https://solargeoengineeringupdates.substack.com/p/monthly-solar-geoengineering-updates-792 Forwarded this email? Subscribe here <https://substack.com/redirect/2/eyJlIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9zb2xhcmdlb2VuZ2luZWVyaW5ndXBkYXRlcy5zdWJzdGFjay5jb20vc3Vic2NyaWJlP3V0bV9zb3VyY2U9ZW1haWwmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPWVtYWlsLXN1YnNjcmliZSZyPTF5YTJ1MyZuZXh0PWh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGc29sYXJnZW9lbmdpbmVlcmluZ3VwZGF0ZXMuc3Vic3RhY2suY29tJTJGcCUyRm1vbnRobHktc29sYXItZ2VvZW5naW5lZXJpbmctdXBkYXRlcy03OTIiLCJwIjoxNjQ0MjA4ODAsInMiOjE5NDU3NjcsImYiOnRydWUsInUiOjExODA0MzM1NSwiaWF0IjoxNzQ5MTMyNDQ3LCJleHAiOjE3NTE3MjQ0NDcsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0wIiwic3ViIjoibGluay1yZWRpcmVjdCJ9.b325QpPJ7GEBXCaqr57PrKCf-TkAmtSB3_lfiHtu14w?> for more Monthly Solar Geoengineering Updates (May'2025) <https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=1945767&post_id=164420880&utm_source=post-email-title&utm_campaign=email-post-title&isFreemail=true&r=1ya2u3&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxMTgwNDMzNTUsInBvc3RfaWQiOjE2NDQyMDg4MCwiaWF0IjoxNzQ5MTMyNDQ3LCJleHAiOjE3NTE3MjQ0NDcsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0xOTQ1NzY3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.bVXNBrUHqKr__tsVg7DZzjd9TSzyCcUXC7utkIzLIs8>SRM field trials, fierce debates, fresh funding, future risks, and what’s next—May 2025 was a big month for SRM. Here’s everything you need to know, in one roundup.
Andrew Lockley <https://substack.com/@solargeoengineeringupdates> Jun 5 <https://substack.com/@solargeoengineeringupdates> <https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=1945767&post_id=164420880&utm_source=substack&isFreemail=true&submitLike=true&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxMTgwNDMzNTUsInBvc3RfaWQiOjE2NDQyMDg4MCwicmVhY3Rpb24iOiLinaQiLCJpYXQiOjE3NDkxMzI0NDcsImV4cCI6MTc1MTcyNDQ0NywiaXNzIjoicHViLTE5NDU3NjciLCJzdWIiOiJyZWFjdGlvbiJ9.vYDjAu2b5JT0cFtqqfHkCGylZn6YPFPffSTQ12a7wUE&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=email-reaction&r=1ya2u3> <https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=1945767&post_id=164420880&utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&isFreemail=true&comments=true&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxMTgwNDMzNTUsInBvc3RfaWQiOjE2NDQyMDg4MCwiaWF0IjoxNzQ5MTMyNDQ3LCJleHAiOjE3NTE3MjQ0NDcsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0xOTQ1NzY3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.bVXNBrUHqKr__tsVg7DZzjd9TSzyCcUXC7utkIzLIs8&r=1ya2u3&utm_campaign=email-half-magic-comments&action=post-comment&utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email> <https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=1945767&post_id=164420880&utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&utm_campaign=email-share&action=share&triggerShare=true&isFreemail=true&r=1ya2u3&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxMTgwNDMzNTUsInBvc3RfaWQiOjE2NDQyMDg4MCwiaWF0IjoxNzQ5MTMyNDQ3LCJleHAiOjE3NTE3MjQ0NDcsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0xOTQ1NzY3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.bVXNBrUHqKr__tsVg7DZzjd9TSzyCcUXC7utkIzLIs8> <https://substack.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.7r5ujWA6ECIrLcOVKf2td_FVtMo2JJQri3fdIx-5vIY?&utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email> READ IN APP <https://open.substack.com/pub/solargeoengineeringupdates/p/monthly-solar-geoengineering-updates-792?utm_source=email&redirect=app-store&utm_campaign=email-read-in-app> <https://substack.com/redirect/2b2238b9-e517-4325-b1e2-58a42cc2136c?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> Source: Models and scenarios for solar radiation modification need to include human perceptions of risk <https://substack.com/redirect/e4fc7d4f-a128-45de-8b2f-abfc42e108d6?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *Your support powers this work. Become a paid subscriber to fuel clear, credible and independent SRM coverage!* Upgrade to paid <https://substack.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.KF2OZdK57fgL0TvcyRJf7B2Pit1fW_9iQtxd-qBgFsY?&utm_medium=email&utm_source=subscribe-widget-preamble&utm_content=164420880> ------------------------------ *TOP 10 SRM HIGHLIGHTS FROM MAY’2025* *REAL-WORLD GEOENGINEERING EXPERIMENTS:* The UK’s ARIA has awarded <https://substack.com/redirect/3426b1c4-5445-4169-a988-d51dfa477767?