Dear Oswald--For the benefit of others in the discussion, what my follow-ups with you suggested was that the real key to quickly getting the temperature reductions that you are talking about would be iron aerosol injection to bring the methane concentration down to its preindustrial level. As I indicated, I'm not an expert on such chemistry, but the key seems to be having the iron aerosol be the catalyst for this happening and happening quite rapidly for each bit of iron salt aerosol injected (so a thousand or more methane molecules destroyed before the iron aerosol molecule falls or is rained out). That the iron falling out into the ocean might promote some additional CO2 uptake was nice, but not really the key to the short-term drop in temperature. And for longest life of the iron salt aerosol, injecting it into the free troposphere above the boundary layer was the place to put it.

The other aspects of the plan focused on long-term efforts to bring the CO2 down by, for example, ocean fertilization, which is a bit more speculative and, if done with nutrients from land, might well deplete land fertility by sinking a lot of nutrients into the ocean, something that could be avoided if one brought nutrients up from deeper in the ocean by wave pumping of similar renewable approach.

Focusing on the iron salt aerosol component of the effort that you describe, so there would be the initial efforts to bring down the CH4 concentration to of order 700 ppb, and then the need for an ongoing effort to offset the methane emissions that are coming off each year and sustaining the present methane concentration that is nearing 2000 ppb. With the new methane detecting satellite, the expectation is that there will be a lot of learning about the sources and the potential for addressing the issue through emissions reductions versus the need for deploying iron salt aerosols.

Have there been global atmospheric chemistry simulations of the iron aerosol injection proposal that you have made, indicating whether there might be other consequences from the methane reductions? Presumably, location of the injections does not make much difference as atmospheric mixing will tend to pretty quickly fill any hole that is created--is this correct? What sort of testing has been done of iron aerosol injections?

Mike MacCracken


On 3/21/24 1:00 PM, 'Oswald Petersen' via Planetary Restoration wrote:

Dear Chris,

well, it’s the same as with SAI, nobody believes that either.

That’s why I keep repeating the message like a mantra. We CAN remove enough CH4 and CO2 to stop GW. Because apparently nobody is willing and able to read the pdfs I attached recently to almost all my emails in this forum (enclosed again) we have now created a website to get the message across.

You can find it here:

https://georestoration.earth

With the GeoRestoration Action Plan we can cool the climate within 20 years by 0.5 to 1.0 °C. That’s sufficient to avert the worst scenarios.

If, as you say, nobody believes it, could one of those non-believers please explain why? This would be most interesting for us.

Regards

Oswald Petersen

Atmospheric Methane Removal AG

Lärchenstr. 5

CH-8280 Kreuzlingen

Tel: +41-71-6887514

Mob: +49-177-2734245

https://amr.earth <https://amr.earth/>

https://cool-planet.earth <https://cool-planet.earth/>

*Von:*'Chris Vivian' via Healthy Planet Action Coalition (HPAC) <[email protected]>
*Gesendet:* Donnerstag, 21. März 2024 16:50
*An:* 'Oswald Petersen' <[email protected]>; 'Robin Collins' <[email protected]>; 'Sev Clarke' <[email protected]> *Cc:* 'Alan Kerstein' <[email protected]>; 'Clive Elsworth' <[email protected]>; 'Herb Simmens' <[email protected]>; 'Mike MacCracken' <[email protected]>; 'Planetary Restoration' <[email protected]>; 'geoengineering' <[email protected]>; 'healthy-planet-action-coalition' <[email protected]> *Betreff:* RE: [prag] [HPAC] Harvard has halted its long-planned atmospheric geoengineering experiment | MIT Technology Review

Oswald,

It’s fine in theory to say “All we have to do is remove the GHG which cause Global Warming” but few people believe it can be scaled up fast enough to avoid tipping points, worsening climatic effects etc. How do you think it can be done fast enough?

Best wishes

Chris.

