noexcept { return _M_sink->_M_next.operator->(); }
        // Add n to the _M_next iterator for the sink.
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        void _M_bump(size_t __n) { _M_sink->_M_bump(__n); }
        _Sink* _M_sink;
       };
@@ -3421,6 +3506,7 @@ namespace __format
       // If anything is written to the reservation then there must be a call
       // to _M_bump(N2) before any call to another member function of *this,
       // where N2 is the number of characters written.
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       virtual _Reservation
       _M_reserve(size_t __n)
       {
@@ -3438,11 +3524,13 @@ namespace __format
 
       // Update the next output position after writing directly to the sink.
       // pre: no calls to _M_write or _M_overflow since _M_reserve.
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       virtual void
       _M_bump(size_t __n)
       { _M_next += __n; }
 
       // Returns true if the _Sink is discarding incoming characters.
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       virtual bool
       _M_discarding() const
       { return false; }
@@ -3461,6 +3549,7 @@ namespace __format
   template<typename _CharT>
     class _Fixedbuf_sink final : public _Sink<_CharT>
     {
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_overflow() override
       {
@@ -3509,6 +3598,7 @@ namespace __format
       _Seq _M_seq;
     protected:
       // Transfer buffer contents to the sequence, so buffer can be refilled.
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_overflow() override
       {
@@ -3528,6 +3618,7 @@ namespace __format
        this->_M_rewind();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       typename _Sink<_CharT>::_Reservation
       _M_reserve(size_t __n) override
       {
@@ -3564,6 +3655,7 @@ namespace __format
          return _Sink<_CharT>::_M_reserve(__n);
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_bump(size_t __n) override
       {
@@ -3579,6 +3671,7 @@ namespace __format
          }
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void _M_trim(span<const _CharT> __s)
        requires __is_specialization_of<_Seq, basic_string>
       {
@@ -3595,15 +3688,18 @@ namespace __format
       // to _M_buf if it overflows? Or even do that for all unused capacity?
 
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Seq_sink() noexcept(is_nothrow_default_constructible_v<_Seq>)
       { }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Seq_sink(_Seq&& __s) noexcept(is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<_Seq>)
       : _M_seq(std::move(__s))
       { }
 
       using _Sink<_CharT>::out;
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Seq
       get() &&
       {
@@ -3614,6 +3710,7 @@ namespace __format
 
       // A writable span that views everything written to the sink.
       // Will be either a view over _M_seq or the used part of _M_buf.
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       span<_CharT>
       _M_span()
       {
@@ -3627,6 +3724,7 @@ namespace __format
        return __s;
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       basic_string_view<_CharT>
       view()
       {
@@ -3652,6 +3750,7 @@ namespace __format
     protected:
       size_t _M_count = 0;
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_overflow() override
       {
@@ -3672,6 +3771,7 @@ namespace __format
        _M_count += __s.size();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       _M_discarding() const override
       {
@@ -3682,6 +3782,7 @@ namespace __format
 
     public:
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       explicit
       _Iter_sink(_OutIter __out, iter_difference_t<_OutIter> __max = -1)
       : _M_out(std::move(__out)), _M_max(__max)
@@ -3689,6 +3790,7 @@ namespace __format
 
       using _Sink<_CharT>::out;
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       format_to_n_result<_OutIter>
       _M_finish() &&
       {
@@ -3861,11 +3963,13 @@ namespace __format
       size_t _M_printwidth;
 
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       _M_ignoring() const
       { return _M_printwidth >= _M_maxwidth; }
 
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       _M_buffering() const
       {
@@ -3876,6 +3980,7 @@ namespace __format
        return false;
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_sync_discarding()
       {
@@ -3884,6 +3989,7 @@ namespace __format
            _M_maxwidth = _M_printwidth;
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_flush()
       {
@@ -3894,6 +4000,7 @@ namespace __format
        this->_M_rewind();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       _M_force_update()
       {
@@ -3922,6 +4029,7 @@ namespace __format
        return false;
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       _M_update(size_t __new)
       {
@@ -3932,6 +4040,7 @@ namespace __format
        return true;
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_overflow() override
       {
@@ -3947,10 +4056,12 @@ namespace __format
          _Str_sink<_CharT>::_M_overflow();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       _M_discarding() const override
       { return _M_ignoring(); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       typename _Sink<_CharT>::_Reservation
       _M_reserve(size_t __n) override
       {
@@ -3970,6 +4081,7 @@ namespace __format
        return _Sink<_CharT>::_M_reserve(__n);
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_bump(size_t __n) override
       {
@@ -3985,6 +4097,7 @@ namespace __format
 
     public:
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       explicit
       _Padding_sink(_Out __out, size_t __padwidth, size_t __maxwidth)
       : _M_padwidth(__padwidth), _M_maxwidth(__maxwidth),
@@ -3992,11 +4105,13 @@ namespace __format
       { _M_sync_discarding(); }
 
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       explicit
       _Padding_sink(_Out __out, size_t __padwidth)
       : _Padding_sink(std::move(__out), __padwidth, (size_t)-1)
       { }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Out
       _M_finish(_Align __align, char32_t __fill_char)
       {
@@ -4036,6 +4151,7 @@ namespace __format
       unsigned _M_prev_escape : 1;
       unsigned _M_out_discards : 1;
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_sync_discarding()
       {
@@ -4043,6 +4159,7 @@ namespace __format
          _M_out_discards = _M_out._M_discarding();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_write()
       {
@@ -4069,6 +4186,7 @@ namespace __format
        _M_sync_discarding();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_overflow() override
       {
@@ -4078,12 +4196,14 @@ namespace __format
          _M_write();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       _M_discarding() const override
       { return _M_out_discards; }
 
     public:
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       explicit
       _Escaping_sink(_Out __out, _Term_char __term)
       : _M_out(std::move(__out)), _M_term(__term),
@@ -4093,6 +4213,7 @@ namespace __format
        _M_sync_discarding();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Out
       _M_finish()
       {
@@ -4141,6 +4262,7 @@ namespace __format
                            const _Tp, _Tp>;
 
       template<typename _Tq>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        static void
        _S_format(basic_format_parse_context<_CharT>& __parse_ctx,
                  _Context& __format_ctx, const void* __ptr)
@@ -4154,6 +4276,7 @@ namespace __format
 
       template<typename _Tp>
        requires (!is_same_v<remove_cv_t<_Tp>, _Handle>)
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        explicit
        _Handle(_Tp& __val) noexcept
        : _M_ptr(__builtin_addressof(__val))
@@ -4169,6 +4292,7 @@ namespace __format
       _Handle& operator=(const _Handle&) = default;
 
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       format(basic_format_parse_context<_CharT>& __pc, _Context& __fc) const
       { _M_func(__pc, __fc, this->_M_ptr); }
@@ -4226,102 +4350,111 @@ namespace __format
       };
 
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Arg_value() : _M_none() { }
 
 #if 0
       template<typename _Tp>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Arg_value(in_place_type_t<_Tp>, _Tp __val)
        { _S_get<_Tp>() = __val; }
 #endif
 