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> £45M for 21 climate intervention projects from a £56.8M programme budget. Five of these projects focus on “small-scale outdoor experiments” exploring Arctic ice thickening, MCB & SAI, together accounting for nearly half the total budget. The largest grant, £9.9M over 42 months, goes to the Centre for Climate Repair for research on re-thickening Arctic sea ice. [image: Advanced Research and Invention Agency - Wikipedia] <https://substack.com/redirect/a9d8dfb0-8bc5-48de-b486-8f72d68184ed?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *UK PARLIAMENT TO DEBATE GEOENGINEERING: *A UK petition <https://substack.com/redirect/6ea6b669-2a88-4f43-ac9e-edecc00efb96?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> with 158,000+ signatures calls to ban all geoengineering (CDR and SRM) over environmental risks. Parliament will debate the petition on June 23, with the session streamed live on the UK Parliament YouTube channel <https://substack.com/redirect/9d380eb2-16c6-4f42-ab27-6219af1f0459?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>. Meanwhile, the UK government has responded, stating that while CDR technologies are essential for achieving net-zero emissions, it does not support the use of SRM and has no plans for its deployment. <https://substack.com/redirect/4ba26b66-9ba3-4c0d-b962-0de87a8adefb?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *PUBLIC ATTITUDES TOWARDS SRM IN UK:* A new YouGov poll reports <https://substack.com/redirect/1d87c535-63ee-4ade-9bf8-fd4b021531d6?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> varied public views in the UK on solar geoengineering. 31% favour marine cloud brightening, 18% back space-based sunshades, and 16% support stratospheric aerosol injection, while 46% were unsure. Younger Britons showed greater openness to these geoengineering techniques to address climate change. <https://substack.com/redirect/b1b1ed63-3679-48e7-b61e-2f24b4506ad1?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *SRM FUNDING OVERVIEW: *SRM360’s latest analysis <https://substack.com/redirect/65b1d2f9-324d-494d-b776-7f32edccef0e?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> reveals global solar geoengineering funding now exceeds $30 million annually, with philanthropic contributions (48%) surpassing government support (42%) since 2020. The Global North—especially the U.S., UK, and Australia—dominates funding, while the Global South receives a disproportionately small share. Despite growth, total investment in this field remains modest compared to other climate technologies. <https://substack.com/redirect/f6e9892e-3f22-458d-b18f-bb3ff35ede18?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *CSEi SECURED $5M FOR SRM STUDIES:* The University of Chicago's Climate Systems Engineering Initiative has secured <https://substack.com/redirect/7feab9e5-6d95-47e5-b75b-f392f2c1b315?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> a $5 million grant from the Quadrature Climate Foundation to advance SRM research. Over 3 years, the funding will support studies on sulfate aerosol-based SRM, focusing on aircraft delivery methods, aerosol formation, stratospheric monitoring & evaluating SRM's efficacy & potential consequences. <https://substack.com/redirect/4150078a-4be0-471d-9bd4-92603c53eb7c?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *MAKE SUNSETS RESPONDED TO EPA:* Make Sunsets issued a response <https://substack.com/redirect/f359c69f-dc3e-4de7-8b43-875f191f41e8?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> in a May 14 letter to the Environmental Protection Agency’s April 14 information request, expressing its willingness to help develop a “regulatory framework” for SAI as a method to address climate change. The company emphasized its openness to collaborating with governments and private sector partners to expand operations, promoting the technology as the “only realistic option” to curb global warming. <https://substack.com/redirect/8b579a1d-01f2-4187-a96c-b1d01c4ed8d1?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *CALL FOR PROPOSALS:* EDF is soliciting proposals <https://substack.com/redirect/a9d09ddf-c5a5-4856-8f0b-24dedd3f991c?