*From:*'Oswald Petersen' via Healthy Planet Action Coalition (HPAC) <[email protected]>
*Sent:* Thursday, March 21, 2024 2:10 PM
*To:* 'Robin Collins' <[email protected]>; 'Sev Clarke' <[email protected]> *Cc:* 'Alan Kerstein' <[email protected]>; 'Clive Elsworth' <[email protected]>; 'Herb Simmens' <[email protected]>; 'Mike MacCracken' <[email protected]>; 'Planetary Restoration' <[email protected]>; 'geoengineering' <[email protected]>; 'healthy-planet-action-coalition' <[email protected]> *Subject:* AW: [prag] [HPAC] Harvard has halted its long-planned atmospheric geoengineering experiment | MIT Technology Review

Hi Robin,

we do not need SRM. All we have to do is remove the GHG which cause Global Warming. It is safe, natural and much more efficient than SRM (any variety),

Regards

Oswald Petersen

Atmospheric Methane Removal AG

Lärchenstr. 5

CH-8280 Kreuzlingen

Tel: +41-71-6887514

Mob: +49-177-2734245

https://amr.earth <https://amr.earth/>

https://cool-planet.earth <https://cool-planet.earth/>

*Von:*[email protected] <[email protected]> *Im Auftrag von *Robin Collins
*Gesendet:* Donnerstag, 21. März 2024 14:01
*An:* Sev Clarke <[email protected]>
*Cc:* Alan Kerstein <[email protected]>; Clive Elsworth <[email protected]>; Herb Simmens <[email protected]>; Mike MacCracken <[email protected]>; Planetary Restoration <[email protected]>; geoengineering <[email protected]>; healthy-planet-action-coalition <[email protected]> *Betreff:* Re: [prag] [HPAC] Harvard has halted its long-planned atmospheric geoengineering experiment | MIT Technology Review

I think Herb’s question directed at a core of environmentalists is key:

    Is there a point when the climate worsens so much more* that you
    would support the deployment of cooling if shown to be reasonably
    safe and effective?

    *Note: this can mean too late.

I have raised the same question and I think the answer is that unambiguous critics of SRM methods (“anti-human interventionists”) see the question as a trap, and therefore it “shouldn’t” be answered.

The only rational response to the question is, of course: a resounding Yes. But if you acknowledge that possibility, then you must deny the arguments against testing SRM. And you also have to believe (or pretend) that decarbonization-only IS sufficient, on track, and that the evidence is available to show this. If the evidence points in the opposite direction, then — to stick with your ideology — you must deny, refute or hide it. This is why the problem is now ideological and very dangerous if it spreads into governance. (UNEA!)

I agree with Sev that the publication of the paper (and more of them) will be very important (although I disagree with a MCB-only approach.) I wonder if the publication will be blocked?

We need bullet-proof publications to point to, to build the case in public and government circles. We need a breakthrough or two.

Robin

On Mon, Mar 18, 2024 at 6:45 PM Sev Clarke <[email protected]> wrote:

    Herb,

    Grandiose solutions and strategies are appropriate only for those
    who can command grandiose resources. We do not. Having our DCC
    paper published in the Oxford Open Climate Change journal would be
    a good start; and persuading research organisations (following
    more the community consultative lead of the Great Barrier Reef MCB
    experiment, rather than that of SCoPEx/SAI) to model, experiment
    with, and publish the results from, our many proposed climate
    solutions would give the article both intellectual and possibly
    public & political support/funding. Many such experiments and
    modelling do not require international governance and approval if
    done in the confines of the EEZ waters of one or more nation
    states. Successful experiments, followed by gated trials, seem to
    me to provide our best chance of gaining widespread support for
    further, cautious deployment. Learning by doing should allow us to
    minimise any adverse effects whilst maximising the net benefit.

    Sev

        On 19 Mar 2024, at 5:20 am, H simmens <[email protected]> wrote:

        Alan, Robin and Clive,

        We all have our theories that attempt to explain and
        understand the almost visceral opposition to any effort to
        directly cool the climate.

        The three arguments you cite Robin certainly account for some
        signiicant proportion of the opposition. And as you point out
        Alan the lack of information about the urgency of the
        situation and that there are remedies that could turn things
        around is I believe beyond dispute.

        I have attempted to engage with many leading Climate
        scientists and activists on Twitter about cooling.  I’m amazed
        at how superficial their responses have been to my comments
        and questions when they bother responding at all. (And several
        have blocked me entirely as I guess my questions were too
        inconvenient.)

        One question I have never been able to get ANY knowledgeable
        Climate scientist or activist opposed to cooling to answer is
        a very simple one:

        Is there a point when the climate worsens so much more that
        you would support the deployment of cooling if shown to be
        reasonably safe and effective?

