scovich commented on code in PR #8105:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/pull/8105#discussion_r2289233384


##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(array.value($index))
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`,
+/// using `method` requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array
+/// to a specific array type and `cast_fn` to transform the element.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value($index));
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// not requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert a decimal value to a `VariantDecimal`
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! decimal_to_variant_decimal {
+    ($v:ident, $scale:expr, $value_type:ty, $variant_type:ty) => {
+        if *$scale < 0 {
+            // For negative scale, we need to multiply the value by 10^|scale|

Review Comment:
   variant doesn't support negative scale?



##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(array.value($index))
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`,
+/// using `method` requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array
+/// to a specific array type and `cast_fn` to transform the element.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value($index));
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// not requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert a decimal value to a `VariantDecimal`
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! decimal_to_variant_decimal {
+    ($v:ident, $scale:expr, $value_type:ty, $variant_type:ty) => {
+        if *$scale < 0 {
+            // For negative scale, we need to multiply the value by 10^|scale|
+            // For example: 123 with scale -2 becomes 12300
+            let multiplier = (10 as $value_type).pow((-*$scale) as u32);

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
               let multiplier = <$value_type>::pow(10, (-*$scale) as u32);
   ```



##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(array.value($index))
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`,
+/// using `method` requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array
+/// to a specific array type and `cast_fn` to transform the element.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value($index));
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// not requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert a decimal value to a `VariantDecimal`
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! decimal_to_variant_decimal {
+    ($v:ident, $scale:expr, $value_type:ty, $variant_type:ty) => {
+        if *$scale < 0 {
+            // For negative scale, we need to multiply the value by 10^|scale|
+            // For example: 123 with scale -2 becomes 12300
+            let multiplier = (10 as $value_type).pow((-*$scale) as u32);
+            // Check for overflow
+            if $v > 0 && $v > <$value_type>::MAX / multiplier {
+                return Variant::Null;
+            }
+            if $v < 0 && $v < <$value_type>::MIN / multiplier {
+                return Variant::Null;
+            }
+            <$variant_type>::try_new($v * multiplier, 0)
+                .map(|v| v.into())
+                .unwrap_or(Variant::Null)
+        } else {
+            <$variant_type>::try_new($v, *$scale as u8)
+                .map(|v| v.into())
+                .unwrap_or(Variant::Null)
+        }

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
           let (v, scale) = if *$scale < 0 {
               // For negative scale, we need to multiply the value by 10^-scale
               // For example: 123 with scale -2 becomes 12300 with scale 0
               let multiplier = <$value_type>::pow(10, (-*$scale) as u32);
               ($v.checked_mul($v), 0u8)
           } else {
               (Some($v), *$scale as u8)
           };
           $v.and_then(|v| <$variant_type>::try_new(v, scale).ok())
               .map_or(Variant::Null, Into::into)
   ```



##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(array.value($index))
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`,
+/// using `method` requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array
+/// to a specific array type and `cast_fn` to transform the element.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value($index));
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// not requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert a decimal value to a `VariantDecimal`
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! decimal_to_variant_decimal {
+    ($v:ident, $scale:expr, $value_type:ty, $variant_type:ty) => {
+        if *$scale < 0 {
+            // For negative scale, we need to multiply the value by 10^|scale|

Review Comment:
   Oh, I see -- you're manually applying the scale and producing a scale=0 
decimal result.



##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(array.value($index))
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`,
+/// using `method` requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array
+/// to a specific array type and `cast_fn` to transform the element.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value($index));
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// not requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert a decimal value to a `VariantDecimal`
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! decimal_to_variant_decimal {
+    ($v:ident, $scale:expr, $value_type:ty, $variant_type:ty) => {
+        if *$scale < 0 {
+            // For negative scale, we need to multiply the value by 10^|scale|
+            // For example: 123 with scale -2 becomes 12300

