Tom-Newton opened a new pull request, #40119:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/40119

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   ### Rationale for this change
   Prevent confusion if a user attempts to read or write a directory. 
   
   ### What changes are included in this PR?
   - Make `ObjectAppendStream::Flush` a noop if `ObjectAppendStream::Init` has 
not run successfully. This avoids an unhandled error when the destructor calls 
flush. 
   - Check blob properties for directory marker metadata when initialising 
`ObjectInputFile` or `ObjectAppendStream`. 
   - When initialising `ObjectAppendStream` call `GetFileInfo` if it is a flat 
namespace account.
   
   ### Are these changes tested?
   Add new tests `DisallowReadingOrWritingDirectoryMarkers` and 
`DisallowCreatingFileAndDirectoryWithTheSameName` to cover the new fail fast 
behaviour. 
   Also updated `WriteMetadata` to ensure that my changes to Flush didn't break 
setting metadata without calling `Write` on the stream. 
   
   ### Are there any user-facing changes?
   Yes. Invalid read and write operations will now fail fast and gracefully. 
Previously could get into a confusing state where there were files and 
directories at the same path and there were some un-graceful failures. 
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