benibus commented on code in PR #36073:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/36073#discussion_r1286310533


##########
cpp/src/arrow/util/float16.h:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iosfwd>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "arrow/util/endian.h"
+#include "arrow/util/ubsan.h"
+#include "arrow/util/visibility.h"
+
+namespace arrow {
+namespace util {
+
+/// \brief Base class for an IEEE half-precision float, encoded as a `uint16_t`
+///
+/// The exact format is as follows (from MSB to LSB):
+/// - bit 0:     sign
+/// - bits 1-5:  exponent
+/// - bits 6-15: mantissa
+///
+/// NOTE: Methods in the class should not mutate the unerlying value or 
produce copies.

Review Comment:
   Honestly, the only reason for the base class was to make testing on the 
Parquet side more convenient, since the value data needs to be stored 
externally (see `BufferedFloat16` 
[here](https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/2f06b0b0577f53547da9bc471d69c49749ae8e89/cpp/src/parquet/statistics_test.cc#L66)).
 I'm not sure if this is a good enough justification for a public API though - 
and I agree that a single class would be better, so I'll try a different 
approach for the tests.



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