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
               // For example: 123 with scale -2 becomes 12300 with scale 0
   ```



##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(array.value($index))
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`,
+/// using `method` requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array
+/// to a specific array type and `cast_fn` to transform the element.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value($index));
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// not requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert a decimal value to a `VariantDecimal`
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! decimal_to_variant_decimal {
+    ($v:ident, $scale:expr, $value_type:ty, $variant_type:ty) => {
+        if *$scale < 0 {
+            // For negative scale, we need to multiply the value by 10^|scale|
+            // For example: 123 with scale -2 becomes 12300
+            let multiplier = (10 as $value_type).pow((-*$scale) as u32);
+            // Check for overflow
+            if $v > 0 && $v > <$value_type>::MAX / multiplier {
+                return Variant::Null;
+            }
+            if $v < 0 && $v < <$value_type>::MIN / multiplier {

Review Comment:
   Are these fully accurate boundary checks? I worry that the truncating 
integer division could have corner cases.
   
   I think we can do:
   ```rust
   v.checked_mul(multiplier)
       .and_then(|v| <$variant_type>::try_new(v, 0).ok())
       .map_or(Variant::Null, Into::into)
   ```



##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(array.value($index))
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`,
+/// using `method` requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array
+/// to a specific array type and `cast_fn` to transform the element.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value($index));
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// not requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert a decimal value to a `VariantDecimal`
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! decimal_to_variant_decimal {
+    ($v:ident, $scale:expr, $value_type:ty, $variant_type:ty) => {
+        if *$scale < 0 {
+            // For negative scale, we need to multiply the value by 10^|scale|
+            // For example: 123 with scale -2 becomes 12300
+            let multiplier = (10 as $value_type).pow((-*$scale) as u32);
+            // Check for overflow
+            if $v > 0 && $v > <$value_type>::MAX / multiplier {
+                return Variant::Null;
+            }
+            if $v < 0 && $v < <$value_type>::MIN / multiplier {
+                return Variant::Null;
+            }
+            <$variant_type>::try_new($v * multiplier, 0)
+                .map(|v| v.into())
+                .unwrap_or(Variant::Null)
+        } else {
+            <$variant_type>::try_new($v, *$scale as u8)
+                .map(|v| v.into())
+                .unwrap_or(Variant::Null)
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Convert arrays that don't need generic type parameters
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! cast_conversion_nongeneric {

Review Comment:
   Isn't this just `non_generic_conversion_array`?



##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(array.value($index))
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`,
+/// using `method` requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array
+/// to a specific array type and `cast_fn` to transform the element.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value($index));
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// not requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();

Review Comment:
   It seems like this is the only "real" macro, and the other two are just 
special cases?
   But for that to work, this macros shouldn't take `$input` and `$method` as 
separate arguments, so caller is e.g.
   ```diff
   - non_generic_conversion_array!(as_boolean, |v| v, input, builder);
   + non_generic_conversion_array!(input.as_boolean(), |v| v, builder);
   ```
   If that's acceptable then we can do:
   ```rust
   macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
       ($array:expr, $cast_fn:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
           let array = $array;
             ...
       }};
   }
   ```
   and then
   ```rust
   macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
       ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {
           non_generic_conversion_array!($input.$method::<$t>, $cast_fn, 
$builder)
       };
   }
   ```
   and then
   ```rust
   macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
       ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {
           generic_conversion_array!($t, as_primitive, |v| v, $input, $builder)
       };
   }
   ```
   
   A similar factoring should work for the `xxx_conversion_scalar` macros.



##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));

Review Comment:
   nit: why not just:
   ```suggestion
               } else {
                   $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
               }
   ```



##########
parquet-variant-compute/src/type_conversion.rs:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Module for transforming a typed arrow `Array` to `VariantArray`.
+
+/// Convert the input array of a specific primitive type to a `VariantArray`
+/// row by row
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(array.value(i)));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! primitive_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.as_primitive::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(array.value($index))
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_array {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the value at a specific index in the given array into a `Variant`,
+/// using `method` requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array
+/// to a specific array type and `cast_fn` to transform the element.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($t:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$t>();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value($index));
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert the input array to a `VariantArray` row by row, using `method`
+/// not requiring a generic type to downcast the generic array to a specific
+/// array type and `cast_fn` to transform each element to a type compatible 
with Variant
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_array {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! non_generic_conversion_single_value {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $index:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        if array.is_null($index) {
+            return Variant::Null;
+        }
+        Variant::from(cast_value)
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert a decimal value to a `VariantDecimal`
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! decimal_to_variant_decimal {
+    ($v:ident, $scale:expr, $value_type:ty, $variant_type:ty) => {
+        if *$scale < 0 {
+            // For negative scale, we need to multiply the value by 10^|scale|
+            // For example: 123 with scale -2 becomes 12300
+            let multiplier = (10 as $value_type).pow((-*$scale) as u32);
+            // Check for overflow
+            if $v > 0 && $v > <$value_type>::MAX / multiplier {
+                return Variant::Null;
+            }
+            if $v < 0 && $v < <$value_type>::MIN / multiplier {
+                return Variant::Null;
+            }
+            <$variant_type>::try_new($v * multiplier, 0)
+                .map(|v| v.into())
+                .unwrap_or(Variant::Null)
+        } else {
+            <$variant_type>::try_new($v, *$scale as u8)
+                .map(|v| v.into())
+                .unwrap_or(Variant::Null)
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Convert arrays that don't need generic type parameters
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! cast_conversion_nongeneric {
+    ($method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, $builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
+/// Convert string arrays using the offset size as the type parameter
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! cast_conversion_string {
+    ($offset_type:ty, $method:ident, $cast_fn:expr, $input:expr, 
$builder:expr) => {{
+        let array = $input.$method::<$offset_type>();
+        for i in 0..array.len() {
+            if array.is_null(i) {
+                $builder.append_null();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let cast_value = $cast_fn(array.value(i));
+            $builder.append_variant(Variant::from(cast_value));
+        }

Review Comment:
   Taking the advice above for `non_generic_conversion_array`:
   ```suggestion
           non_generic_conversion_array!($input.$method::<$offset_type>(), 
$cast_fn, $builder)
   ```



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