       template<typename _Tp, typename _Self>
        [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        static auto&
-       _S_get(_Self& __u) noexcept
+       _S_get_set(_Self& __u, auto... __value) noexcept
        {
          if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, bool>)
-           return __u._M_bool;
+           return (__u._M_bool = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, _CharT>)
-           return __u._M_c;
+           return (__u._M_c = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, int>)
-           return __u._M_i;
+           return (__u._M_i = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, unsigned>)
-           return __u._M_u;
+           return (__u._M_u = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, long long>)
-           return __u._M_ll;
+           return (__u._M_ll = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, unsigned long long>)
-           return __u._M_ull;
+           return (__u._M_ull = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, float>)
-           return __u._M_flt;
+           return (__u._M_flt = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, double>)
-           return __u._M_dbl;
+           return (__u._M_dbl = ... = __value);
 #ifndef _GLIBCXX_LONG_DOUBLE_ALT128_COMPAT
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, long double>)
-           return __u._M_ldbl;
+           return (__u._M_ldbl = ... = __value);
 #else
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, __ibm128>)
-           return __u._M_ibm128;
+           return (__u._M_ibm128 = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, __ieee128>)
-           return __u._M_ieee128;
+           return (__u._M_ieee128 = ... = __value);
 #endif
 #ifdef __SIZEOF_FLOAT128__
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, __float128>)
-           return __u._M_float128;
+           return (__u._M_float128 = ... = __value);
 #endif
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, const _CharT*>)
-           return __u._M_str;
+           return (__u._M_str = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, basic_string_view<_CharT>>)
-           return __u._M_sv;
+           return (__u._M_sv = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, const void*>)
-           return __u._M_ptr;
+           return (__u._M_ptr = ... = __value);
 #ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, __int128>)
-           return __u._M_i128;
+           return (__u._M_i128 = ... = __value);
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, unsigned __int128>)
-           return __u._M_u128;
+           return (__u._M_u128 = ... = __value);
 #endif
 #ifdef __BFLT16_DIG__
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, __bflt16_t>)
-           return __u._M_bf16;
+           return (__u._M_bf16 = ... = __value);
 #endif
 #ifdef __FLT16_DIG__
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, _Float16>)
-           return __u._M_f16;
+           return (__u._M_f16 = ... = __value);
 #endif
 #ifdef __FLT32_DIG__
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, _Float32>)
-           return __u._M_f32;
+           return (__u._M_f32 = ... = __value);
 #endif
 #ifdef __FLT64_DIG__
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, _Float64>)
-           return __u._M_f64;
+           return (__u._M_f64 = ... = __value);
 #endif
          else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, _Handle<_Context>>)
-           return __u._M_handle;
+           return (__u._M_handle = ... = __value);
          // Otherwise, ill-formed.
+         __builtin_unreachable();
        }
 
       template<typename _Tp>
        [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        auto&
        _M_get() noexcept
-       { return _S_get<_Tp>(*this); }
+       { return _S_get_set<_Tp>(*this); }
 
       template<typename _Tp>
        [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        const auto&
        _M_get() const noexcept
-       { return _S_get<_Tp>(*this); }
+       { return _S_get_set<_Tp>(*this); }
 
       template<typename _Tp>
        [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        void
        _M_set(_Tp __v) noexcept
        {
          if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, _Handle<_Context>>)
            std::construct_at(&_M_handle, __v);
+         else if constexpr (is_same_v<_Tp, basic_string_view<_CharT>>)
+           std::construct_at(&_M_sv, __v);
          else
-           _S_get<_Tp>(*this) = __v;
+           _S_get_set<_Tp>(*this, __v);
        }
       };
 
@@ -4330,6 +4463,7 @@ namespace __format
     class _Arg_store;
 
   template<typename _Visitor, typename _Ctx>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     decltype(auto) __visit_format_arg(_Visitor&&, basic_format_arg<_Ctx>);
 
   template<typename _Ch, typename _Tp>
@@ -4346,19 +4480,23 @@ namespace __format
     public:
       using handle = __format::_Handle<_Context>;
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       basic_format_arg() noexcept : _M_type(__format::_Arg_none) { }
 
       [[nodiscard,__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       explicit operator bool() const noexcept
       { return _M_type != __format::_Arg_none; }
 
 #if __cpp_lib_format >= 202306L // >= C++26
       template<typename _Visitor>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        decltype(auto)
        visit(this basic_format_arg __arg, _Visitor&& __vis)
        { return __arg._M_visit_user(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), 
__arg._M_type); }
 
       template<typename _Res, typename _Visitor>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Res
        visit(this basic_format_arg __arg, _Visitor&& __vis)
        { return __arg._M_visit_user(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), 
__arg._M_type); }
@@ -4536,6 +4674,7 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Tp>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        void
        _M_set(_Tp __v) noexcept
        {
@@ -4545,6 +4684,7 @@ namespace __format
 
       template<typename _Tp>
        requires __format::__formattable_with<_Tp, _Context>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        explicit
        basic_format_arg(_Tp& __v) noexcept
        {
@@ -4559,14 +4699,17 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Ctx, typename... _Argz>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        friend auto
        make_format_args(_Argz&...) noexcept;
 
       template<typename _Visitor, typename _Ctx>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        friend decltype(auto)
        visit_format_arg(_Visitor&& __vis, basic_format_arg<_Ctx>);
 
       template<typename _Visitor, typename _Ctx>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        friend decltype(auto)
        __format::__visit_format_arg(_Visitor&&, basic_format_arg<_Ctx>);
 
@@ -4575,6 +4718,7 @@ namespace __format
        __format::__to_arg_t_enum() noexcept;
 
       template<typename _Visitor>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        decltype(auto)
        _M_visit(_Visitor&& __vis, __format::_Arg_t __type)
        {
@@ -4650,6 +4794,7 @@ namespace __format
        }
 
       template<typename _Visitor>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        decltype(auto)
        _M_visit_user(_Visitor&& __vis, __format::_Arg_t __type)
        {
@@ -4674,6 +4819,7 @@ namespace __format
 
   template<typename _Visitor, typename _Context>
     _GLIBCXX26_DEPRECATED_SUGGEST("std::basic_format_arg::visit")
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline decltype(auto)
     visit_format_arg(_Visitor&& __vis, basic_format_arg<_Context> __arg)
     {
@@ -4684,6 +4830,7 @@ namespace __format
 namespace __format
 {
   template<typename _Visitor, typename _Ctx>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline decltype(auto)
     __visit_format_arg(_Visitor&& __vis, basic_format_arg<_Ctx> __arg)
     {
@@ -4693,6 +4840,7 @@ namespace __format
   struct _WidthPrecVisitor
   {
     template<typename _Tp>
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       size_t
       operator()(_Tp& __arg) const
       {
@@ -4719,6 +4867,7 @@ namespace __format
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
   template<typename _Context>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline size_t
     __int_from_arg(const basic_format_arg<_Context>& __arg)
     { return __format::__visit_format_arg(_WidthPrecVisitor(), __arg); }
@@ -4767,10 +4916,12 @@ namespace __format
        const _Format_arg* _M_args;       // Active when _M_packed_size == 0
       };
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       size_t
       _M_size() const noexcept
       { return _M_packed_size ? _M_packed_size : _M_unpacked_size; }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       typename __format::_Arg_t
       _M_type(size_t __i) const noexcept
       {
@@ -4779,6 +4930,7 @@ namespace __format
       }
 
       template<typename _Ctx, typename... _Args>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        friend auto
        make_format_args(_Args&...) noexcept;
 
@@ -4790,9 +4942,11 @@ namespace __format
 
     public:
       template<typename... _Args>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        basic_format_args(const _Store<_Args...>& __store) noexcept;
 
       [[nodiscard,__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       basic_format_arg<_Context>
       get(size_t __i) const noexcept
       {
@@ -4815,6 +4969,7 @@ namespace __format
       -> basic_format_args<_Context>;
 
   template<typename _Context, typename... _Args>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     auto
     make_format_args(_Args&... __fmt_args) noexcept;
 
@@ -4825,6 +4980,7 @@ namespace __format
       friend std::basic_format_args<_Context>;
 
       template<typename _Ctx, typename... _Argz>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        friend auto std::
 #if _GLIBCXX_INLINE_VERSION
        __8:: // Needed for PR c++/59256
@@ -4844,6 +5000,7 @@ namespace __format
       _Element_t _M_args[sizeof...(_Args)];
 
       template<typename _Tp>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        static _Element_t
        _S_make_elt(_Tp& __v)
        {
@@ -4870,6 +5027,7 @@ namespace __format
       template<typename... _Tp>
        requires (sizeof...(_Tp) == sizeof...(_Args))
        [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Arg_store(_Tp&... __a) noexcept
        : _M_args{_S_make_elt(__a)...}
        { }
@@ -4881,6 +5039,7 @@ namespace __format
 
   template<typename _Context>
     template<typename... _Args>
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       inline
       basic_format_args<_Context>::
       basic_format_args(const _Store<_Args...>& __store) noexcept
@@ -4915,6 +5074,7 @@ namespace __format
   /// Capture formatting arguments for use by `std::vformat`.
   template<typename _Context = format_context, typename... _Args>
     [[nodiscard,__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline auto
     make_format_args(_Args&... __fmt_args) noexcept
     {
@@ -4928,6 +5088,7 @@ namespace __format
   /// Capture formatting arguments for use by `std::vformat` (for wide output).
   template<typename... _Args>
     [[nodiscard,__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline auto
     make_wformat_args(_Args&... __args) noexcept
     { return std::make_format_args<wformat_context>(__args...); }
@@ -4937,6 +5098,7 @@ namespace __format
 namespace __format
 {
   template<typename _Out, typename _CharT, typename _Context>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     _Out
     __do_vformat_to(_Out, basic_string_view<_CharT>,
                    const basic_format_args<_Context>&,
@@ -4977,11 +5139,13 @@ namespace __format
       _Out _M_out;
       __format::_Optional_locale _M_loc;
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       basic_format_context(basic_format_args<basic_format_context> __args,
                           _Out __out)
       : _M_args(__args), _M_out(std::move(__out))
       { }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       basic_format_context(basic_format_args<basic_format_context> __args,
                           _Out __out, const std::locale& __loc)
       : _M_args(__args), _M_out(std::move(__out)), _M_loc(__loc)
@@ -4994,6 +5158,7 @@ namespace __format
       basic_format_context& operator=(const basic_format_context&) = delete;
 