        Your guess is as good as mine as to why they refuse to answer
        but it would sure be important to find out!

        What is needed to answer these and other questions at the risk
        again of being annoyingly repetitive is a carefully researched
        and developed plan of action that starts out with the
        development of a strategic /power map/ that identifies who the
        individuals, groups and other entities are that make decisions
        to advance or stymie the acceptance of cooling.

        Perhaps those of us on these lists and our allies will be
        fortuitous enough to convince or persuade a person who is
        trusted by other key people who could then positively change
        the dynamic.

        But would any of us be willing to bet the future of humanity
        and the natural world on the ability of some of us - who are
        essentially almost totally unorganized - to achieve that?

        If we were a multinational corporation who developed not just
        a new product but a new product category (cooling) and we
        wanted to market it to a world that didn’t even know that
        there was such a product category or even the need for one we
        would do what virtually every entity with the means to do so
        would do:

        We would invest considerable resources in market research, in
        focus groups, in power mapping and In understanding the
        competition’s strengths and weaknesses in the greatest of
        detail. To do all this we would hire the brightest most
        experienced and most relevantly influential people on the
        planet including those who specialize in particular countries
        or institutional sectors.

        Only then would we determine what our strategy would be to
        introduce the product - Do we start in one country, do we
        start with one demographic  do we promote the product by
        denigrating the competition and or by pointing out the
        superiority of our product or do we simply decide to invest a
        considerable amount of our resources in a kind of brute force
        campaign to persuade every potential buyer.

        This process - done with the ultimate professionalism - is
        exactly what is necessary in my view to “sell” cooling as the
        first order of business for a brand new NGO committed to
        cooling the planet in the context of a restored climate.

        I probably have written too long an answer.

        But my point is that none of us have anywhere near the
        information needed to determine the most effective way to
        change the prevailing ERA paradigm of emission reductions
        alone- which *generates tens of millions of promotional
        messages every single day throughout the planet versus
        essentially none for cooling the planet - *to a paradigm that
        humanity can restore a safer climate and a healthier Ecosystem
        through the urgent deployment of direct cooling along with
        continued emission reductions, large scale carbon removal and
        a reduction in unnecessary consumption.

        My comments should not be interpreted to mean that we
        shouldn’t be reaching out to people like Sabine as you suggest
        Clive and others who have potentially large influence as many
        of us have been doing for the past couple of years.

        But if we don’t do it in a way where we know exactly what we
        want Sabine and others to do and how we can assist them then
        it may be of limited value.

        What I would suggest be done first would be to prepare the
        most powerful and compelling presentation imaginable to
        present to people and institutions with the means or with
        access to others with the means to establish and generously
        endow such an NGO.

        And then systematically identify all those contacts that we
        individually and collectively have with people who may be able
        to provide access to those with the means and influence to
        create such an NGO.

        Any significant actions that are not intended to directly or
        indirectly lead to that result seem like little more than
        rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic as it goes closer
        and closer to colliding with the largely unseen (and now
        dramatically shrinking) iceberg that will make all of our
        efforts moot.

        Herb

        Herb Simmens
        Author of /A Climate Vocabulary of the Future/

        “A SciencePoem and an Inspiration.” Kim Stanley Robinson
        @herbsimmens
        HerbSimmens.com <http://herbsimmens.com/>

            On Mar 18, 2024, at 1:07 PM, Clive Elsworth
            <[email protected]> wrote:

            

            I agree with both of you (Alan and Robbin)

            Perhaps a trusted messenger might be Sabine Hossenfelder?

            In this video Sabine says climate scientists are probably
            guilty of confirmation bias on equilibrium climate
            sensitivity: https://youtu.be/uEZ9HFlqzms

            In this one she says climate engineering is a bad idea,
            but it’s probably going to happen anyway because it’s the
            cheapest solution: https://youtu.be/MZiEcx0F_CM However
            she only mentions SAI, and a method of removing water
            vapour from the stratosphere, which would make almost no
            difference.

            She appears unaware of MCB, and the many other proposals
            listed on the NOAC website.

            Does anyone have access to Sabine?

