Dear Mike! The idea is not to waste energy, but to use the existing surface energy in front of a hurricane. Very little energy is needed to start an updraft if conditions “are right”. K. Emanuel termed our publication a ”nutty idea”, but also said, that one should give Michauds “energy generation tower” - http://vortexengine.ca/index.shtml a try. To me there are not basic differences between dust devils, fog devils, hay devils, fire devils, water spouts, tornadoes and hurricanes. The differences lie in the supply intensity – high surface temperature and more important high moisture. These days Katia is a special case where the hurricane is more or less a local event, which started from a local instability. The idea is calling for a wall less chimney. Condensation creates a vacuum and will suck in air from the ground. Any free jet is an expanding one cell vortex. The condensate will be centrifuged out making the center less dense. This air will rise to an equilibrium level which can be as high as the level of tornadoes or hurricanes. A higher momentum is needed to bring air masses well above that equilibrium level, to penetrate the inversion layer and to create an outflow as a hurricane does. The rotation of the jet may be created to be cyclonic or anticyclonic. In the meantime I learned that most tornadoes are cyclonic – only about 10% are anticyclonic. Again this will cool the surface waters and an approaching hurricane may be reduced in intensity or directed not to hit land. By the way we were pretty successful using a free jet to fight cyanobacteria in a reasonably large lake. With only 6kW we realized total destratification and a reduction of phosphorus by 5.4t. The method showed up to be sustainable. Regards Juergen Michele
PS: I had only a glance at the paper you attached. I checked it for the word “condensation”. It is not in that article – at least the search engine could not find it. … Ike was even 1000km … Prof. Dr.-Ing. Juergen Michele Jade Hochschule Wilhelmshaven Tel.: 0049 4461 83043 E-Mail: [email protected] Homepage: http://michele.staff.jade-hs.de/ https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Juergen_Michele/contributions Privat: Soestestr. 3 26419 Schortens ________________________________________ Von: Michael MacCracken [[email protected]] Gesendet: Donnerstag, 7. September 2017 18:01 An: Michele, Jürgen Cc: Stephen Salter Betreff: Possible paper of interest Dear Juergen--Regarding your note about how to potentially modify a hurricane, I thought you might be interested in the attached paper from 60 years ago in Science as it does some analyses of the energetics of trying to alter natural systems on local to regional scales. To get a sense of the amount of energy a large hurricane is processing, consider a diameter of maybe 600 km and an average rainfall rate over this area of 20 cm/day of rain, multiply by the heat release of condensation/evaporation, and, when I did this 50 years ago or so, it comes out, as I recall, to a very large number (roughly equivalent to several megaton explosions per minute). So, this is not the rate of energy that is lost (which is likely several per cent of this rate), but the rate of conversion from latent to kinetic and potential energy, etc.--a very large number. Estimating the rough energetics of proposals like modifying hurricanes can give a real sense of the challenge involved (e.g., that exploding a megaton size nuclear bomb likely would not do very much to a system like currently being experienced). Regards, Mike MacCracken -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "geoengineering" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/geoengineering. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.