       template<typename _Out2, typename _CharT2, typename _Context2>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        friend _Out2
        __format::__do_vformat_to(_Out2, basic_string_view<_CharT2>,
                                  const basic_format_args<_Context2>&,
@@ -5010,6 +5175,7 @@ namespace __format
        using formatter_type = formatter<_Tp, _CharT>;
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       basic_format_arg<basic_format_context>
       arg(size_t __id) const noexcept
       { return _M_args.get(__id); }
@@ -5018,8 +5184,10 @@ namespace __format
       std::locale locale() { return _M_loc.value(); }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       iterator out() { return std::move(_M_out); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void advance_to(iterator __it) { _M_out = std::move(__it); }
     };
 
@@ -5159,6 +5327,7 @@ namespace __format
     class _Formatting_scanner : public _Scanner<_CharT>
     {
     public:
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Formatting_scanner(basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc,
                          basic_string_view<_CharT> __str)
       : _Scanner<_CharT>(__str), _M_fc(__fc)
@@ -5266,6 +5435,7 @@ namespace __format
     };
 
   template<typename _Out, typename _CharT, typename _Context>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline _Out
     __do_vformat_to(_Out __out, basic_string_view<_CharT> __fmt,
                    const basic_format_args<_Context>& __args,
@@ -5286,7 +5456,8 @@ namespace __format
                      const char* __chars[] = { "false", "true" };
                      if (auto __res = __out._M_reserve(__len))
                        {
-                         __builtin_memcpy(__res.get(), __chars[__arg], __len);
+                         __format::__memcpy(__res.get(), __chars[__arg],
+                                            __len);
                          __res._M_bump(__len);
                          __done = true;
                        }
@@ -5324,7 +5495,8 @@ namespace __format
                      string_view __sv = __arg;
                      if (auto __res = __out._M_reserve(__sv.size()))
                        {
-                         __builtin_memcpy(__res.get(), __sv.data(), 
__sv.size());
+                         __format::__memcpy(__res.get(), __sv.data(),
+                                            __sv.size());
                          __res._M_bump(__sv.size());
                          __done = true;
                        }
@@ -5342,18 +5514,18 @@ namespace __format
          __scanner._M_scan();
          return __out;
        }
-      else if constexpr (__contiguous_char_iter<_CharT, _Out>)
-       {
-         _Ptr_sink<_CharT> __sink(__out);
-         __format::__do_vformat_to(__sink.out(), __fmt, __args, __loc);
-         return std::move(__sink)._M_finish(__out).out;
-       }
-      else
-       {
-         _Iter_sink<_CharT, _Out> __sink(std::move(__out));
-         __format::__do_vformat_to(__sink.out(), __fmt, __args, __loc);
-         return std::move(__sink)._M_finish().out;
-       }
+      else if not consteval {
+       if constexpr (__contiguous_char_iter<_CharT, _Out>)
+         {
+           _Ptr_sink<_CharT> __sink(__out);
+           __format::__do_vformat_to(__sink.out(), __fmt, __args, __loc);
+           return std::move(__sink)._M_finish(__out).out;
+         }
+      }
+
+      _Iter_sink<_CharT, _Out> __sink(std::move(__out));
+      __format::__do_vformat_to(__sink.out(), __fmt, __args, __loc);
+      return std::move(__sink)._M_finish().out;
     }
 
   template<typename _Out, typename _CharT>
@@ -5397,7 +5569,9 @@ namespace __format
        if constexpr (sizeof...(_Ts) != 0)
          {
            using _Parse_ctx = __format::_Scanner<_CharT>::_Parse_context;
-           auto __arg = static_cast<_Parse_ctx*>(this)->_M_types[__id];
+           auto* __ptr = static_cast<_Parse_ctx*>(this)->_M_types;
+           if (!__ptr) return; // formatting scanner
+           auto __arg = __ptr[__id];
            __format::_Arg_t __types[] = {
              __format::__to_arg_t_enum<_CharT, _Ts>()...
            };
@@ -5427,6 +5601,7 @@ namespace __format
 
   template<typename _Out> requires output_iterator<_Out, const char&>
     [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline _Out
     vformat_to(_Out __out, string_view __fmt, format_args __args)
     { return __format::__do_vformat_to(std::move(__out), __fmt, __args); }
@@ -5434,6 +5609,7 @@ namespace __format
 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
   template<typename _Out> requires output_iterator<_Out, const wchar_t&>
     [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline _Out
     vformat_to(_Out __out, wstring_view __fmt, wformat_args __args)
     { return __format::__do_vformat_to(std::move(__out), __fmt, __args); }
@@ -5460,6 +5636,7 @@ namespace __format
 #endif
 
   [[nodiscard]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline string
   vformat(string_view __fmt, format_args __args)
   {
@@ -5470,6 +5647,7 @@ namespace __format
 
 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
   [[nodiscard]]
+  _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
   inline wstring
   vformat(wstring_view __fmt, wformat_args __args)
   {
@@ -5501,6 +5679,7 @@ namespace __format
 
   template<typename... _Args>
     [[nodiscard]]
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline string
     format(format_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args)
     { return std::vformat(__fmt.get(), std::make_format_args(__args...)); }
@@ -5508,6 +5687,7 @@ namespace __format
 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
   template<typename... _Args>
     [[nodiscard]]
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline wstring
     format(wformat_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args)
     { return std::vformat(__fmt.get(), std::make_wformat_args(__args...)); }
@@ -5537,6 +5717,7 @@ namespace __format
 
   template<typename _Out, typename... _Args>
     requires output_iterator<_Out, const char&>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline _Out
     format_to(_Out __out, format_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args)
     {
@@ -5547,6 +5728,7 @@ namespace __format
 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
   template<typename _Out, typename... _Args>
     requires output_iterator<_Out, const wchar_t&>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline _Out
     format_to(_Out __out, wformat_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args)
     {
@@ -5579,6 +5761,7 @@ namespace __format
 
   template<typename _Out, typename... _Args>
     requires output_iterator<_Out, const char&>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline format_to_n_result<_Out>
     format_to_n(_Out __out, iter_difference_t<_Out> __n,
                format_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args)
@@ -5591,6 +5774,7 @@ namespace __format
 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
   template<typename _Out, typename... _Args>
     requires output_iterator<_Out, const wchar_t&>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline format_to_n_result<_Out>
     format_to_n(_Out __out, iter_difference_t<_Out> __n,
                wformat_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args)
@@ -5628,7 +5812,6 @@ namespace __format
 /// @cond undocumented
 namespace __format
 {
-#if 1
   template<typename _CharT>
     class _Counting_sink final : public _Ptr_sink<_CharT>
     {
@@ -5640,28 +5823,28 @@ namespace __format
       count() const
       { return this->_M_count + this->_M_used().size(); }
     };
-#else
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format // C++ >= 26
   template<typename _CharT>
-    class _Counting_sink : public _Buf_sink<_CharT>
+    class _Counting_constexpr_sink : public _Buf_sink<_CharT>
     {
       size_t _M_count = 0;
 
-      void
+      constexpr void
       _M_overflow() override
       {
-       if (!std::is_constant_evaluated())
-         _M_count += this->_M_used().size();
+       _M_count += this->_M_used().size();
        this->_M_rewind();
       }
 
     public:
-      _Counting_sink() = default;
+      _Counting_constexpr_sink() = default;
 
