http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652614010154
Journal of Cleaner Production Available online 2 October 2014, doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.09.076 In Press, Accepted Manuscript — Note to users Review of Geoengineering Approaches to Mitigating Climate Change Zhihua Zhang John C. Moore Yongxin Zhao Highlights •The main attraction of geoengineering lies in that it has short lead times for technical implementation and act rapidly to mitigate climate change.•Geoengineering schemes cannot stabilize or control all climate parameters at the same time. •Side effects and uncertainties of various geoengineering schemes are huge. Abstract Geoengineering, which is the intentional large-scale manipulation of the environment, has been suggested as an effective means of mitigating global warming from anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, we will review and assess technical and theoretical aspects of land-based, atmosphere-based, ocean-based and space-based geoengineering schemes as well as their potential impacts on global climate and ecosystem. Most of the proposed geoengineering schemes carried out on land or in the ocean are to use physical, chemical or biological approaches to remove atmospheric CO2. These schemes are able to only sequester an amount of atmospheric CO2 that is small compared with cumulative anthropogenic emissions. Most of geoengineering schemes carried out in the atmosphere or space are based on increasing planetary albedo. These schemes have relatively low costs and short lead times for technical implementation, and can act rapidly to reduce temperature anomalies caused by greenhouse gas emissions. The costs and benefits of geoengineering are likely to vary spatially over the planet with some countries and regions gaining considerably (e.g. maize production in China) while others may be faced with a worse set of circumstances (e.g. serious drought, climatic extreme events) than would be the case without geoengineering. Since current research on geoenigineering is limited and various international treaties may limit some geoengineering experiments in the real world, the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) provides a framework of coordinated experiments for all earth system modelling groups to test geoengineering schemes. However, these experiments used on a global scale have difficulty with accurate resolution of regional and local impacts, so future research on geoengineering is expect to be done by combining earth system models with regional climate models. Keywords Climate ChangeCarbon Emissions ReductionGeoengineeringCleaner Production -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "geoengineering" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/geoengineering. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.
