On Tue, 19 May 2026, Marek Polacek wrote:
> On Tue, May 19, 2026 at 08:30:50AM -0400, Patrick Palka wrote:
> > On Mon, 18 May 2026, Marek Polacek wrote:
> >
> > > On Mon, May 18, 2026 at 09:34:23AM -0400, Patrick Palka wrote:
> > > > On Fri, 15 May 2026, Marek Polacek wrote:
> > > >
> > > > > On Thu, May 14, 2026 at 09:50:52PM -0400, Patrick Palka wrote:
> > > > > > On Thu, 14 May 2026, Marek Polacek wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > > Bootstrapped/regtested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, ok for trunk/16.2?
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > -- >8 --
> > > > > > > Thanks to DR 696 (r253266), this works:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > int g;
> > > > > > > void fn ()
> > > > > > > {
> > > > > > > int &c = g;
> > > > > > > auto l = [] { c++; };
> > > > > > > l();
> > > > > > > }
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > because `c` in the lambda body is not an odr-use because we can
> > > > > > > evaluate it to a constant and so there's no capture. But when
> > > > > > > fn is a template, we reject the code and crash. This patch fixes
> > > > > > > both.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Outside a template, the call to maybe_constant_value in mark_use
> > > > > > > evaluates `c` to `(int&) &g` but in a template, it remains `c`.
> > > > > > > Then we emit an error, and crash on the error_mark_node from
> > > > > > > process_outer_var_ref. One of the reasons is
> > > > > > > else if (TYPE_REF_P (TREE_TYPE (expression)))
> > > > > > > /* FIXME cp_finish_decl doesn't fold reference
> > > > > > > initializers. */
> > > > > > > return true;
> > > > > > > in value_dependent_expression_p but even if that changed, we still
> > > > > > > wouldn't get the referent because decl_really_constant_value
> > > > > > > wouldn't
> > > > > > > give it to us; the DECL_INITIAL is not a TREE_CONSTANT yet.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > So I stopped trying to make this work in a template, and instead
> > > > > > > I'm delaying the processing to instantiating when we know that
> > > > > > > maybe_constant_value wouldn't even try to evaluate.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > It seems with this patch we still incorrectly reject the case where
> > > > > > the outer
> > > > > > local variable is initially type-dependent (not a regression):
> > > > > >
> > > > > > int g;
> > > > > >
> > > > > > template<class T>
> > > > > > void
> > > > > > fn1 ()
> > > > > > {
> > > > > > T c = g;
> > > > > > auto l = [] { c++; }; // bogus error: 'c' is not captured
> > > > > > l();
> > > > > > }
> > > > > >
> > > > > > void
> > > > > > bar ()
> > > > > > {
> > > > > > fn1<int&> ();
> > > > > > }
> > > > > >
> > > > > > via process_outer_var_ref, this time called from
> > > > > > finish_id_expression_1.
> > > > > > Maybe we can make both testcases work if we instead give
> > > > > > process_outer_var_ref
> > > > > > an early exit for when the outer variable is from a template?
> > > > >
> > > > > Thanks for that testcase; I hadn't considered it.
> > > > >
> > > > > What do y'all think about this approach, then? I think we want the
> > > > > new
> > > > > check only after checking !odr_use && decl_constant_var_p.
> > > > >
> > > > > dg.exp passed thus far.
> > > > >
> > > > > -- >8 --
> > > > > Thanks to DR 696 (r253266), this works:
> > > > >
> > > > > int g;
> > > > > void fn ()
> > > > > {
> > > > > int &c = g;
> > > > > auto l = [] { c++; };
> > > > > l();
> > > > > }
> > > > >
> > > > > because `c` in the lambda body is not an odr-use because we can
> > > > > evaluate it to a constant and so there's no capture. But when
> > > > > fn is a template, we reject the code and crash. This patch fixes
> > > > > both.
> > > > >
> > > > > Outside a template, the call to maybe_constant_value in mark_use
> > > > > evaluates `c` to `(int&) &g` but in a template, it remains `c`.
> > > > > Then we emit an error, and crash on the error_mark_node from
> > > > > process_outer_var_ref. One of the reasons is
> > > > > else if (TYPE_REF_P (TREE_TYPE (expression)))
> > > > > /* FIXME cp_finish_decl doesn't fold reference initializers.
> > > > > */
> > > > > return true;
> > > > > in value_dependent_expression_p but even if that changed, we still
> > > > > wouldn't get the referent because decl_really_constant_value wouldn't
> > > > > give it to us; the DECL_INITIAL is not a TREE_CONSTANT yet.
> > > > >
> > > > > So I stopped trying to make this work in a template, and instead
> > > > > I'm deferring the error in process_outer_var_ref to instantiation
> > > > > when it's instantiation-dependent.