       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
-      size_t
+      constexpr size_t
       count() noexcept
       {
-       _Counting_sink::_M_overflow();
+       _Counting_constexpr_sink::_M_overflow();
        return _M_count;
       }
     };
@@ -5671,25 +5854,50 @@ namespace __format
 
   template<typename... _Args>
     [[nodiscard]]
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline size_t
     formatted_size(format_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args)
     {
-      __format::_Counting_sink<char> __buf;
-      std::vformat_to(__buf.out(), __fmt.get(),
-                     std::make_format_args(__args...));
-      return __buf.count();
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format // C++ >= 26
+      if consteval
+       {
+         __format::_Counting_constexpr_sink<char> __buf;
+         std::vformat_to(__buf.out(), __fmt.get(),
+                         std::make_format_args(__args...));
+         return __buf.count();
+      } else
+#endif
+       {
+         __format::_Counting_sink<char> __buf;
+         std::vformat_to(__buf.out(), __fmt.get(),
+                         std::make_format_args(__args...));
+         return __buf.count();
+       }
     }
 
 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
   template<typename... _Args>
     [[nodiscard]]
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     inline size_t
     formatted_size(wformat_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args)
     {
-      __format::_Counting_sink<wchar_t> __buf;
-      std::vformat_to(__buf.out(), __fmt.get(),
-                     std::make_wformat_args(__args...));
-      return __buf.count();
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format // C++ >= 26
+      if consteval
+       {
+         __format::_Counting_constexpr_sink<wchar_t> __buf;
+         std::vformat_to(__buf.out(), __fmt.get(),
+                         std::make_wformat_args(__args...));
+         return __buf.count();
+       }
+      else
+#endif
+       {
+         __format::_Counting_sink<wchar_t> __buf;
+         std::vformat_to(__buf.out(), __fmt.get(),
+                         std::make_wformat_args(__args...));
+         return __buf.count();
+       }
     }
 #endif
 
@@ -5754,6 +5962,7 @@ namespace __format
 namespace __format
 {
   template<typename _CharT, typename _Out, typename _Callback>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
     __format_padded(basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc,
                    const _Spec<_CharT>& __spec,
@@ -5773,14 +5982,17 @@ namespace __format
 
          struct _Restore_out
          {
+          _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
           _Restore_out(basic_format_context<_Sink_iter<_CharT>, _CharT>& __fc)
           : _M_ctx(std::addressof(__fc)), _M_out(__fc.out())
          { }
 
+          _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
          void
          _M_disarm()
          { _M_ctx = nullptr; }
 
+          _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
          ~_Restore_out()
          {
            if (_M_ctx)
@@ -5814,6 +6026,7 @@ namespace __format
       }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        void
        _M_format(__maybe_const<_Tp, _CharT>& __elem,
                  basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc,
@@ -5912,12 +6125,14 @@ namespace __format
 
     protected:
       template<typename _Tuple, typename _Out, size_t... _Ids>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        _M_format(_Tuple& __tuple, index_sequence<_Ids...>,
                  basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        { return _M_format_elems(std::get<_Ids>(__tuple)..., __fc); }
 
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        _M_format_elems(__maybe_const<_Tps, _CharT>&... __elems,
                        basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -5947,6 +6162,7 @@ namespace __format
          }
 
          template<typename _Out>
+           _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
            void
            _M_format(__maybe_const<_Tps, _CharT>&... __elems,
                      basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc,
@@ -5963,6 +6179,7 @@ namespace __format
        };
 
       template<size_t... _Ids>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        static auto
        _S_create_storage(index_sequence<_Ids...>)
          -> __formatters_storage<_Ids...>;
@@ -5999,6 +6216,7 @@ namespace __format
       // We deviate from standard, that declares this as template accepting
       // unconstrained FormatContext type, which seems unimplementable.
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(__maybe_const_pair& __p,
               basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -6026,6 +6244,7 @@ namespace __format
       // We deviate from standard, that declares this as template accepting
       // unconstrained FormatContext type, which seems unimplementable.
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(__maybe_const_tuple& __t,
               basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -6189,6 +6408,7 @@ namespace __format
       template<ranges::input_range _Rg, typename _Out>
        requires formattable<ranges::range_reference_t<_Rg>, _CharT> &&
                 same_as<remove_cvref_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Rg>>, _Tp>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(_Rg&& __rg, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        {
@@ -6201,6 +6421,7 @@ namespace __format
 
     private:
       template<ranges::input_range _Rg, typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        _M_format(_Rg& __rg, basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
        {
@@ -6218,6 +6439,7 @@ namespace __format
 
 
       template<ranges::input_range _Rg, typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        _M_format_elems(_Rg& __rg,
                        basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
@@ -6317,6 +6539,7 @@ namespace __format
       // We deviate from standard, that declares this as template accepting
       // unconstrained FormatContext type, which seems unimplementable.
       template<typename _Out>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        typename basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>::iterator
        format(__format::__maybe_const_range<_Rg, _CharT>& __rg,
               basic_format_context<_Out, _CharT>& __fc) const
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/functions/format.cc 
b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/functions/format.cc
index d342114083e..20171279764 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/functions/format.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/functions/format.cc
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // { dg-options "-fexec-charset=UTF-8" }
-// { dg-do run { target c++20 } }
+// { dg-do run { target c++26 } }
 // { dg-add-options no_pch }
 // { dg-additional-options "-DUNICODE" { target 4byte_wchar_t } }
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <testsuite_hooks.h>
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_no_args()
 {
   std::string s;
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ test_no_args()
   VERIFY( s == "128bpm }" );
 }
 
+// not constexpr because of PR124145
 void
 test_unescaped()
 {
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ struct brit_punc : std::numpunct<char>
   std::string do_falsename() const override { return "nah bruv"; }
 };
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_std_examples()
 {
   using namespace std;
@@ -125,10 +126,12 @@ test_std_examples()
     VERIFY(s0 == "1,+1,1, 1");
     string s1 = format("{0:},{0:+},{0:-},{0: }", -1);
     VERIFY(s1 == "-1,-1,-1,-1");
-    string s2 = format("{0:},{0:+},{0:-},{0: }", inf);
-    VERIFY(s2 == "inf,+inf,inf, inf");
-    string s3 = format("{0:},{0:+},{0:-},{0: }", nan);
-    VERIFY(s3 == "nan,+nan,nan, nan");
+    if not consteval {
+      string s2 = format("{0:},{0:+},{0:-},{0: }", inf);
+      VERIFY(s2 == "inf,+inf,inf, inf");
+      string s3 = format("{0:},{0:+},{0:-},{0: }", nan);
+      VERIFY(s3 == "nan,+nan,nan, nan");
+    }
   }
 
   // alternate form and zero fill
@@ -143,7 +146,7 @@ test_std_examples()
   }
 
   // integer presentation types
-  {
+  if not consteval {
     // Change global locale so "{:L}" adds digit separators.
     std::locale::global(std::locale({}, new brit_punc));
 
@@ -170,7 +173,7 @@ test_std_examples()
   }
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_alternate_forms()
 {
   std::string s;
@@ -180,23 +183,25 @@ test_alternate_forms()
   s = std::format("{0:#b} {0:+#B} {0:#o} {0:#x} {0:+#X} {0: #d}", 0);
   VERIFY( s == "0b0 +0B0 0 0x0 +0X0  0" );
 
-  s = std::format("{0:+#012g} {0:+#014g} {0:+#014g}", 1234.0);
-  VERIFY( s == "+00001234.00 +0000001234.00 +0000001234.00" );
-  s = std::format("{0:+#0{1}g} {0:+#0{2}g} {0:+#0{2}g}", 1234.5, 12, 14);
-  VERIFY( s == "+00001234.50 +0000001234.50 +0000001234.50" );
+  if not consteval {
+    s = std::format("{0:+#012g} {0:+#014g} {0:+#014g}", 1234.0);
+    VERIFY( s == "+00001234.00 +0000001234.00 +0000001234.00" );
+    s = std::format("{0:+#0{1}g} {0:+#0{2}g} {0:+#0{2}g}", 1234.5, 12, 14);
+    VERIFY( s == "+00001234.50 +0000001234.50 +0000001234.50" );
 
-  s = std::format("{:#.2g}", -0.0);
-  VERIFY( s == "-0.0" );
+    s = std::format("{:#.2g}", -0.0);
+    VERIFY( s == "-0.0" );
 
-  // PR libstdc++/108046
-  s = std::format("{0:#.0} {0:#.1} {0:#.0g}", 10.0);
-  VERIFY( s == "1.e+01 1.e+01 1.e+01" );
+    // PR libstdc++/108046
+    s = std::format("{0:#.0} {0:#.1} {0:#.0g}", 10.0);
+    VERIFY( s == "1.e+01 1.e+01 1.e+01" );
 
