alamb commented on code in PR #9780:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow-datafusion/pull/9780#discussion_r1547855950


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datafusion/expr/src/logical_plan/mutate.rs:
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@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+use super::plan::*;
+use crate::expr::{Exists, InSubquery};
+use crate::{Expr, UserDefinedLogicalNode};
+use datafusion_common::tree_node::Transformed;
+use datafusion_common::{internal_err, Result};
+use datafusion_common::{Column, DFSchema, DFSchemaRef};
+use std::sync::{Arc, OnceLock};
+
+impl LogicalPlan {
+    /// applies `f` to each expression of this node, potentially rewriting it 
in
+    /// place
+    ///
+    /// If `f` returns an error, the error is returned and the expressions are
+    /// left in a partially modified state
+    pub fn rewrite_exprs<F>(&mut self, mut f: F) -> Result<Transformed<()>>
+    where
+        F: FnMut(&mut Expr) -> Result<Transformed<()>>,
+    {
+        match self {
+            LogicalPlan::Projection(Projection { expr, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_expr_iter_mut(expr.iter_mut(), f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Values(Values { values, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_expr_iter_mut(values.iter_mut().flatten(), f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Filter(Filter { predicate, .. }) => f(predicate),
+            LogicalPlan::Repartition(Repartition {
+                partitioning_scheme,
+                ..
+            }) => match partitioning_scheme {
+                Partitioning::Hash(expr, _) => 
rewrite_expr_iter_mut(expr.iter_mut(), f),
+                Partitioning::DistributeBy(expr) => {
+                    rewrite_expr_iter_mut(expr.iter_mut(), f)
+                }
+                Partitioning::RoundRobinBatch(_) => Ok(Transformed::no(())),
+            },
+            LogicalPlan::Window(Window { window_expr, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_expr_iter_mut(window_expr.iter_mut(), f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Aggregate(Aggregate {
+                group_expr,
+                aggr_expr,
+                ..
+            }) => {
+                let exprs = group_expr.iter_mut().chain(aggr_expr.iter_mut());
+                rewrite_expr_iter_mut(exprs, f)
+            }
+            // There are two part of expression for join, equijoin(on) and 
non-equijoin(filter).
+            // 1. the first part is `on.len()` equijoin expressions, and the 
struct of each expr is `left-on = right-on`.
+            // 2. the second part is non-equijoin(filter).
+            LogicalPlan::Join(Join { on, filter, .. }) => {
+                let exprs = on
+                    .iter_mut()
+                    .flat_map(|(e1, e2)| 
std::iter::once(e1).chain(std::iter::once(e2)));
+
+                let result = rewrite_expr_iter_mut(exprs, &mut f)?;
+
+                if let Some(filter) = filter.as_mut() {
+                    result.and_then(|| f(filter))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(result)
+                }
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Sort(Sort { expr, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_expr_iter_mut(expr.iter_mut(), f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Extension(extension) => {
+                rewrite_extension_exprs(&mut extension.node, f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::TableScan(TableScan { filters, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_expr_iter_mut(filters.iter_mut(), f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Unnest(Unnest { column, .. }) => 
rewrite_column(column, f),
+            LogicalPlan::Distinct(Distinct::On(DistinctOn {
+                on_expr,
+                select_expr,
+                sort_expr,
+                ..
+            })) => {
+                let exprs = on_expr
+                    .iter_mut()
+                    .chain(select_expr.iter_mut())
+                    .chain(sort_expr.iter_mut().flat_map(|x| x.iter_mut()));
+
+                rewrite_expr_iter_mut(exprs, f)
+            }
+            // plans without expressions
+            LogicalPlan::EmptyRelation(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::RecursiveQuery(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Subquery(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::SubqueryAlias(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Limit(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Statement(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::CrossJoin(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Analyze(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Explain(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Union(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Distinct(Distinct::All(_))
+            | LogicalPlan::Dml(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Ddl(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Copy(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::DescribeTable(_)
+            | LogicalPlan::Prepare(_) => Ok(Transformed::no(())),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// applies `f` to each input of this node, rewriting them in place.
+    ///
+    /// # Notes
+    /// Inputs include both direct children as well as any embedded subquery
+    /// `LogicalPlan`s, for example such as are in [`Expr::Exists`].
+    ///
+    /// If `f` returns an `Err`, that Err is returned, and the inputs are left
+    /// in a partially modified state
+    pub fn rewrite_inputs<F>(&mut self, mut f: F) -> Result<Transformed<()>>
+    where
+        F: FnMut(&mut LogicalPlan) -> Result<Transformed<()>>,
+    {
+        let children_result = match self {
+            LogicalPlan::Projection(Projection { input, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_arc(input, &mut f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Filter(Filter { input, .. }) => rewrite_arc(input, 
&mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::Repartition(Repartition { input, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_arc(input, &mut f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Window(Window { input, .. }) => rewrite_arc(input, 
&mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::Aggregate(Aggregate { input, .. }) => 
rewrite_arc(input, &mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::Sort(Sort { input, .. }) => rewrite_arc(input, &mut 
f),
