Store them in the way of bicarbonate/carbonate solutions that can be carried in waterways leading them to oceans. Solutions on lakes formed with fountains can be encouraged with rocks placed close to water inlets on golf courses, recreation parks and elsewhere.
Parminder Singh On Monday, May 2, 2016 at 5:07:59 PM UTC+8, Schuiling, R.D. (Olaf) wrote: > > I was shocked by Andrew’s statement that CCS is cheap and operationally > proven secure. Capturing CO2, cleaning it, and compressing it to high > pressures to push it in empty gas reservoirs is an operation that is far > from secure. The Weyburn field in Canada, the showpiece of CCS, in which > several million tons of CO2 have been pumped has started to leak, despite > models that showed that it was 100% safe. Fortunately the area is very > thinly populated, so the only victims were some cattle and wild animals. > Whatever we do, CO2 should NEVER be stored as a supercritical gas at high > pressures, because that is a non-equilibrium option. When we have to store > CO2, we should follow nature, and make sure that the CO2 is converted to > limestones and dolomites, which are the safe and sustainable ways to store > CO2. And as costs are concerned, there again the natural way, making the > CO2 react with rock powder of olivine is not only safer, but also cheaper, > Olaf Schuiling > > > > > > > > > > > > > > *From:* [email protected] <javascript:> [mailto: > [email protected] <javascript:>] *On Behalf Of *Andrew Lockley > *Sent:* zondag 1 mei 2016 16:11 > *To:* geoengineering > *Subject:* [geo] Can CCS and NET enable the continued use of fossil > carbon fuels after CoP21? > > > > > http://m.oxrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/32/2/304.abstract > > Can CCS and NET enable the continued use of fossil carbon fuels after > CoP21? > [email protected] <javascript:> > > Abstract > > Carbon capture and storage (CCS) does not generate energy. CCS applied to > fossil and modern bio-carbon fuels and feedstocks removes environmentally > damaging CO2emissions. CoP21 stipulated a maximum 2°C–1.5°C global warming > from 2050 in perpetuity. Both CCS and negative emission technology (NET) > are now required to manage the carbon stock in earth’s atmosphere and > oceans. All components of CCS are operationally proven secure at the > industrial scale. Fifteen CCS projects operate globally; seven are under > construction. CCS systems increase electricity prices, to about £100/MWhr. > CCS on industry is cheaper and storage costs minimal (£5–20/tonne). CCS > reduces whole economy costs of carbon transition by 2.5 times. Policies of > capex subsidy, oversupplied emissions certificates, weak carbon pricing, > and weak emissions standards have all failed to develop large cost CCS > mega-projects. New carbon certificates could link the extraction of carbon > to an obligation to store a percentage of emissions. Certificates connect > CCS and NET pathways to secure carbon storage for the public good. > > Key words > technology infrastructure public goods, net-zero carbon climate atmosphere > protection CoP21 low-carbon electricity, industry heat CO2 emissions > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "geoengineering" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected] <javascript:>. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected] > <javascript:>. > Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/geoengineering. > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout. > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "geoengineering" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/geoengineering. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.