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> for pilot research projects that investigate the potential for empirical data associated with analogs for SRM (e.g., volcanic eruptions, wildfire smoke, natural fluctuations in light quantity and quality) to estimate the impacts of SAI on critical systems that underpin human wellbeing. Grants range from $50K to $300K based on project type, with Letters of Intent due June 16, 2025, and Full Proposals due July 30, 2025. <https://substack.com/redirect/c5c3e223-66a5-4aaf-9c9d-1876436af64c?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *RESEARCH PAPER:* Recent research <https://substack.com/redirect/45b2061d-17ea-4f6c-8776-07775c3418ab?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> has unveiled the surprising impact of penguin guano (Adélie colonies) on Antarctic climate regulation. The ammonia aerosols emitted from these colonies play a crucial role in cloud formation, which in turn reflects solar radiation by up to 15% and helps cool the region. <https://substack.com/redirect/c81c3d1d-ff63-4df1-acbb-619cc681eeb2?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *UPCOMING EVENT:* The Arctic Repair Conference 2025, hosted by the Centre for Climate Repair with the University of the Arctic, will take place <https://substack.com/redirect/bda7b323-5bfc-4e55-b7b0-278124c89f22?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> June 26–28 at Robinson College, Cambridge. The event will explore innovative climate engineering techniques like SAI and MCB to address rapid Arctic changes such as sea ice decline and glacier loss. <https://substack.com/redirect/9ad32815-20fb-423b-ac61-cde41498c789?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> *COOLING VIA ORBIT CHANGE:* A bold theoretical geoengineering approach is proposed <https://substack.com/redirect/b062dfc8-7176-4df5-ae17-72bf9483fe7b?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> by researchers to counter global warming by altering Earth’s orbit. Using Newton’s laws and the Stefan-Boltzmann equation, simulations suggest that moving Earth ~5.8% farther from the Sun—from 1.0 AU to 1.0578 AU (about 9 million km)—could reduce global temperatures by 7K. Code and details are available on GitHub <https://substack.com/redirect/aa07a1ba-aea2-4f7e-ac7c-e8573fe704f4?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> . <https://substack.com/redirect/8bd4f19b-b719-40b4-b135-56e6d865274a?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> ------------------------------ *For a full recap of last month’s updates, check out our weekly summaries: WEEK 1 <https://substack.com/redirect/af0dc94e-f158-4526-8453-c3bbefbbdfff?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> | WEEK 2 <https://substack.com/redirect/b38ea72f-258b-4fae-b56a-10695fb6da51?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> | WEEK 3 <https://substack.com/redirect/6ffc9a12-169d-46da-ae3c-93405743676d?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> | WEEK 4 <https://substack.com/redirect/d1a233d9-c77e-48be-9aa2-54a376713b3c?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>And here’s a quick overview:* RESEARCH PAPERS *Regional and Global Climate Modeling of SRM* Cutting-edge models reveal how SRM could shape regional climates and governance challenges. Cohen and colleagues <https://substack.com/redirect/a680cdc9-c752-4dc1-b952-b4ad8d21a5ef?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> show SAI improves temperature extremes and rainfall in vulnerable Global South areas, benefiting crop yields. Rezaei et al.’s <https://substack.com/redirect/267bf2f8-25ef-423f-aa35-e9d810ff440a?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> simulations suggest partial hydrological restoration with SAI but highlight persistent runoff and vegetation challenges. Fu et al. <https://substack.com/redirect/55c92e18-6ff7-4476-aaad-cd7c07c5e21a?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> warn of unequal drought relief from SRM, with poorer nations often disadvantaged. Diao et al. <https://substack.com/redirect/64dde174-893d-4eee-b5c5-d171c466918b?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> simulate unilateral SAI deployment using game theory, exposing geopolitical and climate feedback loops. *Aerosols, Marine Cloud Brightening, and Cloud Interactions* Recent studies deepen understanding of aerosol effects and MCB on clouds and climate systems. Henry et al. <https://substack.com/redirect/0cfecc8e-f49b-4511-9849-b8266cb0a12a?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> find Arctic MCB can cool the region and preserve sea ice with little tropical rainfall disruption, though aerosol-cloud uncertainties remain large. Krantz et al. <https://substack.com/redirect/5b69ff7d-8f74-41c1-8574-9137ab85b7ed?