-  // PR libstdc++/113512
-  s = std::format("{:#.3g}", 0.025);
-  VERIFY( s == "0.0250" );
-  s = std::format("{:#07.3g}", 0.02);
-  VERIFY( s == "00.0200" );
+    // PR libstdc++/113512
+    s = std::format("{:#.3g}", 0.025);
+    VERIFY( s == "0.0250" );
+    s = std::format("{:#07.3g}", 0.02);
+    VERIFY( s == "00.0200" );
+  }
 }
 
 void
@@ -275,7 +280,7 @@ test_locale()
   std::locale::global(cloc);
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_width()
 {
   std::string s;
@@ -294,30 +299,33 @@ test_width()
   s = std::format("DR {0:{1}}: allow width {1} from arg-id", 3721, 0);
   VERIFY( s == "DR 3721: allow width 0 from arg-id" );
 
-  try {
-    s = std::format("Negative width is an error: {0:{1}}", 123, -1);
-    VERIFY(false);
-  } catch (const std::format_error&) {
-  }
+  // not constexpr because of PR124145
+  if not consteval {
+    try {
+      s = std::format("Negative width is an error: {0:{1}}", 123, -1);
+      VERIFY(false);
+    } catch (const std::format_error&) {
+    }
 
-  try {
-    bool no = false, yes = true;
-    auto args = std::make_format_args(no, yes);
-    s = std::vformat("DR 3720: restrict type of width arg-id {0:{1}}", args);
-    VERIFY(false);
-  } catch (const std::format_error&) {
-  }
+    try {
+      bool no = false, yes = true;
+      auto args = std::make_format_args(no, yes);
+      s = std::vformat("DR 3720: restrict type of width arg-id {0:{1}}", args);
+      VERIFY(false);
+    } catch (const std::format_error&) {
+    }
 
-  try {
-    char wat = '?', bang = '!';
-    auto args = std::make_format_args(wat, bang);
-    s = std::vformat("DR 3720: restrict type of width arg-id {0:{1}}", args);
-    VERIFY(false);
-  } catch (const std::format_error&) {
+    try {
+      char wat = '?', bang = '!';
+      auto args = std::make_format_args(wat, bang);
+      s = std::vformat("DR 3720: restrict type of width arg-id {0:{1}}", args);
+      VERIFY(false);
+    } catch (const std::format_error&) {
+    }
   }
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_char()
 {
   std::string s;
@@ -347,6 +355,7 @@ test_char()
   VERIFY( s == "11110000 11110000 240 360 f0 F0" );
 }
 
+// constexpr wide formatting not yet implemented
 void
 test_wchar()
 {
@@ -395,7 +404,7 @@ test_wchar()
   VERIFY( ws == L"0.5" );
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_minmax()
 {
   auto check = []<typename T, typename U = std::make_unsigned_t<T>>(T, U = 0) {
@@ -422,7 +431,7 @@ test_minmax()
 #endif
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_p1652r1() // printf corner cases in std::format
 {
   std::string s;
@@ -436,27 +445,31 @@ test_p1652r1() // printf corner cases in std::format
   s = std::format("{:c}", c);
   VERIFY( s == "A" );
 
-  // Problem 3: "-000nan" is not a floating point value
-  double nan = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
-  try {
-    s = std::vformat("{:0=6}", std::make_format_args(nan));
-    VERIFY( false );
-  } catch (const std::format_error&) {
+  if not consteval {
+    // Problem 3: "-000nan" is not a floating point value
+    double nan = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
+    try {
+      s = std::vformat("{:0=6}", std::make_format_args(nan));
+      VERIFY( false );
+    } catch (const std::format_error&) {
+    }
+  
+    s = std::format("{:06}", nan);
+    VERIFY( s == "   nan" );
   }
 
-  s = std::format("{:06}", nan);
-  VERIFY( s == "   nan" );
-
   // Problem 4: bool needs a type format specifier
   s = std::format("{:s}", true);
   VERIFY( s == "true" );
 
-  // Problem 5: double does not roundtrip float
-  s = std::format("{}", 3.31f);
-  VERIFY( s == "3.31" );
+  if not consteval {
+    // Problem 5: double does not roundtrip float
+    s = std::format("{}", 3.31f);
+    VERIFY( s == "3.31" );
+  }
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_pointer()
 {
   void* p = nullptr;
@@ -477,28 +490,30 @@ test_pointer()
   s = std::format("{:o<4},{:o>5},{:o^7}", p, pc, nullptr); // fill+align+width
   VERIFY( s == "0x0o,oo0x0,oo0x0oo" );
 
-  pc = p = &s;
-  str_int = std::format("{:#x}", reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(p));
-  s = std::format("{} {} {}", p, pc, nullptr);
-  VERIFY( s == (str_int + ' ' + str_int + " 0x0") );
-  str_int = std::format("{:#20x}", reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(p));
-  s = std::format("{:20} {:20p}", p, pc);
-  VERIFY( s == (str_int + ' ' + str_int) );
+  if not consteval {
+    pc = p = &s;
+    str_int = std::format("{:#x}", reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(p));
+    s = std::format("{} {} {}", p, pc, nullptr);
+    VERIFY( s == (str_int + ' ' + str_int + " 0x0") );
+    str_int = std::format("{:#20x}", reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(p));
+    s = std::format("{:20} {:20p}", p, pc);
+    VERIFY( s == (str_int + ' ' + str_int) );
 
 #if __cpp_lib_format >= 202304L
-  // P2510R3 Formatting pointers
-  s = std::format("{:06} {:07P} {:08p}", (void*)0, (const void*)0, nullptr);
-  VERIFY( s == "0x0000 0X00000 0x000000" );
-  str_int = std::format("{:#016x}", reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(p));
-  s = std::format("{:016} {:016}", p, pc);
-  VERIFY( s == (str_int + ' ' + str_int) );
-  str_int = std::format("{:#016X}", reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(p));
-  s = std::format("{:016P} {:016P}", p, pc);
-  VERIFY( s == (str_int + ' ' + str_int) );
+    // P2510R3 Formatting pointers
+    s = std::format("{:06} {:07P} {:08p}", (void*)0, (const void*)0, nullptr);
+    VERIFY( s == "0x0000 0X00000 0x000000" );
+    str_int = std::format("{:#016x}", reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(p));
+    s = std::format("{:016} {:016}", p, pc);
+    VERIFY( s == (str_int + ' ' + str_int) );
+    str_int = std::format("{:#016X}", reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(p));
+    s = std::format("{:016P} {:016P}", p, pc);
+    VERIFY( s == (str_int + ' ' + str_int) );
 #endif
+  }
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_bool()
 {
   std::string s;
@@ -519,7 +534,7 @@ test_bool()
   VERIFY( s == "0 0x1 0X0" );
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_unicode()
 {
 #ifdef UNICODE
@@ -579,19 +594,35 @@ test_unicode()
 #endif
 }
 
-int main()
+constexpr bool
+all_tests()
 {
   test_no_args();
-  test_unescaped();
   test_std_examples();
   test_alternate_forms();
-  test_locale();
   test_width();
   test_char();
-  test_wchar();
   test_minmax();
   test_p1652r1();
   test_pointer();
   test_bool();
   test_unicode();
+
+  if not consteval {
+    test_unescaped();
+    test_infnan();
+    test_locale();
+    test_wchar();
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format
+static_assert(all_tests());
+#endif
+
+int main()
+{
+  all_tests();
 }
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/functions/format_to.cc 
b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/functions/format_to.cc
index 94e6262bc66..df277e59be1 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/functions/format_to.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/functions/format_to.cc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// { dg-do run { target c++20 } }
+// { dg-do run { target c++26 } }
 
 #include <format>
 #include <locale>
@@ -11,17 +11,19 @@ struct punct : std::numpunct<char>
   std::string do_grouping() const override { return "\2"; }
 };
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test()
 {
   char buf[32] = { };
   auto out = std::format_to(buf, "test");
   VERIFY( out == buf+4 );
 
