Poster's note: this appears wholly impractical, to me.

Dezeen: Iceberg-making submarine aims to tackle global warming by
re-freezing the Arctic.
https://www.dezeen.com/2019/07/27/refreezing-the-arctic-geoengineering-design-climate-change/

Iceberg-making submarine aims to tackle global warming by re-freezing the
Arctic
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Alyn Griffiths <https://www.dezeen.com/author/alyn-griffiths/>
1 day ago  <https://www.dezeen.com/2019/07/27/>
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A team of designers led by Faris Rajak Kotahatuhaha proposes re-freezing
sea water in the Arctic <https://www.dezeen.com/tag/arctic/> to create
miniature modular icebergs using a submarine-like vessel, in a bid to
combat climate change <https://www.dezeen.com/tag/climate-change/>.

The Indonesian designer
<https://issuu.com/fariskota/docs/faris_rajak_kotahatuhaha_-_portfoli> worked
on the prototype with collaborators Denny Lesmana Budi and Fiera Alifa for
an international competition organised by the Association of Siamese
Architects.

The team was awarded second prize in the contest for its geoengineering
<https://www.dezeen.com/tag/geoengineering/> proposal to re-freeze the
Arctic and transform sea water into new ice fields.
[image: Refreeze the Arctic geoengineering project by Faris Rajak
Kotahatuhaha]The designers propose a series of submarine-like vessels to
create miniature icebergs

Kotahatuhaha's team set out to create a prototype for the
"re-iceberg-isation" of parts of the Arctic by freezing seawater into
hexagonal blocks of ice that nest together to form new ice floes.

"The main goal of this idea is to restore the polar ecosystem, which has a
direct effect on the balance of the global climate," said the designer,
adding that in this scenario "it is better to prevent than cure".

<https://www.dezeen.com/2019/05/13/the-growing-islands-mit-self-assembly-lab/>

Related story
<https://www.dezeen.com/2019/05/13/the-growing-islands-mit-self-assembly-lab/>MIT's
Self-Assembly Lab proposes new way of growing islands and coastlines
<https://www.dezeen.com/2019/05/13/the-growing-islands-mit-self-assembly-lab/>
<https://www.dezeen.com/2019/05/13/the-growing-islands-mit-self-assembly-lab/>

The concept is a proactive response to issues related to the melting of the
earth's polar ice. The designers felt that too much emphasis is currently
being placed on protecting cities from rising sea-levels rather than
tackling the problem at its source.

In New York City, architecture firm BIG is working on a large-scale flood
defence system
<https://www.dezeen.com/2018/07/20/big-u-storm-flood-defences-east-side-coastal-resiliency-manhattan-move-forward/>
to
protect Lower Manhattan from tidal surges, while Hassell and MVRDV have
proposed a series of measures designed to protect San Francisco
<https://www.dezeen.com/2018/01/30/connect-collect-mvrdv-hassell-resilient-by-design-challenge-san-francisco-bay-area-california-usa-climate-change/>
and
the surrounding Bay Area from the encroaching ocean.
[image: Refreeze the Arctic geoengineering project by Faris Rajak
Kotahatuhaha]Sea water would be collected in hexagonal tanks before freezing

The submarine-like vessel would submerge to collect sea water in a central
hexagonal tank. Turbines would then be used to blast the tank with cold air
and accelerate the freezing process.

During this process, the vessel would return to the surface of the sea and
the tank would be covered to protect it from sunlight. A system of reverse
osmosis would be used to filter some of the salt from the water in order to
speed up the process.

Once the water is frozen, the vessel would submerge again, leaving behind
an "ice baby" with a volume of 2,027 cubic-metres. These miniature icebergs
would then cluster together in a honeycomb pattern to form a larger ice
floe.
[image: Refreeze the Arctic geoengineering project by Faris Rajak
Kotahatuhaha]Kotahatuhaha suggests that underwater hotels could help fund
the project

Multiple vessels could be used to continuously repeat the process and
gradually rebuild the ice caps.

The submarines would be large enough to accommodate additional functions
like polar research centres and underwater hotels that Kotahatuhaha
suggested could help to fund the project.

Other radical proposals developed in response to rising sea levels include a
series of giant floating umbrellas
<https://www.dezeen.com/2013/03/13/polar-umbrella-wins-evolo-skyscraper-competition-2013/>that
could also help to replenish Arctic ice shelves, and a method for aiding
the growth of beaches and islands
<https://www.dezeen.com/2019/05/13/the-growing-islands-mit-self-assembly-lab/>
in
vulnerable coastal regions.
Read more:

   - Design <https://www.dezeen.com/tag/design-tag/>
   - Movies <https://www.dezeen.com/tag/movies/>
   - Technology <https://www.dezeen.com/tag/technology-tag/>
   - Design movies <https://www.dezeen.com/tag/design-movies/>
   - Climate change <https://www.dezeen.com/tag/climate-change/>
   - Geoengineering <https://www.dezeen.com/tag/geoengineering/>
   - Arctic <https://www.dezeen.com/tag/arctic/>

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