waynr commented on code in PR #7160:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/pull/7160#discussion_r1964728359


##########
object_store/src/extensions.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+use std::{
+    any::{Any, TypeId},
+    collections::HashMap,
+    sync::Arc,
+};
+
+/// Trait that must be implemented by extensions.
+pub trait Extension: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
+    /// Return a &Any for this type.
+    fn as_any(self: Arc<Self>) -> Ext;
+
+    /// Ensure that [`Extensions`] can implement [`std::cmp::PartialEq`] by 
requiring [`Extension`]
+    /// implementors to implement a dyn-compatible partial equality operation.
+    ///
+    /// This is necessary because [`std::cmp::PartialEq`] uses a `Self` type 
parameter, which
+    /// violates dyn-compatibility rules:
+    /// 
https://doc.rust-lang.org/error_codes/E0038.html#trait-uses-self-as-a-type-parameter-in-the-supertrait-listing
+    fn partial_eq(self: Arc<Self>, other: Ext) -> bool;
+}
+
+type ExtensionMap = HashMap<TypeId, Arc<dyn Extension>>;
+type Ext = Arc<dyn Any + Send + Sync + 'static>;
+
+/// Type that holds opaque instances of types referenced by their 
[`std::any::TypeId`].
+///
+/// Types are stored as instances of the [`Extension`] trait in order to 
enable implementation of
+/// [`std::fmt::Debug`] and [`std::cmp::PartialEq`].
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
+pub struct Extensions {
+    inner: ExtensionMap,
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for Extensions {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        for (k, v) in &self.inner {
+            if let Some(ov) = other.inner.get(&k) {
+                if !v.clone().partial_eq(ov.clone().as_any()) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            } else {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        true
+    }
+}
+
+impl Extensions {
+    pub(crate) fn set_ext<T: Extension + 'static>(&mut self, t: T) {
+        let id = t.type_id();
+        let a = Arc::new(t);
+        self.inner.insert(id, a);
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn get_ext<T: Any + Send + Sync + 'static>(&self) -> 
Option<Arc<T>> {
+        let id = TypeId::of::<T>();
+        self.inner.get(&id).map(|e| {
+            let v = Arc::clone(&e).as_any();
+            Arc::downcast::<T>(v).unwrap()
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<HashMap<TypeId, Ext>> for Extensions {
+    fn from(other: HashMap<TypeId, Ext>) -> Self {
+        let mut s = Self::default();
+        for (k, v) in other {
+            let v = Arc::new(ExtWrapper { inner: v });
+            s.inner.insert(k, v);
+        }
+        s
+    }
+}
+
+/// Type that implements [`Extension`] for the sake of converting to 
[`Extensions`] from external
+/// instances of `HashMap<TypeId, Ext>'.
+///
+/// NOTE: Different instances of the same type held by ExtWrapper are 
considered equal for the sake
+/// of the `Extensions.partial_eq` trait since its intended use case is for 
wrapping dyn-compatible
+/// trait objects; because [`std::cmp::PartialEq`] has `Self` as a generic 
type parameter, the type
+/// system won't let us set it as a trait bound on incoming trait objects when 
constructing
+/// ExtWrapper.
+struct ExtWrapper {
+    inner: Arc<dyn Any + Send + Sync + 'static>,
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Debug for ExtWrapper {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "ExtWrapper2")
+    }
+}
+
+impl Extension for ExtWrapper {
+    fn as_any(self: Arc<Self>) -> Ext {
+        self.inner.clone()
+    }
+
+    fn partial_eq(self: Arc<Self>, _: Ext) -> bool {
+        // this is necessary because ExtWrapper is a generic impl of 
Extensions necessary for
+        // converting from external Arc<dyn Any ...> types where none of the 
trait bounts can
+        // implement PartialEq due to dyn-compatibility requirements.
+        true

Review Comment:
   @crepererum I don't know if this violates the spirit of your preference for 
making `Extension` trait implementations also implement `PartialEq` and 
`Debug`, but this was the best I could come up with that would allow me to 
build a `Extensions` instance from a `HashMap<TypeId, Arc<dyn Any + Send + Sync 
+ 'static>>`. I should have a PR up shortly demonstrating the use of this in 
datafusion.



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