+            LogicalPlan::Join(Join { left, right, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_arc(left, &mut f)?.and_then(|| rewrite_arc(right, &mut 
f))
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::CrossJoin(CrossJoin { left, right, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_arc(left, &mut f)?.and_then(|| rewrite_arc(right, &mut 
f))
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Limit(Limit { input, .. }) => rewrite_arc(input, &mut 
f),
+            LogicalPlan::Subquery(Subquery { subquery, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_arc(subquery, &mut f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::SubqueryAlias(SubqueryAlias { input, .. }) => {
+                rewrite_arc(input, &mut f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Extension(extension) => {
+                rewrite_extension_inputs(&mut extension.node, &mut f)
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Union(Union { inputs, .. }) => inputs
+                .iter_mut()
+                .try_fold(Transformed::no(()), |acc, input| {
+                    acc.and_then(|| rewrite_arc(input, &mut f))
+                }),
+            LogicalPlan::Distinct(
+                Distinct::All(input) | Distinct::On(DistinctOn { input, .. }),
+            ) => rewrite_arc(input, &mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::Explain(explain) => rewrite_arc(&mut explain.plan, 
&mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::Analyze(analyze) => rewrite_arc(&mut analyze.input, 
&mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::Dml(write) => rewrite_arc(&mut write.input, &mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::Copy(copy) => rewrite_arc(&mut copy.input, &mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::Ddl(ddl) => {
+                if let Some(input) = ddl.input_mut() {
+                    rewrite_arc(input, &mut f)
+                } else {
+                    Ok(Transformed::no(()))
+                }
+            }
+            LogicalPlan::Unnest(Unnest { input, .. }) => rewrite_arc(input, 
&mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::Prepare(Prepare { input, .. }) => rewrite_arc(input, 
&mut f),
+            LogicalPlan::RecursiveQuery(RecursiveQuery {
+                static_term,
+                recursive_term,
+                ..
+            }) => rewrite_arc(static_term, &mut f)?
+                .and_then(|| rewrite_arc(recursive_term, &mut f)),
+            // plans without inputs
+            LogicalPlan::TableScan { .. }
+            | LogicalPlan::Statement { .. }
+            | LogicalPlan::EmptyRelation { .. }
+            | LogicalPlan::Values { .. }
+            | LogicalPlan::DescribeTable(_) => Ok(Transformed::no(())),
+        }?;
+
+        // after visiting the actual children we we need to visit any 
subqueries
+        // that are inside the expressions
+        children_result.and_then(|| self.rewrite_subqueries(&mut f))
+    }
+
+    /// applies `f` to LogicalPlans in any subquery expressions
+    ///
+    /// If Err is returned, the plan may be left in a partially modified state
+    fn rewrite_subqueries<F>(&mut self, mut f: F) -> Result<Transformed<()>>
+    where
+        F: FnMut(&mut LogicalPlan) -> Result<Transformed<()>>,
+    {
+        self.rewrite_exprs(|expr| match expr {
+            Expr::Exists(Exists { subquery, .. })
+            | Expr::InSubquery(InSubquery { subquery, .. })
+            | Expr::ScalarSubquery(subquery) => {
+                rewrite_arc(&mut subquery.subquery, &mut f)
+            }
+            _ => Ok(Transformed::no(())),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// writes each `&mut Expr` in the iterator using `f`
+fn rewrite_expr_iter_mut<'a, F>(
+    i: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a mut Expr>,
+    mut f: F,
+) -> Result<Transformed<()>>
+where
+    F: FnMut(&mut Expr) -> Result<Transformed<()>>,
+{
+    i.into_iter()
+        .try_fold(Transformed::no(()), |acc, expr| acc.and_then(|| f(expr)))
+}
+
+/// A temporary node that is left in place while rewriting the children of a
+/// [`LogicalPlan`]. This is necessary to ensure that the `LogicalPlan` is
+/// always in a valid state (from the Rust perspective)
+static PLACEHOLDER: OnceLock<Arc<LogicalPlan>> = OnceLock::new();
+
+/// Applies `f` to rewrite the existing node, while avoiding `clone`'ing as 
much
+/// as possiblw.
+///
+/// TODO eventually remove `Arc<LogicalPlan>` from `LogicalPlan` and have it 
own
+/// its inputs, so this code would not be needed. However, for now we try and
+/// unwrap the `Arc` which avoids `clone`ing in most cases.
+///
+/// On error, node be left with a placeholder logical plan
+fn rewrite_arc<F>(node: &mut Arc<LogicalPlan>, mut f: F) -> 
Result<Transformed<()>>
+where
+    F: FnMut(&mut LogicalPlan) -> Result<Transformed<()>>,
+{
+    // We need to leave a valid node in the Arc, while we rewrite the existing
+    // one, so use a single global static placeholder node
+    let mut new_node = PLACEHOLDER
+        .get_or_init(|| {
+            Arc::new(LogicalPlan::EmptyRelation(EmptyRelation {
+                produce_one_row: false,
+                schema: DFSchemaRef::new(DFSchema::empty()),
+            }))
+        })
+        .clone();
+
+    // take the old value out of the Arc
+    std::mem::swap(node, &mut new_node);
+
+    // try to update existing node, if it isn't shared with others
+    let mut new_node = Arc::try_unwrap(new_node)
+        // if None is returned, there is another reference to this
+        // LogicalPlan, so we must clone instead
+        .unwrap_or_else(|node| node.as_ref().clone());
+
+    // apply the actual transform
+    let result = f(&mut new_node)?;
+
+    // put the new value back into the Arc
+    let mut new_node = Arc::new(new_node);
+    std::mem::swap(node, &mut new_node);
+
+    Ok(result)
+}
+
+/// Rewrites a [`Column`] in place using the provided closure
+fn rewrite_column<F>(column: &mut Column, mut f: F) -> Result<Transformed<()>>
+where
+    F: FnMut(&mut Expr) -> Result<Transformed<()>>,
+{
+    // Since `Column`'s isn't an `Expr`, but the closure in terms of Exprs,
+    // we make a temporary Expr to rewrite and then put it back
+
+    let mut swap_column = Column::new_unqualified("TEMP_unnest_column");
+    std::mem::swap(column, &mut swap_column);

Review Comment:
   I see -- the reason I left a `TEMP...` name here was so that on error it was 
obvious that the Column was partially rewritten.
   
   Given the comments below, however, it seems like we may not even need this 
API



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