> > > > >
> > > > > PR c++/123536
> > > > >
> > > > > gcc/cp/ChangeLog:
> > > > >
> > > > > * semantics.cc (process_outer_var_ref): Return decl when it is
> > > > > instantiation-dependent.
> > > > >
> > > > > gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
> > > > >
> > > > > * g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C: New test.
> > > > > * g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C: New test.
> > > > > ---
> > > > > gcc/cp/semantics.cc | 5 ++
> > > > > .../g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C | 48
> > > > > +++++++++++++++++++
> > > > > .../g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C | 19 ++++++++
> > > > > 3 files changed, 72 insertions(+)
> > > > > create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C
> > > > > create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C
> > > > >
> > > > > diff --git a/gcc/cp/semantics.cc b/gcc/cp/semantics.cc
> > > > > index 6564d9e37a6..201519ef411 100644
> > > > > --- a/gcc/cp/semantics.cc
> > > > > +++ b/gcc/cp/semantics.cc
> > > > > @@ -4699,6 +4699,11 @@ process_outer_var_ref (tree decl,
> > > > > tsubst_flags_t complain, bool odr_use)
> > > > > return var;
> > > > > else if (lambda_expr)
> > > > > {
> > > > > + /* Don't complain when DECL is dependent, because it can turn
> > > > > out to
> > > > > + be constant (and therefore needing no capture) when
> > > > > instantiating. */
> > > > > + if (instantiation_dependent_expression_p (decl))
> > > > > + return decl;
> > > > > +
> > > >
> > > > Presumably we also want to accept the nested class version of
> > > > lambda-const13.C:
> > > >
> > > > int g;
> > > >
> > > > template<class T>
> > > > void
> > > > fn1 ()
> > > > {
> > > > T c = g;
> > > > struct A { static void f() { c++; } };
> > > > A::f();
> > > > }
> > > >
> > > > void
> > > > bar ()
> > > > {
> > > > fn1<int&> ();
> > > > }
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > So the early exit should be independent of whether we're inside a
> > > > lambda.
> > >
> > > Oop, yes. I moved the check up and also added VAR_P because
> > > I *think* for PARM_DECLs we don't need/want that i_d_e_p check.
> > > Without it pr57416.C regresses its diagnostic a bit.
> > >
> > > > Does instantiation_dependent_expression_p work for:
> > > >
> > > > template<class T>
> > > > void
> > > > fn2 ()
> > > > {
> > > > int& c = T::static_data_member; // not marked constant at parse
> > > > time
> > > > auto l = [] { c++; };
> > > > l();
> > > > }
> > >
> > > It does seem to work. I discovered a crash on invalid when trying
> > > out this test, thus the mark_use hunk. Tested in lambda-const14.C.
> > >
> > > > Maybe the early exit test should just be whether the context of the
> > > > outer variable is dependent.
> > >
> > > Bootstrapped/regtested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, ok for trunk/16.2?
> > >
> > > -- >8 --
> > > Thanks to DR 696 (r253266), this works:
> > >
> > > int g;
> > > void fn ()
> > > {
> > > int &c = g;
> > > auto l = [] { c++; };
> > > l();
> > > }
> > >
> > > because `c` in the lambda body is not an odr-use because we can
> > > evaluate it to a constant and so there's no capture. But when
> > > fn is a template, we reject the code and crash. This patch fixes
> > > both.
> > >
> > > Outside a template, the call to maybe_constant_value in mark_use
> > > evaluates `c` to `(int&) &g` but in a template, it remains `c`.
> > > Then we emit an error, and crash on the error_mark_node from
> > > process_outer_var_ref. One of the reasons is
> > > else if (TYPE_REF_P (TREE_TYPE (expression)))
> > > /* FIXME cp_finish_decl doesn't fold reference initializers. */
> > > return true;
> > > in value_dependent_expression_p but even if that changed, we still
> > > wouldn't get the referent because decl_really_constant_value wouldn't
> > > give it to us; the DECL_INITIAL is not a TREE_CONSTANT yet.
> > >
> > > So I stopped trying to make this work in a template, and instead
> > > I'm deferring the error in process_outer_var_ref to instantiation
> > > when it's instantiation-dependent. The VAR_P check there is not
> > > to regress the diagnostic in pr57416.C.
> > >
> > > The mark_use hunk is to fix a crash on invalid (lambda-const14.C).
> > >
> > > PR c++/123536
> > >
> > > gcc/cp/ChangeLog:
> > >
> > > * expr.cc (mark_use): Return if mark_rvalue_use returns
> > > error_mark_node.
> > > * semantics.cc (process_outer_var_ref): Return decl when it is
> > > instantiation-dependent.
> > >
> > > gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
> > >
> > > * g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C: New test.