-  std::locale loc({}, new punct);
-  auto out2 = std::format_to(buf, loc, "{:Ld}", 12345);
-  VERIFY( out2 == buf+7 );
-  VERIFY( std::string_view(buf, out2 - buf) == "1,23,45" );
+  if not consteval {
+    std::locale loc({}, new punct);
+    auto out2 = std::format_to(buf, loc, "{:Ld}", 12345);
+    VERIFY( out2 == buf+7 );
+    VERIFY( std::string_view(buf, out2 - buf) == "1,23,45" );
+  }
 }
 
 struct wpunct : std::numpunct<wchar_t>
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ struct wpunct : std::numpunct<wchar_t>
   std::string do_grouping() const override { return "\2"; }
 };
 
+// constexpr wide formatting not yet implemented
 void
 test_wchar()
 {
@@ -50,20 +53,20 @@ struct move_only_iterator
   using difference_type = iterator::difference_type;
   using iterator_category = std::output_iterator_tag;
 
-  move_only_iterator(iterator b) : base_(b) { }
+  constexpr move_only_iterator(iterator b) : base_(b) { }
   move_only_iterator(move_only_iterator&&) = default;
   move_only_iterator& operator=(move_only_iterator&&) = default;
 
-  move_only_iterator& operator++() { ++base_; return *this; }
-  move_only_iterator operator++(int) { auto tmp = *this; ++base_; return tmp; }
+  constexpr move_only_iterator& operator++() { ++base_; return *this; }
+  constexpr move_only_iterator operator++(int) { auto tmp = *this; ++base_; 
return tmp; }
 
-  decltype(auto) operator*() { return *base_; }
+  constexpr decltype(auto) operator*() { return *base_; }
 
 private:
   iterator base_;
 };
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_move_only()
 {
   std::string str;
@@ -72,14 +75,16 @@ test_move_only()
     = std::format_to(std::move(mo), "for{:.3} that{:c}", "matte", (int)'!');
   VERIFY( str == "format that!" );
 
-  std::vector<wchar_t> vec;
-  move_only_iterator wmo(std::back_inserter(vec));
-  [[maybe_unused]] auto wres
-    = std::format_to(std::move(wmo), L"for{:.3} hat{:c}", L"matte", 
(long)L'!');
-  VERIFY( std::wstring_view(vec.data(), vec.size()) == L"format hat!" );
+  if not consteval {
+    std::vector<wchar_t> vec;
+    move_only_iterator wmo(std::back_inserter(vec));
+    [[maybe_unused]] auto wres
+      = std::format_to(std::move(wmo), L"for{:.3} hat{:c}", L"matte", 
(long)L'!');
+    VERIFY( std::wstring_view(vec.data(), vec.size()) == L"format hat!" );
+  }
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_pr110917()
 {
   // PR libstdc++/110917
@@ -90,10 +95,25 @@ test_pr110917()
   VERIFY( ! std::memcmp(buf, "abc 123", 7) );
 }
 
-int main()
+constexpr bool
+all_tests()
 {
   test();
-  test_wchar();
   test_move_only();
   test_pr110917();
+  
+  if not consteval {
+    test_wchar();
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format
+static_assert(all_tests());
+#endif
+
+int main()
+{
+  all_tests();
 }
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/format_kind.cc 
b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/format_kind.cc
index 1450fbaebc5..0f717fb025e 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/format_kind.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/format_kind.cc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// { dg-do run { target c++23 } }
+// { dg-do run { target c++26 } }
 
 #include <deque>
 #include <flat_map>
@@ -64,7 +64,8 @@ struct CustFormat : std::vector<T>
 template<typename T, std::range_format rf>
 constexpr auto std::format_kind<CustFormat<T, rf>> = rf;
 
-void test_override()
+constexpr bool
+test_override()
 {
   CustFormat<int, std::range_format::disabled> disabledf;
   static_assert( !std::formattable<decltype(disabledf), char> );
@@ -88,8 +89,14 @@ void test_override()
   VERIFY( std::format("{}", debugf) == R"("abcd")" );
   // Support precision as string do
   VERIFY( std::format("{:.3}", debugf) == R"("ab)" );
+
+  return true;
 }
 
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format
+static_assert(test_override());
+#endif
+
 int main()
 {
   test_override();
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/formatter.cc 
b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/formatter.cc
index a50c5b1033f..d4ada07194d 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/formatter.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/formatter.cc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// { dg-do run { target c++23 } }
+// { dg-do run { target c++26 } }
 
 #include <flat_map>
 #include <format>
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ struct std::formatter<MyVector<T, Formatter>, CharT>
   { return _formatter.parse(pc);  }
 
   template<typename Out>
-  typename std::basic_format_context<Out, CharT>::iterator
+  constexpr std::basic_format_context<Out, CharT>::iterator
   format(const MyVector<T, Formatter>& mv,
         std::basic_format_context<Out, CharT>& fc) const
   { return _formatter.format(mv, fc); }
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ private:
 };
 
 template<typename CharT, template<typename, typename> class Formatter>
-void
+constexpr void
 test_default()
 {
   MyVector<int, Formatter> vec{1, 2, 3};
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ test_default()
 }
 
 template<typename CharT, template<typename, typename> class Formatter>
-void
+constexpr void
 test_override()
 {
   MyVector<CharT, Formatter> vc{'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'};
@@ -115,15 +115,19 @@ test_override()
 }
 
 template<template<typename, typename> class Formatter>
-void test_outputs()
+constexpr void
+test_outputs()
 {
   test_default<char, Formatter>();
-  test_default<wchar_t, Formatter>();
   test_override<char, Formatter>();
-  test_override<wchar_t, Formatter>();
+  // constexpr wide formatting not yet implemented
+  if not consteval {
+    test_default<wchar_t, Formatter>();
+    test_override<wchar_t, Formatter>();
+  }
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_nested()
 {
   MyVector<MyVector<int>> v
@@ -152,7 +156,8 @@ struct std::formatter<MyFlatMap, CharT>
   : std::range_formatter<MyFlatMap::reference>
 {};
 
-void test_const_ref_type_mismatch()
+constexpr void
+test_const_ref_type_mismatch()
 {
   MyFlatMap m{{1, 11}, {2, 22}};
   std::string res = std::format("{:m}", m);
@@ -163,13 +168,15 @@ template<typename T, typename CharT>
 using VectorFormatter = std::formatter<std::vector<T>, CharT>;
 
 template<template<typename> typename Range>
-void test_nonblocking()
+constexpr void
+test_nonblocking()
 {
   static_assert(!std::enable_nonlocking_formatter_optimization<
                  Range<int>>);
 }
 
-int main()
+constexpr bool
+all_tests()
 {
   test_outputs<std::range_formatter>();
   test_outputs<VectorFormatter>();
@@ -179,4 +186,15 @@ int main()
   test_nonblocking<std::span>();
   test_nonblocking<std::vector>();
   test_nonblocking<MyVector>();
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format
+static_assert(all_tests());
+#endif
+
+int main()
+{
+  all_tests();
 }
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/sequence.cc 
b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/sequence.cc
index 7fb65f9c551..18228d14b5f 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/sequence.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/ranges/sequence.cc
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// { dg-do run { target c++23 } }
-// { dg-options "-fexec-charset=UTF-8" }
+// { dg-do run { target c++26 } }
+// { dg-options "-fexec-charset=UTF-8 -fconstexpr-ops-limit=5000000000" }
 // { dg-timeout-factor 2 }
 
 #include <array>
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ static_assert(!std::formattable<std::vector<NotFormattable>, 
char>);
 static_assert(!std::formattable<std::span<NotFormattable>, wchar_t>);
 
 template<typename... Args>
-bool
+constexpr bool
 is_format_string_for(const char* str, Args&&... args)
 {
   try {
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ is_format_string_for(const char* str, Args&&... args)
 }
 
 template<typename... Args>
-bool
+constexpr bool
 is_format_string_for(const wchar_t* str, Args&&... args)
 {
   try {
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ is_format_string_for(const wchar_t* str, Args&&... args)
 }
 
 template<typename Rg, typename CharT>
-bool is_range_formatter_spec_for(CharT const* spec, Rg&& rg)
+constexpr bool
+is_range_formatter_spec_for(CharT const* spec, Rg&& rg)
 {
   using V = std::remove_cvref_t<std::ranges::range_reference_t<Rg>>;
   std::range_formatter<V, CharT> fmt;
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ bool is_range_formatter_spec_for(CharT const* spec, Rg&& rg)
   }
 }
 
