Hi Clive--
Because the Sun is only up in the Arctic for a few months during the
year, there is no need to have the aerosol stay up through the whole
year--and in the winter the stratosphere gets so cold that the particles
contribute to ozone depletion, so one does not want to be increasing the
particle concentrations in winter. But doing so in the spring (probably
only needed in the months after the surface snow starts to melt) and
early summer when sunlight is strong, has the potential to increase the
albedo.
And yes, in the troposphere, particles are primarily removed by
precipitation, but that really is only mainly occurring where there is
convection, and for convection to occur, the surface has to be quite
warm adn the atmosphere unstable. While that occurs in lower latitudes,
in the Arctic as it comes out of winter, convection is not normally
occurring, so particles injected there into the upper troposphere,
assuming the circulation does not take them out of the region (and
predictions of this could be used to determine when and where it would
be optimal to make or not make an aerosol injection), won't get removed
by precipitation (coalesence and condensation of water vapor might lead
to particles growing so large they fall out of the atmosphere, but that
is generally a slow process and so the lifetime of the particles might
stretch out for several weeks, reducing how much has to be injected to
keep a certain loading).
And one reason of increased effectiveness of the reduction of sunlight
(calculated, as I recall, in the case I did as amount of effect per
amount of aerosol needed) in these latitudes is a result of doing the
reduction right where the snow and (sea) ice albedo feedbacks are
strongest, so just as warming leads to an amplified warming in the high
latitudes, so will a reduction in warming lead to an amplified effect.
So, a lot would need to be considered to put together an operational
plan, but, thinking a bit idealistically about only the physics and
engineering of it, conceptually possible, at least in my view.
Mike
On 1/30/22 7:34 AM, Clive Elsworth wrote:
But John is saying they could cool the Arctic with SAI injected
/below/ the stratosphere.
On 30/01/2022 12:09 SALTER Stephen <s.sal...@ed.ac.uk> wrote:
Clive
There is not much rain in the stratosphere where SO2 will be injected.
Stephen.
*From:* healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com
<healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com> *On Behalf Of
*Clive Elsworth
*Sent:* Sunday, January 30, 2022 11:59 AM
*To:* SALTER Stephen <s.sal...@ed.ac.uk>
*Cc:* Ron Baiman <rpbai...@gmail.com>; Sev Clarke <sevcla...@me.com>;
Peter Wadhams <peter.wadh...@gmail.com>; Chris Vivian
<chris.vivi...@btinternet.com>; H simmens <hsimm...@gmail.com>; John
Nissen <johnnissen2...@gmail.com>; Robert Tulip
<rtulip2...@yahoo.com.au>; geoengineering
<geoengineering@googlegroups.com>; Planetary Restoration
<planetary-restorat...@googlegroups.com>; Shaun Fitzgerald
<sd...@cam.ac.uk>; Hugh.Hunt <he...@cam.ac.uk>; Daphne Wysham
<dap...@methaneaction.org>; healthy-planet-action-coalition
<healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com>; Dermott Reilly
<dermott.rei...@nanolandglobal.com>
*Subject:* RE: Marine Cloud Brightening
*This email was sent to you by someone outside the University.*
You should only click on links or attachments if you are certain that
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Stephen
As I understand it SO2 gets rained out more readily than CFCs, which
eventually drift into the stratosphere. CFCs are stable in the
troposphere and only get destroyed in the stratosphere by the more
intense UV.
Clive
On 30/01/2022 09:50 SALTER Stephen <s.sal...@ed.ac.uk> wrote:
Clive
How do you think that stuff got up to the Ozone hole?
Stephen
*From:* healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com
<healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com> *On Behalf Of
*Clive Elsworth
*Sent:* Saturday, January 29, 2022 11:22 PM
*To:* SALTER Stephen <s.sal...@ed.ac.uk>
*Cc:* Ron Baiman <rpbai...@gmail.com>; Sev Clarke
<sevcla...@me.com>; Peter Wadhams <peter.wadh...@gmail.com>;
Chris Vivian <chris.vivi...@btinternet.com>; H simmens
<hsimm...@gmail.com>; John Nissen <johnnissen2...@gmail.com>;
Robert Tulip <rtulip2...@yahoo.com.au>; geoengineering
<geoengineering@googlegroups.com>; Planetary Restoration
<planetary-restorat...@googlegroups.com>; Shaun Fitzgerald
<sd...@cam.ac.uk>; Hugh.Hunt <he...@cam.ac.uk>; Daphne Wysham
<dap...@methaneaction.org>; healthy-planet-action-coalition
<healthy-planet-action-coalit...@googlegroups.com>; Dermott
Reilly <dermott.rei...@nanolandglobal.com>
*Subject:* Marine Cloud Brightening
*This email was sent to you by someone outside the University.*
You should only click on links or attachments if you are certain
that the email is genuine and the content is safe.
Stephen
I confess I'm not sufficiently familiar with atmospheric physics
to say whether aerosol particles released under the Arctic
stratosphere would substantially move up into it.
Either way, Marine Cloud Brightening seems the safer option to me
for the reasons you have given on numerous occasions. The
question is if it can be ready in time and with sufficient social
license.
I think you're aware of the University of Washington's MCB work:
https://faculty.washington.edu/robwood2/wordpress/?page_id=954
The video on that page is high quality and only about a month
old. I wonder if some collaboration might help speed things up?
Clive
On 29/01/2022 21:03 SALTER Stephen <s.sal...@ed.ac.uk> wrote:
Clive
Here is something about the Brewer Dobson velocity.
Stephen
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