> > > * g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C: New test.
> > > * g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const14.C: New test.
> > > * g++.dg/template/local11.C: New test.
> > > ---
> > > gcc/cp/expr.cc | 2 +
> > > gcc/cp/semantics.cc | 6 +-
> > > .../g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C | 62 +++++++++++++++++++
> > > .../g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C | 19 ++++++
> > > .../g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const14.C | 16 +++++
> > > gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/local11.C | 18 ++++++
> > > 6 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> > > create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C
> > > create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C
> > > create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const14.C
> > > create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/local11.C
> > >
> > > diff --git a/gcc/cp/expr.cc b/gcc/cp/expr.cc
> > > index 4d017d530ef..516cea084a6 100644
> > > --- a/gcc/cp/expr.cc
> > > +++ b/gcc/cp/expr.cc
> > > @@ -182,6 +182,8 @@ mark_use (tree expr, bool rvalue_p, bool read_p,
> > > }
> > > }
> > > tree r = mark_rvalue_use (ref, loc, reject_builtin);
> > > + if (r == error_mark_node)
> > > + return error_mark_node;
> > > if (r != ref)
> > > {
> > > if (!rvalue_p)
> > > diff --git a/gcc/cp/semantics.cc b/gcc/cp/semantics.cc
> > > index 6564d9e37a6..5e64a220e4f 100644
> > > --- a/gcc/cp/semantics.cc
> > > +++ b/gcc/cp/semantics.cc
> > > @@ -4697,6 +4697,10 @@ process_outer_var_ref (tree decl, tsubst_flags_t
> > > complain, bool odr_use)
> > > constant without odr-use. So don't complain yet. */
> > > else if (!odr_use && decl_constant_var_p (var))
> > > return var;
> > > + /* Don't complain when DECL is dependent, because it can turn out to
> > > + be constant (and therefore needing no capture) when instantiating.
> > > */
> > > + else if (VAR_P (decl) && instantiation_dependent_expression_p (decl))
> > > + return decl;
> >
> > Think we need to look through capture proxies here by using 'var'
> > instead of 'decl' here for sake of:
> >
> > struct A { static int x; };
> >
> > template<class T>
> > void
> > fn1 ()
> > {
> > int& c = T::x;
> > [&c] {
> > [] { c++; }();
> > };
> > }
> >
> > void
> > bar ()
> > {
> > fn1<A> ();
> > }
>
> Fixed. I used var and then changed it back to decl, sigh.
> Thanks for catching that.
>
> Testing this, dg.exp passed.
>
> -- >8 --
> Thanks to DR 696 (r253266), this works:
>
> int g;
> void fn ()
> {
> int &c = g;
> auto l = [] { c++; };
> l();
> }
>
> because `c` in the lambda body is not an odr-use because we can
> evaluate it to a constant and so there's no capture. But when
> fn is a template, we reject the code and crash. This patch fixes
> both.
>
> Outside a template, the call to maybe_constant_value in mark_use
> evaluates `c` to `(int&) &g` but in a template, it remains `c`.
> Then we emit an error, and crash on the error_mark_node from
> process_outer_var_ref. One of the reasons is
> else if (TYPE_REF_P (TREE_TYPE (expression)))
> /* FIXME cp_finish_decl doesn't fold reference initializers. */
> return true;
> in value_dependent_expression_p but even if that changed, we still
> wouldn't get the referent because decl_really_constant_value wouldn't
> give it to us; the DECL_INITIAL is not a TREE_CONSTANT yet.
>
> So I stopped trying to make this work in a template, and instead
> I'm deferring the error in process_outer_var_ref to instantiation
> when it's instantiation-dependent. The VAR_P check there is not
> to regress the diagnostic in pr57416.C.
>
> The mark_use hunk is to fix a crash on invalid (lambda-const14.C).
>
> PR c++/123536
>
> gcc/cp/ChangeLog:
>
> * expr.cc (mark_use): Return if mark_rvalue_use returns
> error_mark_node.
> * semantics.cc (process_outer_var_ref): Return decl when it is
> instantiation-dependent.
>
> gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
>
> * g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C: New test.
> * g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C: New test.
> * g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const14.C: New test.
> * g++.dg/template/local11.C: New test.
LGTM but I defer to Jason.