+// not constexpr because of PR124145
 void
 test_format_string()
 {
@@ -79,7 +81,8 @@ test_format_string()
 #define WIDEN(S) WIDEN_(CharT, S)
 
 template<typename CharT, typename Range, typename Storage>
-void test_output()
+constexpr void
+test_output()
 {
   using Sv = std::basic_string_view<CharT>;
   using T = std::ranges::range_value_t<Range>;
@@ -153,25 +156,35 @@ void test_output()
 }
 
 template<typename Cont>
-void test_output_cont()
+constexpr void
+test_output_cont()
 {
   test_output<char, Cont&, Cont>();
-  test_output<wchar_t, Cont const&, Cont>();
+  if not consteval {
+    test_output<wchar_t, Cont const&, Cont>();
+  }
 }
 
 template<typename View>
-void test_output_view()
+constexpr void
+test_output_view()
 {
   test_output<char, View, int[3]>();
-  test_output<wchar_t, View, int[3]>();
+  if not consteval {
+    test_output<wchar_t, View, int[3]>();
+  }
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_outputs()
 {
   using namespace __gnu_test;
   test_output_cont<std::vector<int>>();
-  test_output_cont<std::list<int>>();
+
+  if not consteval {
+    test_output_cont<std::list<int>>();
+  }
+
   test_output_cont<std::array<int, 3>>();
 
   test_output_view<std::span<int>>();
@@ -185,7 +198,7 @@ test_outputs()
   test_output_view<test_forward_range<const int>>();
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_nested()
 {
   std::vector<std::vector<int>> v
@@ -201,7 +214,8 @@ test_nested()
   VERIFY( res == "+[01, 02, 11, 12]+" );
 }
 
-bool strip_quote(std::string_view& v)
+constexpr bool
+strip_quote(std::string_view& v)
 {
   if (!v.starts_with('"'))
     return false;
@@ -209,7 +223,8 @@ bool strip_quote(std::string_view& v)
   return true;
 }
 
-bool strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, std::string_view expected, bool quoted 
= false)
+constexpr bool
+strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, std::string_view expected, bool quoted = 
false)
 {
   if (quoted && !strip_quote(v))
     return false;
@@ -221,7 +236,8 @@ bool strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, std::string_view 
expected, bool quoted =
   return true;
 }
 
-bool strip_squares(std::string_view& v)
+constexpr bool
+strip_squares(std::string_view& v)
 {
   if (!v.starts_with('[') || !v.ends_with(']'))
     return false;
@@ -230,7 +246,8 @@ bool strip_squares(std::string_view& v)
   return true;
 }
 
-bool strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, size_t n, char c)
+constexpr bool
+strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, size_t n, char c)
 {
   size_t pos = v.find_first_not_of(c);
   if (pos == std::string_view::npos)
@@ -241,7 +258,8 @@ bool strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, size_t n, char c)
   return true;
 }
 
-void test_padding()
+constexpr void
+test_padding()
 {
   std::string res;
   std::string_view resv;
@@ -323,10 +341,25 @@ void test_padding()
   VERIFY( check_elems(resv, false) );
 }
 
-int main()
+constexpr bool
+all_tests()
 {
-  test_format_string();
   test_outputs();
   test_nested();
   test_padding();
+
+  if not consteval {
+    test_format_string();
+  }
+  
+  return true;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format
+static_assert(all_tests());
+#endif
+
+int main()
+{
+  all_tests();
 }
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/string.cc 
b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/string.cc
index ee987a15ec3..024ed29f584 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/string.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/string.cc
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-// { dg-do run { target c++20 } }
+// { dg-do run { target c++26 } }
 
 #include <format>
 #include <testsuite_hooks.h>
 
 template<typename... Args>
-bool
+constexpr bool
 is_format_string_for(const char* str, Args&&... args)
 {
   try {
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ is_format_string_for(const char* str, Args&&... args)
 }
 
 template<typename... Args>
-bool
+constexpr bool
 is_format_string_for(const wchar_t* str, Args&&... args)
 {
   try {
@@ -27,28 +27,35 @@ is_format_string_for(const wchar_t* str, Args&&... args)
   }
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_no_args()
 {
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("") );
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("chars") );
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for(" The Great Escape {{}} ") );
 
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("}") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("}{") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{{}") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{{{") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{{{{{") );
+  // not constexpr because of PR124145
+  if not consteval {
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("}") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("}{") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{{}") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{{{") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{{{{{") );
+  }
 }
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_indexing()
 {
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{} to {}", "a", "b") );   // automatic indexing
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{1} to {0}", "a", "b") ); // manual indexing
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{0} to {}", "a", "b") );  // mixed indexing
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{} to {1}", "a", "b") );  // mixed indexing
+
+  // not constexpr because of PR124145
+  if not consteval {
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{0} to {}", "a", "b") );  // mixed indexing
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{} to {1}", "a", "b") );  // mixed indexing
+  }
 
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{} {} {}", 1, 2, 3) );
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{} {} {}", 1, 2, 3, 4) );
@@ -56,10 +63,13 @@ test_indexing()
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{1} {2} {3}", 1, 2, 3, 4) );
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{3} {3} {3}", 1, 2, 3, 4) );
 
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{2}", 1, 2) );
+  // not constexpr because of PR124145
+  if not consteval {
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{2}", 1, 2) );
 
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{0} {}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{} {0}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{0} {}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{} {0}", 1) );
+  }
 }
 
 #if __cpp_lib_format_ranges
@@ -68,7 +78,7 @@ constexpr bool escaped_strings_supported = true;
 constexpr bool escaped_strings_supported = false;
 #endif
 
-void
+constexpr void
 test_format_spec()
 {
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{:}", 1) );
@@ -78,92 +88,110 @@ test_format_spec()
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{0:} {0:c}", 'c') );
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{0:p} {0:}", nullptr) );
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{:d} {:+d}", true, true) );
-  VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{:0<-#03Ld}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{1:0<-#03.4Lf}", 1, 2.3) );
-  VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{1:3.3f}", 1, 2.3) );
+
+  if not consteval {
+    VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{:0<-#03Ld}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{1:0<-#03.4Lf}", 1, 2.3) );
+    VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{1:3.3f}", 1, 2.3) );
+  }
+  
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{:#d}", 'c') );
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{:#d}", true) );
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{0:s} {0:?}", "str") == 
escaped_strings_supported );
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{0:} {0:?}", 'c') == escaped_strings_supported 
);
 
-  // Invalid sign options.
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+}", "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+s}", "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+}", 'c') );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+c}", 'c') );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+p}", nullptr) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+}", true) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+s}", true) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+?}", "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+?}", 'c') );
-
-  // Invalid alternate forms.
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#}", "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#s}", "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#}", 'c') );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#c}", 'c') );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#}", true) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#s}", true) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#}", nullptr) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#p}", nullptr) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#?}", "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#?}", 'c') );
-
-  // The 0 option is not valid for charT and bool.
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:0c}", 'c') );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:0s}", true) );
-
-  // Dynamic width arg must be a standar integer type.
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, 1.5) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, true) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, nullptr) );
+  // not constexpr because of PR124145
+  if not consteval {
+    // Invalid sign options.
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+}", "str") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+s}", "str") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+}", 'c') );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+c}", 'c') );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+p}", nullptr) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+}", true) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+s}", true) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+?}", "str") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:+?}", 'c') );
+
+    // Invalid alternate forms.
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#}", "str") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#s}", "str") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#}", 'c') );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#c}", 'c') );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#}", true) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#s}", true) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#}", nullptr) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#p}", nullptr) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#?}", "str") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:#?}", 'c') );
+
+    // The 0 option is not valid for charT and bool.
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:0c}", 'c') );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:0s}", true) );
+
+    // Dynamic width arg must be a standar integer type.
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, 1.5) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, true) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, "str") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, nullptr) );
 #ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, static_cast<__int128>(1)) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}d}", 1, static_cast<__int128>(1)) );
 #endif
 
-  // Precision only valid for string and floating-point types.
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.3d}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:3.3d}", 1) );
+    // Precision only valid for string and floating-point types.
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.3d}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:3.3d}", 1) );
+  }
+
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{:3.3s}", "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:3.3s}", 'c') );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:3.3p}", nullptr) );
-
-  // Dynamic precision arg must be a standard integer type.
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.{}f}", 1.0, 1.5) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.{}f}", 1.0, true) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.{}f}", 1.0, "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.{}f}", 1.0, nullptr) );
-#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}f}", 1.0, static_cast<unsigned 
__int128>(1)) );
-#endif
 