            Clive

            *From:*[email protected] 
<[email protected]>
            *On Behalf Of *Robin Collins
            *Sent:* Monday, March 18, 2024 3:40 PM
            *To:* Alan Kerstein <[email protected]>
            *Cc:* H simmens <[email protected]>; Michael MacCracken
            <[email protected]>; Planetary Restoration
            <[email protected]>; geoengineering
            <[email protected]>;
            healthy-planet-action-coalition
            <[email protected]>
            *Subject:* Re: [HPAC] Harvard has halted its long-planned
            atmospheric geoengineering experiment | MIT Technology Review

            If we are still asking the question we need to talk to
            them directly, frankly, to understand. So far everything
            I’ve read suggests 1. they don’t think human geo-measures
            will work (even if they are unwilling to test to see)
            and/or because the human track record is abysmal; 2. they
            think these measures will divert from decarbonization; 3.
            They think decarbonization is sufficient.

            All these lead to the same point: #3.

            That’s the one to focus on.

            Robin

            On Mon, Mar 18, 2024 at 11:26 AM Alan Kerstein
            <[email protected]> wrote:

                Dear Herb,

                Is it plausible that the opponents of DCC are
                cognizant of the present danger and the urgency of
                action? Personally I don’t think so. Would opposition
                soften if they better understood the situation. I
                think it’s at least possible, perhaps likely.

                Before a doctor advises a patient to go through
                chemotherapy that will almost kill them, the doctor
                confronts the patient with the prognosis. (Of course,
                DCC will not do anything like ‘almost kill’ the
                planet, but that seems to be the mentality out there.)
                Sorry for repeating myself, but the circumstances call
                for hammering away at the prognosis until opposition
                to DCC softens, setting aside advocacy of DCC until
                then. This must be done by trusted messengers, who are
                few and far between these days. The needed steps go
                from scientific luminaries like James Hansen to
                trusted messengers to the general public and other
                stakeholders.

                That said, I agree about the need for the NGO that you
                suggest, but it needs to be cagey regarding its public
                pronouncements.

                Regards,

                Alan

                On Mon, Mar 18, 2024 at 7:29 AM Michael MacCracken
                <[email protected]> wrote:

                    Hi Herb--And yet Elon Musk et al. shoot big
                    rockets through the stratosphere with an
                    increasing pace, not to mention the sort of
                    ballistic missiles that North Korea and Houtis are
                    firing, etc. This fear of the slippery slope hangs
                    on and on while the lowering cost of renewable
                    energy continues to reverse the original argument.

                    Mike

                    On 3/18/24 9:56 AM, H simmens wrote:

                        

                        Harvard announced this morning the termination
                        of the SCoPEx atmosphere geoengineering
                        experiment that was first proposed a decade ago.

                        It was originally planned for Arizona around
                        2018 and was then moved to Sweden in 2021

                        As many of you know due to local opposition in
                        Sweden by the Sami people that experiment was
                        canceled several years ago.

                        The project itself has now been officially
                        canceled.

                        The explanation given was quite generic as the
                        article details.

                        There a link to a lengthy final report by the
                        Harvard SCoPEx advisory committee.

                        Whether this decade long utter fiasco is a
                        clear signal that even micro-scale DCC /direct
                        climate cooling /atmospheric research remains
                        a non-starter or whether future endeavors - if
                        there are any - will be more successful
                        remains to be seen.

                        The cancellation of SCoPEx along with the
                        announcement of the release of reflective
                        particles into the atmosphere by Make Sunsets
                        leading immediately to the prohibition of such
                        releases in Mexico and Mexican advocacy
                        against such experimentation at the UNEA in
                        Nairobi earlier this month demonstrates the
                        risk of attracting immense backlash even to
                        the most microscopic of baby steps.

                        Which leads me to once again share my
                        perspective that unless and until an extremely
                        well funded international NGO with a clear
                        mission and a superb staff focused on the
                        deployment of DCC in the context of climate
                        restoration is established the prospects for
                        effective cooling in time to make a difference
                        will remain negligible.

                        That’s what the advocacy efforts of any group
                        supportive of the essential need for DCC must
                        focus on IMHO.

                        Herb

                        
https://www.technologyreview.com/2024/03/18/1089879/harvard-halts-its-long-planned-atmospheric-geoengineering-experiment/

                        Herb Simmens
                        Author of /A Climate Vocabulary of the Future/

                        “A SciencePoem and an Inspiration.” Kim
                        Stanley Robinson
                        @herbsimmens
                        HerbSimmens.com <http://herbsimmens.com/>

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