https://b.tellusjournals.se/articles/10.16993/tellusb.1886

*Authors: *Alice Henkes, Hailing Jia, Jan Kretzschmar, Sabine Hörnig,
Johannes Quaas

*01 December 2025*

*Abstract*
The changes in the concentration, distribution, and composition of
anthropogenic aerosols impact cloud properties and cloud radiative effects.
A distinct feature of the anthropogenic perturbation of aerosols is the
hemispheric contrast, with much larger perturbations in the Northern
Hemisphere. Observations of clouds in the two hemispheres, particularly
alongside model simulations, may help constrain the magnitude of the
effective radiative forcing due to aerosol-cloud interactions. This study
investigates the impact of flipping the distribution of anthropogenic
aerosol emissions between hemispheres on aerosol-cloud interactions using
the aerosol-climate model ICON1.3.0-A-HAM2.3. It is shown, globally, that a
clear, detectable, and attributable impact in aerosol optical depth results
from anthropogenic emissions changes based on the counterpart hemisphere,
an increase in the Southern Hemisphere, and a decrease in the Northern
Hemisphere. The response to changes in anthropogenic aerosols in cloud
droplet number concentration and liquid water path is particularly strong
over land and is attributable using satellite data as a reference. Changes
in enhanced/reduced aerosol emissions, through their interactions with
radiation and clouds, produce a positive effective radiative forcing of
2.85 W m–2 in the Northern Hemisphere and a negative effective radiative
forcing in the Southern Hemisphere of –2.63 W m–2.

*Source: Tellus B*

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