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>demonstrate MCB could cool the Great Barrier Reef while minimizing remote risks. Bednarz and team <https://substack.com/redirect/4c4ed898-d475-4be8-8808-552c4c45539b?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> show MCB’s surprising impacts on stratospheric ozone, stressing the need for full Earth system evaluation. *Legal Frameworks and Advanced Simulation Tools* Legal and modeling studies explore governance and decision-making in SRM deployment. Sulyok’s <https://substack.com/redirect/a61c2833-7d11-4743-ad8c-c79b3c0f3641?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> article argues that international customary law—especially the prevention principle—could preemptively restrict SRM development. Farley et al. <https://substack.com/redirect/68a14cda-b9aa-44c3-b322-bb3b5619894e?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> introduce CIDER, a rapid climate emulator enabling detailed exploration of multiple SAI scenarios, including complex multi-actor cases. Nimusiima and colleagues <https://substack.com/redirect/f8ef4372-4550-4dfd-a71e-441e785661d0?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> use GeoMIP to analyze SRM impacts on rainfall and temperature in Eastern Africa, highlighting the need for policy-relevant regional modeling. *Technological Innovations for Ground-Based SRM*Beyond atmosphere-based interventions, new materials offer passive cooling alternatives. Liu and He <https://substack.com/redirect/d786ad88-b486-447e-a7d4-306319b7fff9?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> developed a self-cleaning, repairable coating using BaSO₄ nanoparticles that reflects 97.1% of sunlight, emits 95.4% infrared, and cools up to 10.4 °C below ambient—ideal for energy-efficient outdoor use (buildings and vehicles etc.). For wearables, Zhu et al. <https://substack.com/redirect/48b01003-faa1-4445-aeed-9f8c3d31321b?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> introduced a biodegradable PHBV/SiO₂ fiber membrane that delivers radiative cooling and water resistance, pointing toward scalable, personal climate adaptation tools. <https://substack.com/redirect/d786ad88-b486-447e-a7d4-306319b7fff9?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> A green approach to high-efficiency passive radiative cooling coatings ------------------------------ WEB POSTS AND PROJECTS *Cooling the Planet: Projects and Possibilities*The debate around SRM is heating up globally—and so is the action. Researchers and institutions are pushing boundaries with bold new projects like Reflective <https://substack.com/redirect/639b24fd-9a82-474d-833f-2319ed4f77aa?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, a cloud computing platform tailored for sunlight reflection studies, and the ACtIon4Cooling <https://substack.com/redirect/52550f53-36b1-4576-affd-646befb1f1f7?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> and STATISTICS <https://substack.com/redirect/c6059048-c03b-4479-ab0c-7e4a850496de?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> initiatives at EESA, which explore aerosol-cloud interactions and data modeling to inform SRM approaches. At the cutting edge of Arctic geoengineering, efforts like the University of Chicago’s <https://substack.com/redirect/51c7d3bd-385c-49a6-9be7-1b58023a29b4?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> aerosol research and the Southern Ocean <https://substack.com/redirect/f3bc7da8-48c5-4c97-8045-42a9a5bf5cb9?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> MCB project are making headlines, while the University of Manchester <https://substack.com/redirect/486bd2fd-4896-42ba-932d-9ee97b3b97d6?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> is leading investigations into whether brightening clouds can stave off tipping points. *Politics, Pushback & Polarization*Florida and Montana are pushing state-level geoengineering bans <https://substack.com/redirect/ce18a2ac-e539-41a9-a58d-38759e889f90?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, praised by figures like DeSantis <https://substack.com/redirect/a2b4a04a-02db-44ec-b387-707daffe6cb2?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> but critiqued in outlets such as Yahoo <https://substack.com/redirect/c4dbc2d3-68a7-4ba1-bb9e-b014217f0704?