Dear colleagues,

Allow me a quick reminder regarding a side-event this Friday at COP30 in Belém.

The event is co-organised by Lund University and focuses on unsung heroes of 
climate action under threat: i.e. the crucial roles of local and indigenous 
communities in climate mitigation and adaptation – and the considerable neglect 
which their climate action, and the violence against them, have been receiving 
in the UNFCCC process.

We inter alia present findings from our Lund-based project on Environmental 
Human Rights 
Defenders<https://portal.research.lu.se/en/projects/environmental-human-rights-defenders-change-agents-at-the-crossro/>.
 Our partner organisations are environmental, indigenous and women’s rights 
NGOs from Colombia and Peru. Speakers also include two defenders from these two 
countries who talk about frequent threats they face when defending their lands 
against mining (including green extractivism), carbon piracy, narcotrafficking 
and other challenges. We hope the event and the info below can help draw more 
attention to this considerable blind spot in UNFCCC negotiations.

The event takes place on Friday, 14 November, 16.45-18.15 local time in the COP 
30 Blue Zone / negotiation zone, side-event room 6 (NB: the room has changed 
since the original announcement).

Please share this announcement in your networks. If you are in Belém this week, 
you are warmly invited to join us; if not, we still hope that we can make 
available a link to a recording after the event took place.

Best,
Fariborz
----

Professor Dr. Fariborz Zelli
Department of Political Science, Lund University
Box 52, 22100 Lund, Sweden
Phone: +46-46-222-4764
http://www.svet.lu.se/fariborz-zelli


UNFCCC COP 30 – Side-Event

The Need to Recognise Environmental Defenders in the UNFCCC Process: Voices 
from Latin America

Friday, 14 November 2025, 16.45-18.15, Blue Zone / Negotiation Zone, Side event 
room no. 6

I. PROGRAMME



16.45-16.55 Welcome & Introduction by Organisers

Lorena Franco-Vidal (Fundación Natura, Colombia), N.N. (Asociación ANDES) & 
Fariborz Zelli (Lund University, Sweden)



16.55-17.10 Defending Territories, Protecting Climate: Lessons from Colombia

Libia Arciniegas (National Network of Interethnic Women Defenders of the 
Environment, Colombia)



17.10-17.25 A Perspective from Recently Contacted Indigenous Peoples in Peru  
(working title)

Willian Ochavano (Confederation of Recently Contacted Peoples and their 
Families in Isolation, Peru)



17.25-17.35 Strategic Ecosystems and Environmental Defenders: The Invisible 
Pillars of Climate Action

Lorena Franco-Vidal (Fundación Natura, Colombia)



17.35-17.45 Biodiversity Law from Below: Why Defenders’ Agency Matters for 
Climate Action (working title)

Claudia Ituarte-Lima (Lund University, Sweden)



17.45-18.15 Open Discussion


II. BACKGROUND NOTE


Across the world Indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs), women and 
youth groups, both rural and urban, often act as biosphere stewards or 
Environmental human rights defenders (EHRDs). They protect their territories, 
lands and living spaces against degradation and simultaneously push for 
political, cultural, social, economic and environmental rights. Their actions 
are aligned with several Sustainable Development Goals on climate action (no. 
13), no poverty (no. 1), gender equality (no. 5), biodiversity protection (no. 
15) and peace (no. 16).

However, many defenders face intimidation and violence every day due to their 
work and activities. In a large number of countries across the globe we find 
alarming examples of the risks these defenders face, including threats and 
intimidations, but also escalating violence and assassinations.

The establishment of a new subsidiary body at CBD-COP 16 in Cali (2024) 
acknowledged the important role that indigenous and local communities play as 
defenders of biocultural diversity. Already two earlier, in 2022, the term 
"environmental human rights defenders" (EHRD) had found its way into the new 
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, under Target 22.Similarly, 
Article 9 of the Escazu Agreement on Access to Information, Public 
Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the 
Caribbean calls for effective measures to recognize, protect and promote the 
rights of “Human rights defenders in environmental matters”.

Strikingly however, despite a generic preambular clause of the Paris Agreement 
and social safeguards under the REDD+ mechanism, the UNFCCC process does not 
feature a similar degree of institutional or legal acknowledgement of such 
communities. This contrasts with the crucial role they play in climate action, 
for instance, by safeguarding important terrestrial carbon sinks like tropical 
forests in the Amazon; or in protecting key ecosystems for adaptation to 
climate change like mangroves in the Caribbean, which provide protection 
against erosion and storm surges.

Against this backdrop, the side-event’s major objectives are:

  *   to highlight how these defenders contribute to both climate mitigation 
and adaptation (e.g. as defenders of important terrestrial carbon sinks);
  *   to discuss the mechanisms, but also the gaps of recognition of different 
types of environmental defenders in the UNFCCC process;
  *   to shed light – with the help of presentations by defenders from Colombia 
and Peru –  on major political, legal, social and economic obstacles and risks 
these defenders have been facing, e.g. mining (including green extractivism), 
forest fires, floods, drought or carbon piracy;
  *   to explore options for an enabling environment for defenders to exercise 
their rights (including to information, public participation and access to 
justice in climate-relevant contexts).

The side-event targets delegates, representatives of intergovernmental 
organizations, UN agencies, civil society organizations as well as experts who 
work at the intersection of climate change, biodiversity and human rights. The 
event further contributes to discussions on nature-based solutions for tackling 
the climate crises and how environmental defenders can lead and inform these 
solutions.

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