> ---
> gcc/cp/expr.cc | 2 +
> gcc/cp/semantics.cc | 6 +-
> .../g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C | 73 +++++++++++++++++++
> .../g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C | 19 +++++
> .../g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const14.C | 16 ++++
> gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/local11.C | 18 +++++
> 6 files changed, 133 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C
> create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C
> create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const14.C
> create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/local11.C
>
> diff --git a/gcc/cp/expr.cc b/gcc/cp/expr.cc
> index 4d017d530ef..516cea084a6 100644
> --- a/gcc/cp/expr.cc
> +++ b/gcc/cp/expr.cc
> @@ -182,6 +182,8 @@ mark_use (tree expr, bool rvalue_p, bool read_p,
> }
> }
> tree r = mark_rvalue_use (ref, loc, reject_builtin);
> + if (r == error_mark_node)
> + return error_mark_node;
> if (r != ref)
> {
> if (!rvalue_p)
> diff --git a/gcc/cp/semantics.cc b/gcc/cp/semantics.cc
> index 490441dba6c..6dd46b14359 100644
> --- a/gcc/cp/semantics.cc
> +++ b/gcc/cp/semantics.cc
> @@ -4697,6 +4697,10 @@ process_outer_var_ref (tree decl, tsubst_flags_t
> complain, bool odr_use)
While we're modifying process_outer_var_ref could you also document
odr_use's default argument with /* = false */?
LGTM but wonder what Jason think
> constant without odr-use. So don't complain yet. */
> else if (!odr_use && decl_constant_var_p (var))
> return var;
> + /* Don't complain when DECL is dependent, because it can turn out to
> + be constant (and therefore needing no capture) when instantiating. */
> + else if (VAR_P (var) && instantiation_dependent_expression_p (var))
> + return var;
> else if (lambda_expr)
> {
> if (complain & tf_error)
> @@ -4715,7 +4719,7 @@ process_outer_var_ref (tree decl, tsubst_flags_t
> complain, bool odr_use)
> }
> return error_mark_node;
> }
> - else if (processing_contract_condition && (TREE_CODE (decl) == PARM_DECL))
> + else if (processing_contract_condition && TREE_CODE (decl) == PARM_DECL)
> /* Use of a parameter in a contract condition is fine. */
> return decl;
> else
> diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C
> b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000000..fc18b63f9b2
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const12.C
> @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
> +// PR c++/123536
> +// { dg-do compile { target c++11 } }
> +
> +int g;
> +
> +struct S {
> + static int static_data_member;
> +};
> +
> +template<int = 1>
> +void
> +fn1 ()
> +{
> + int &c = g;
> + auto l = [] { c++; };
> + l();
> +}
> +
> +template<int N = 1>
> +void
> +fn2 ()
> +{
> + const int &c = N;
> + auto l = [] { int i = c; (void) i; }; // { dg-error ".c. is not captured" }
> + l();
> +}
> +
> +void
> +fn3 ()
> +{
> + int &c = g;
> + auto l = [] { c++; };
> + l();
> +}
> +
> +void
> +fn4 ()
> +{
> + int n = 42;
> + const int &c = n;
> + auto l = [] { int i = c; (void) i; }; // { dg-error ".c. is not captured" }
> + l();
> +}
> +
> +template<class T>
> +void
> +fn5 ()
> +{
> + int& c = T::static_data_member;
> + auto l = [] { c++; };
> + l();
> +}
> +
> +template<class T>
> +void
> +fn6 ()
> +{
> + int& c = T::static_data_member;
> + [&c] {
> + [] { c++; }();
> + };
> +}
> +
> +void
> +bar ()
> +{
> + fn1 ();
> + fn2 ();
> + fn3 ();
> + fn4 ();
> + fn5<S>();
> + fn6<S>();
> +}
> diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C
> b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000000..a6044c52e7e
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const13.C
> @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
> +// PR c++/123536
> +// { dg-do compile { target c++11 } }
> +
> +int g;
> +
> +template<class T>
> +void
> +fn1 ()
> +{
> + T c = g;
> + auto l = [] { c++; };
> + l();
> +}
> +
> +void
> +bar ()
> +{
> + fn1<int&> ();
> +}
> diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const14.C
> b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const14.C
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000000..2299556a4e6
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/lambda/lambda-const14.C
> @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
> +// PR c++/123536
> +// { dg-do compile { target c++11 } }
> +
> +template<class T>
> +void
> +f ()
> +{
> + int& c = T::x; // { dg-error ".x. is not a member of .int." }
> + auto l = [] { c++; }; // { dg-error ".c. is not captured" }
> +}
> +
> +void
> +g ()
> +{
> + f<int>();
> +}
> diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/local11.C
> b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/local11.C
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000000..f75b748caa8
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/local11.C
> @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
> +// PR c++/123536
> +
> +int g;
> +
> +template<class T>
> +void
> +fn1 ()
> +{
> + T c = g;
> + struct A { static void f() { c++; } };
> + A::f();
> +}
> +
> +void
> +bar ()
> +{
> + fn1<int&> ();
> +}
>
> base-commit: acfdad706d8acca6c4ed6ef3b63c2e02f1c47881
> --
> 2.54.0
>
>