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, and Just Security <https://substack.com/redirect/cefb840d-6bc2-4a4e-b1d6-4d43a6a9efc9?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, where calls for a global SRM moratorium are met with skepticism. Meanwhile, CleanTechnica <https://substack.com/redirect/853d7818-dfb4-469c-960f-70eb9fd408dd?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> warns that techno-optimism towards SRM may distract from emissions cuts. The David Suzuki Foundation <https://substack.com/redirect/1ff45107-b1f7-45d5-bdf0-f733cbd3cef5?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> and Medium <https://substack.com/redirect/6d767dc6-f5b3-4200-a048-2b372f1b7ff9?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> unpack the promise and peril of stratospheric sulfur injection, while Swissinfo <https://substack.com/redirect/1a8f0120-de2d-4221-95d0-5b2fb4f6e22c?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>ask is solar radiation management worth the risk for climate-vulnerable countries? *Debate Over Africa’s Role in SRM*The Hands Off Mother Earth criticized <https://substack.com/redirect/8042d9cd-19b4-4417-9e0c-d60340f19d18?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> last month’s Degrees Global Forum <https://substack.com/redirect/9cdd8d0f-8ba1-4078-a014-be5c883f6b80?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> on SRM in Africa for treating the continent as a testing ground for solar geoengineering, raising issues of exclusion, consent, and neocolonialism. In response <https://substack.com/redirect/82cd5810-e6af-4ace-be61-1f8dbefe25b8?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, African researchers—through the newly launched Africa Climate Intervention Research Hub—rejected this framing. They defended their right to shape climate science on their own terms, emphasizing that their work aims to understand, not promote, SRM, and warned that such misrepresentations undermine Africa’s capacity to lead inclusive, self-determined climate research. [image: A group of people] <https://substack.com/redirect/3ba015df-572c-4b7b-ae50-2745c43d422f?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> Participants at the Africa Climate Intervention Research Hub meeting in Cape Town, South Africa – 8 May 2025 ------------------------------ PODCASTS AND VIDEOS This month’s podcasts and videos explore solar geoengineering from fresh angles. Diego Villanueva, on Reviewer 2 Does Geoengineering <https://substack.com/redirect/96b9e86f-ac92-49ef-89be-f2b05b87e54a?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, explains how mixed phase cloud thinning <https://substack.com/redirect/d1b22765-e098-4966-9204-ff47f2cf9715?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> could help restore polar ice, while Tyler Felgenhauer discusses risk-risk trade-offs <https://substack.com/redirect/7305cd7c-627e-406c-abc7-5816dfe7f0c4?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> in assessing SRM. Kelly Wanser warns on Wicked Problems <https://substack.com/redirect/d3c52463-a1ec-4700-abb9-487e72a6c8c4?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> that deploying SRM without solid atmospheric monitoring is dangerously short-sighted. Real-world efforts are ramping up. Science Weekly <https://substack.com/redirect/30b4bede-01a1-41e5-84d7-f99ce1e50083?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> and Science Quickly <https://substack.com/redirect/4926ccc2-286b-41dd-a3b6-9e164b120332?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> cover the UK’s bold move into SRM field trials, including Arctic refreezing. SRM360 <https://substack.com/redirect/3f8f7e76-c2df-4561-bb05-d41588e73d96?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> adds crucial African perspectives, highlighting regional stakes and governance gaps. Furthermore, the Simons SRM Annual Meeting <https://substack.com/redirect/da6fb558-3e53-4260-a403-bc55509acdbe?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> playlist shares new research insights. Dr. Mike MacCracken, on ClimateGenn <https://substack.com/redirect/02173690-f906-4a09-bf63-671443b8d210?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, argues that ignoring SRM is riskier than researching it, while WePlanet <https://substack.com/redirect/ce26745b-944c-4792-87ca-ec2509f69a80?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> dives deep into the ethics and urgency of the debate. Remove and Reflect <https://substack.com/redirect/5ae2f538-4010-4142-8dff-063db8a0f740?