memory allocation

[zhaobin xv]

Hi
As I know in C :
a. Global and static variables locate at data segment
b. When a function is called, memory is allocated on the stack to hold
parameter values, local variables, and the address of the calling
function
c. the struct is aligned based on the greatest alignment requirement
of it's members.
I want to know what these base on to define?
Are there some manual or book about these?