-  // Invalid presentation types for integers.
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:f}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:s}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:g}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:E}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:D}", 1) );
+  // not constexpr because of PR124145
+  if not consteval {
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:3.3s}", 'c') );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:3.3p}", nullptr) );
 
-  // Invalid presentation types for floating-point types.
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:d}", 1.2) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:b}", 1.2) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:x}", 1.2) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:s}", 1.2) );
+    // Dynamic precision arg must be a standard integer type.
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.{}f}", 1.0, 1.5) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.{}f}", 1.0, true) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.{}f}", 1.0, "str") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:.{}f}", 1.0, nullptr) );
+#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:{}f}", 1.0, static_cast<unsigned 
__int128>(1)) );
+#endif
 
-  // Invalid presentation types for strings.
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:S}", "str") );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:d}", "str") );
+    // Invalid presentation types for integers.
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:f}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:s}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:g}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:E}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:D}", 1) );
+
+    // Invalid presentation types for floating-point types.
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:d}", 1.2) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:b}", 1.2) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:x}", 1.2) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:s}", 1.2) );
+
+    // Invalid presentation types for strings.
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:S}", "str") );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:d}", "str") );
+  }
 
   // Maximum integer value supported for widths and precisions is USHRT_MAX.
   VERIFY( is_format_string_for("{:65535}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( is_format_string_for(L"{:65535}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:65536}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for(L"{:65536}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:9999999}", 1) );
-  VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for(L"{:9999999}", 1) );
+
+  // constexpr wide formatting not yet implemented
+  if not consteval { 
+    VERIFY( is_format_string_for(L"{:65535}", 1) );
+    // PR124145
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:65536}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for(L"{:65536}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for("{:9999999}", 1) );
+    VERIFY( ! is_format_string_for(L"{:9999999}", 1) );
+  }
 }
 
+// not constexpr because of PR124145
 void
 test_pr110862()
 {
@@ -178,6 +206,7 @@ test_pr110862()
   }
 }
 
+// not constexpr because of PR124145
 void
 test_pr110974()
 {
@@ -197,11 +226,26 @@ test_pr110974()
   }
 }
 
-int main()
+constexpr bool
+all_tests()
 {
   test_no_args();
   test_indexing();
   test_format_spec();
-  test_pr110862();
-  test_pr110974();
+
+  if not consteval {
+    test_pr110862();
+    test_pr110974();
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format
+static_assert(all_tests());
+#endif
+
+int main()
+{
+  all_tests();
 }
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/tuple.cc 
b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/tuple.cc
index eace82730f0..8a840bc9868 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/tuple.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/std/format/tuple.cc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// { dg-do run { target c++23 } }
+// { dg-do run { target c++26 } }
 // { dg-options "-fexec-charset=UTF-8" }
 // { dg-timeout-factor 2 }
 
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ static_assert( !std::formattable<std::pair<int, 
NotFormattable>, char> );
 static_assert( !std::formattable<std::tuple<int, NotFormattable, int>, 
wchar_t> );
 
 template<typename... Args>
-bool
+constexpr bool
 is_format_string_for(const char* str, Args&&... args)
 {
   try {
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ is_format_string_for(const char* str, Args&&... args)
 }
 
 template<typename... Args>
-bool
+constexpr bool
 is_format_string_for(const wchar_t* str, Args&&... args)
 {
   try {
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ is_format_string_for(const wchar_t* str, Args&&... args)
 #define WIDEN_(C, S) ::std::__format::_Widen<C>(S, L##S)
 #define WIDEN(S) WIDEN_(CharT, S)
 
+// not constexpr because of PR124145
 void
 test_format_string()
 {
@@ -123,7 +124,8 @@ void test_multi()
 }
 
 template<typename CharT, typename Tuple>
-void test_empty()
+constexpr void
+test_empty()
 {
   std::basic_string<CharT> res;
 
@@ -142,7 +144,8 @@ void test_empty()
 }
 
 template<typename CharT, typename Pair>
-void test_pair()
+constexpr void
+test_pair()
 {
   using Ft = std::remove_cvref_t<std::tuple_element_t<0, Pair>>;
   using St = std::remove_cvref_t<std::tuple_element_t<1, Pair>>;
@@ -167,7 +170,8 @@ void test_pair()
 }
 
 template<typename CharT, template<typename, typename> class PairT>
-void test_pair_e()
+constexpr void
+test_pair_e()
 {
   test_pair<CharT, PairT<int, std::basic_string<CharT>>>();
   test_pair<CharT, PairT<int, const CharT*>>();
@@ -196,6 +200,7 @@ struct std::formatter<MyPair<Pair>, CharT>
   { return _formatter.parse(pc);  }
 
   template<typename Out>
+  constexpr
   typename std::basic_format_context<Out, CharT>::iterator
   format(const MyPair<Pair>& mp,
         std::basic_format_context<Out, CharT>& fc) const
@@ -206,7 +211,8 @@ private:
 };
 
 template<typename CharT, template<typename, typename> class PairT>
-void test_custom()
+constexpr void
+test_custom()
 {
   std::basic_string<CharT> res;
   MyPair<PairT<int, const CharT*>> c1(1, WIDEN("abc"));
@@ -228,9 +234,13 @@ void test_custom()
 }
 
 template<typename CharT>
-void test_outputs()
+constexpr void
+test_outputs()
 {
-  test_multi<CharT>();
+  if not consteval {
+    test_multi<CharT>();
+  }
+
   test_empty<CharT, std::tuple<>>();
   test_pair_e<CharT, std::pair>();
   test_pair_e<CharT, std::tuple>();
@@ -238,7 +248,8 @@ void test_outputs()
   test_custom<CharT, std::tuple>();
 }
 
-void test_nested()
+constexpr void
+test_nested()
 {
   std::string res;
   std::tuple<std::tuple<>, std::pair<int, std::string>> tt{{}, {1, "abc"}};
@@ -251,7 +262,8 @@ void test_nested()
   VERIFY( res == R"((): (1, "abc"))" );
 }
 
-bool strip_quote(std::string_view& v)
+constexpr bool
+strip_quote(std::string_view& v)
 {
   if (!v.starts_with('"'))
     return false;
@@ -259,7 +271,8 @@ bool strip_quote(std::string_view& v)
   return true;
 }
 
-bool strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, std::string_view expected, bool quoted 
= false)
+constexpr bool
+strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, std::string_view expected, bool quoted = 
false)
 {
   if (quoted && !strip_quote(v))
     return false;
@@ -271,7 +284,8 @@ bool strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, std::string_view 
expected, bool quoted =
   return true;
 }
 
-bool strip_parens(std::string_view& v)
+constexpr bool
+strip_parens(std::string_view& v)
 {
   if (!v.starts_with('(') || !v.ends_with(')'))
     return false;
@@ -280,7 +294,8 @@ bool strip_parens(std::string_view& v)
   return true;
 }
 
-bool strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, size_t n, char c)
+constexpr bool
+strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, size_t n, char c)
 {
   size_t pos = v.find_first_not_of(c);
   if (pos == std::string_view::npos)
@@ -291,7 +306,8 @@ bool strip_prefix(std::string_view& v, size_t n, char c)
   return true;
 }
 
-void test_padding()
+constexpr void
+test_padding()
 {
   std::string res;
   std::string_view resv;
@@ -351,13 +367,15 @@ struct std::formatter<Custom, CharT>
   { return pc.begin();  }
 
   template<typename Out>
+  constexpr
   typename std::basic_format_context<Out, CharT>::iterator
   format(Custom, const std::basic_format_context<Out, CharT>& fc) const
   { return fc.out(); }
 };
 
 template<template<typename...> typename Tuple>
-void test_nonblocking()
+constexpr void
+test_nonblocking()
 {
   static_assert(std::enable_nonlocking_formatter_optimization<
                  Tuple<int, float>>);
@@ -374,14 +392,30 @@ void test_nonblocking()
                  Tuple<Custom&, float&>>);
 }
 
-int main()
+constexpr bool
+all_tests()
 {
-  test_format_string();
   test_outputs<char>();
-  test_outputs<wchar_t>();
   test_nested();
   test_padding();
 
   test_nonblocking<std::pair>();
   test_nonblocking<std::tuple>();
+
+  if not consteval {
+    test_format_string();
+    // constexpr wide formatting not yet implemented
+    test_outputs<wchar_t>();
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_constexpr_format
+static_assert(all_tests());
+#endif
+
+int main()
+{
+  all_tests();
 }
-- 
2.43.0

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