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> pushes boundaries with episodes on orbital shifts <https://substack.com/redirect/5ea1217f-c7d1-4d10-b017-45e027606d12?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> , low-altitude SAI <https://substack.com/redirect/4a7c573d-0067-47f3-94b4-e9d98b5f204b?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, and why zeolite aerosols won’t work <https://substack.com/redirect/8e4aba67-96fe-4df4-a6b6-f5f467e70143?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>. And in MEERTALK <https://substack.com/redirect/9c60107e-7fc9-49c1-b6ec-e9d39fdc355c?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, Thomas Ramge calls for an open, global conversation before solar geoengineering becomes a desperate last resort. <https://substack.com/redirect/4b64347a-46b7-48b5-a57f-db20460fcc2b?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> Share Solar Geoengineering Updates <https://substack.com/redirect/73b87f43-cb99-4963-8ccf-ba9bd10e8c95?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> ------------------------------ UPCOMING EVENTS, JOBS AND DEADLINES *Job Opportunities*Cambridge seeks a Postdoc in SAI climate modelling <https://substack.com/redirect/54dc4454-8ee7-4bf8-a29b-4953d891a120?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> (apply by 9 June), and Oxford is hiring a Postdoc on MCB <https://substack.com/redirect/92f12c8a-cc81-49bb-bc25-684b60631094?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> (deadline: 20 June). In the policy and coordination space, The Degrees Initiative is recruiting a Scientific Writing Lead <https://substack.com/redirect/c0a08e24-9eb0-444d-9bd0-518097961ebc?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> (7 June). Reflective is hiring an Atmospheric Scientist <https://substack.com/redirect/5b1ecc5c-5983-4992-8293-32728bf01624?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, and the CFG is recruiting a Senior Project Manager <https://substack.com/redirect/335c492c-793d-4e95-85c1-22203c641b0b?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> in Brussels. *Funding Calls*Three major funding calls are currently active. Reflective <https://substack.com/redirect/02291da2-ce3e-4c42-9736-4be63e55983d?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> has opened a call for proposals focused on the impacts and tradeoffs of high-latitude, low-altitude SAI—deadline: 9 June. EDF <https://substack.com/redirect/a9d09ddf-c5a5-4856-8f0b-24dedd3f991c?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> has launched its 2025 SRM Call for Proposals, with submissions due by 30 July. CIEIF <https://substack.com/redirect/a0379178-7768-4b37-bbe9-3ff9dd5f5c06?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> is also offering $75,000 grants for EIA of climate restoration projects—apply by 1 August. *Upcoming Events*Several standout events are approaching fast. On 6 June, Co-Create <https://substack.com/redirect/20978135-107e-4114-bbe6-f3971b4fef83?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> hosts “Introducing SRM: Current Knowledge and Future Challenges” online, followed by The Transition Accelerator's <https://substack.com/redirect/47955af9-d5ab-41a3-b928-172aa46ff116?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> “Can We Afford to Ignore Solar Geoengineering?” on 10 June. In-person, Germany will host a workshop on SRM and statistics <https://substack.com/redirect/be54f7e5-7d89-4f13-8cc7-c9a58f6816e4?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> on 17 June, while Cambridge will convene global experts for the Arctic Repair Conference <https://substack.com/redirect/bda7b323-5bfc-4e55-b7b0-278124c89f22?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> from 26–28 June. Looking further ahead, Washington DC will host the RFF and Harvard <https://substack.com/redirect/987c7ba1-fbfb-484d-be5b-eccfd71cd462?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g> SRM Social Science Research Workshop on 4–5 September. All these events, job, funding deadlines—and more—are listed in the Solar Geoengineering Events Calendar by Andrew Lockley <https://substack.com/redirect/cdd0ea73-90f0-48f1-a4b8-ede0fc1e0f3a?j=eyJ1IjoiMXlhMnUzIn0.-xq-mvUw9sjSVZFRVf_xTVa_TZf2s9WaVlK1illEQ0g>, the go-to hub for tracking SRM activities worldwide. 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